Characterization of adults concerning the use of a hypothetical mHealth application addressing stress-overeating: an online survey.

Background: About 40% of people respond to stress by consuming more unhealthy foods. This behavior is associated with increased energy intake and the risk of obesity. As mobile health (mHealth) applications (apps) have been shown to be an easy-to-use intervention tool, the characterization of potential app users is necessary to develop target group-specific apps and to increase adherence rates.

Utility of nicardipine in the management of hypertensive crises in adults with reduced ejection fractions.

Background: Nicardipine is commonly used in the management of hypertensive crises, except those involving cardiac contractility defects despite its ability to reduce afterload and pulmonary congestion. Consequently, there is limited literature evaluating nicardipine's role for this indication. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of nicardipine in adults with reduced ejection fractions presenting with acute heart failure with hypertension (AHF-H).

Digital communication and virtual reality for extending the behavioural treatment of obesity - the patients' perspective: results of an online survey in Germany.

Background: CBT has been found effective for the treatment of EDs and obesity. However not all patients achieve clinically significant weight loss and weight regain is common. In this context, technology-based interventions can be used to enhance traditional CBT but are not yet widespread.

Attitude of Nutrition Experts Toward Psychotherapy and Virtual Reality as Part of Obesity Treatment-An Online Survey.

Background: The management of obesity requires lifestyle-based interventions covering nutrition, physical activity, and behavior. As part of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), body image therapy approaches can be used not only by psychotherapists. One tool to conduct behavioral therapy is virtual reality (VR).

Stress eating: an online survey of eating behaviours, comfort foods, and healthy food substitutes in German adults.

Background: In many people, stress is associated with changes in eating behaviour. Food products consumed during stress (comfort foods) are often unhealthy. It is rather unknown what comfort foods are consumed in Germany and what healthier food products are considered as alternatives to support stress-eaters in making healthier food choices.

Stress-induced hyperphagia: empirical characterization of stress-overeaters.

Background: Stressful situations can have an impact on an individual's eating behavior. People vulnerable to the influence of stress tend to change the quantity and quality of their food intake. Variables such as sex and body mass index (BMI) seem to be related to this stress-eating behavior, but it is rather unclear what factors account to the parameters associated with stress-eating behavior.

Serious Games for Nutritional Education: Online Survey on Preferences, Motives, and Behaviors Among Young Adults at University.

Background: Data on nutritional information and digital gameplay are limited among young adults in Germany.

Objective: This survey aimed to gather data on nutritional information sources and digital games for nutritional education (preferences, motives, and behaviors) among young adults at both Munich universities in Germany.

Methods: An online survey was developed by an multidisciplinary research group using EvaSys, an in-house survey software.

Improved Upper Limit on the Neutrino Mass from a Direct Kinematic Method by KATRIN.

We report on the neutrino mass measurement result from the first four-week science run of the Karlsruhe Tritium Neutrino experiment KATRIN in spring 2019. Beta-decay electrons from a high-purity gaseous molecular tritium source are energy analyzed by a high-resolution MAC-E filter. A fit of the integrated electron spectrum over a narrow interval around the kinematic end point at 18.

Short-Term Effects of the Serious Game "Fit, Food, Fun" on Nutritional Knowledge: A Pilot Study among Children and Adolescents.

"Serious games" are a novel and entertaining approach for nutritional education. The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate the short-term effectiveness of "Fit, Food, Fun" (FFF), a serious game to impart nutritional knowledge among children and adolescents. Data collection was conducted at two secondary schools in Bavaria, Germany.

A Scientific Overview of Smartphone Applications and Electronic Devices for Weight Management in Adults.

Worldwide, there are rising trends in overweight and obesity. Therefore, novel digital tools are discussed to improve health-related behaviors. The use of smartphone applications (apps) and wearables (e.

Digital Gaming for Nutritional Education: A Survey on Preferences, Motives, and Needs of Children and Adolescents.

Background: Use of novel information and communication technologies are frequently discussed as promising tools to prevent and treat overweight and obesity in children and adolescents.

Objective: This survey aims to describe the preferences, motives, and needs of children and adolescents regarding nutrition and digital games.

Methods: We conducted a survey in 6 secondary schools in the southern region of Germany using a 43-item questionnaire.

Leaching of natural colloids from forest topsoils and their relevance for phosphorus mobility.

The leaching of P from the upper 20cm of forest topsoils influences nutrient (re-)cycling and the redistribution of available phosphate and organic P forms. However, the effective leaching of colloids and associated P forms from forest topsoils was so far sparsely investigated. We demonstrated through irrigation experiments with undisturbed mesocosm soil columns, that significant proportions of P leached from acidic forest topsoils were associated with natural colloids.

p53 opens the mitochondrial permeability transition pore to trigger necrosis.

