Continuous lipid extraction of microalgae using high-pressure carbon dioxide.

Sequestering carbon, purifying water, and creating biofuel materials using microalgae are of global interest in the R&D field. However, extracting algal oil consumes a high amount of energy, which is an obstacle for the biofuel market. Nontoxic and recyclable high-pressure CO2 extraction processes are being developed by numerous researchers; however, most of these processes use batch operations mixed with a large amount of co-solvent and require improvement.

Comparative study of lipid extraction from microalgae by organic solvent and supercritical CO2.

Pavlova sp. was employed to evaluate the efficiency of different lipid extraction methods. The microalgal crude lipids content determined using the mixed solvent with ultrasonic method was 44.

An investigation on pollutant emissions from co-firing of RDF and coal.

Pollutant emissions from co-firing of refuse derived fuel (RDF) and coal were investigated in a vortexing fluidized bed combustor (VFBC). RDF-5 was made of common municipal solid waste (MSW). CaCO(3) was injected in the combustor to absorb HCl at 850 degrees C.

Co-firing of paper mill sludge and coal in an industrial circulating fluidized bed boiler.

Co-firing of coal and paper mill sludge was conducted in a 103 MWth circulating fluidized bed boiler to investigate the effect of the sludge feeding rate on emissions of SOx, NOx, and CO. The preliminary results show that emissions of SOx and Nx decrease with increasing sludge feeding rate, but CO shows the reverse tendency due to the decrease in combustion temperature caused by a large amount of moisture in the sludge. All emissions met the local environmental requirements.