Ischemia-associated oxidative damage leading to necrosis is a major cause of catastrophic tissue loss, and elucidating its signaling mechanism is therefore of paramount importance. p53 is a central stress sensor responding to multiple insults, including oxidative stress to orchestrate apoptotic and autophagic cell death. Whether p53 can also activate oxidative stress-induced necrosis is, however, unknown.

[Interventional electrophysiology in cardiac MRI : what is the current status?].

The ablation of simple and complex cardiac arrhythmias has become a first-line therapy in interventional cardiology and is mainly guided by conventional fluoroscopy. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (cMRI) allows exact three-dimensional (3D) visualization of complex anatomical structures and serves in the planning and implementation of ablation procedures. Post-procedural lesion visualization using cMRI can assess the success of ablation therapy and may distinguish potential complications.

Effect of vitamin K2 supplementation on functional vitamin K deficiency in hemodialysis patients: a randomized trial.

Background: Vascular calcification is a predictor of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Hemodialysis patients experience severe vascular calcifications. Matrix Gla protein (MGP) is a central calcification inhibitor of the arterial wall; its activity depends on vitamin K-dependent γ-glutamate carboxylation.

Renal dysfunction and atrial fibrillation recurrence following cardioversion.

Background: No previous study has assessed the role of renal impairment in predicting the long-term risk of atrial fibrillation recurrence after cardioversion.

Methods: One hundred and fifty-nine consecutive patients with persistent atrial fibrillation undergoing successful cardioversion were enrolled. Renal function was assessed based on the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) at baseline and during follow-up.

Reduced expression of Pax6 in lens and cornea of mutant mice leads to failure of chamber angle development and juvenile glaucoma.

Heterozygous mutations in PAX6 are causative for aniridia, a condition that is frequently associated with juvenile glaucoma. Defects in morphogenesis of the iridocorneal angle, such as lack of trabecular meshwork differentiation, absence of Schlemm's canal and blockage of the angle by iris tissue, have been described as likely causes for glaucoma, and comparable defects have been observed in heterozygous Pax6-deficient mice. Here, we employed Cre/loxP-mediated inactivation of a single Pax6 allele in either the lens/cornea or the distal optic cup to dissect in which tissues both alleles of Pax6 need to be expressed to control the development of the tissues in the iridocorneal angle.

Serological cardiovascular and mortality risk predictors in dialysis patients receiving sevelamer: a prospective study.

Background: Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality are massively increased in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Sevelamer hydrochloride has been shown to attenuate cardiovascular calcifications in CKD and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. We assessed how sevelamer hydrochloride influences the evolution of serum fetuin-A and other serological factors predicting cardiovascular outcome and survival in haemodialysis patients.

Direct comparison of relaxation and cGMP production in human coronary by-pass grafts in response to stimulation with natriuretic peptides and a nitric oxide donor.

In the present study, we investigated the vasodilator properties of A-type, B-type and C-type natriuretic peptides (ANP, BNP and CNP respectively) and the NO (nitric oxide) donor sin-1 (3-morpholino-sydnonimine) in human by-pass grafts. In contrast with previous studies, the same vessel was used to demonstrate a direct link between cGMP production and functional relaxation. Remnants of the IMA (internal mammary artery) and SV (saphenous vein) were obtained from 82 patients undergoing coronary artery by-pass grafting.

A model system using tape stripping for characterization of Langerhans cell-precursors in vivo.

Little is known about the immigration of bone marrow-derived progenitors of Langerhans cells (LC) into the epidermis. We developed an in vivo system based on the tape stripping method that allowed us to study the immigration of LC into the epidermis after intradermal injection of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (DC). Tape stripping induced a mechanical disruption of the epidermal barrier that led to skin inflammation and subsequent emigration of LC and dermal DC from the skin.

Expression of C-type lectin receptors by subsets of dendritic cells in human skin.

C-type lectins are cell surface receptors that recognize carbohydrate structures which are often part of microbial pathogens. Several of these molecules are expressed on dendritic cells and are involved in antigen uptake. Expression of C-type lectins on dendritic cells of the human skin, i.

Ontogeny of Langerin/CD207 expression in the epidermis of mice.

C-type lectin receptors help Langerhans cells (LC) to take up and process pathogens. Langerin/CD207 is a mannose-binding C-type lectin that is specifically expressed by LC. It is involved in antigen uptake in an as yet poorly defined way, and it is a major molecular constituent of Birbeck granules.

Increased expression of CCL20 in human inflammatory bowel disease.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) constituting Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) is related to a dysregulated T cell response. CCL20 attracts memory T lymphocytes and dendritic cells. We asked whether CCL20 expression is altered in IBD.

Langerhans cells - dendritic cells of the epidermis.

Langerhans cells (LC) are dendritic cells of the epidermis. They are highly specialized leukocytes that serve immunogenic and tolerogenic purposes. Here, we review some aspects of LC biology, emphasizing those areas where LC are or may turn out to be special.