High-intensity arm resistance training does not lead to better outcomes than low-intensity resistance training in patients after subacute stroke: A randomized controlled trial.

Objective: To describe the effects of 2 levels of intensity of arm resistance training on grip strength, arm function, activities, participation, and adverse events in patients with subacute stroke.

Design: A randomized controlled and preregistered trial with concealed allocation, assessor blinding and intention-to-treat analysis.

Patients: Patients with subacute stroke and upper extremity hemiparesis.

Upper limb strength training in subacute stroke patients: study protocol of a randomised controlled trial.

Background: Stroke patients are often affected by arm paresis, have functional impairments and receive help from professional or informal caregivers. Progressive resistance training is a common intervention for functional impairments after paresis. Randomised controlled trials (RCT) showed benefits for functional recovery after resistance training.

Intracranial Pressure: A Comparison of the Noninvasive HeadSense Monitor versus Lumbar Pressure Measurement.

Objective: To compare a new method of noninvasive intracranial pressure (nICP) measurement with conventional lumbar puncture (LP) opening pressure.

Methods: In a prospective multicenter study, patients undergoing LP for diagnostic purposes underwent intracranial pressure measurements with HeadSense, a noninvasive transcranial acoustic device, and indirectly with LP. Noninvasive measurements were conducted with the head in a 30° tilt and in supine position before and after LP.

Neurocognitive functions and brain atrophy after proven neuroborreliosis: a case-control study.

Background: Patients often report neurocognitive difficulties after neuroborreliosis (NB). The frequency and extent of cognitive problems in European patients have been studied incompletely.

Methods: Sixty patients received a neurological and neuropsychological work-up 6 months or longer after treatment for proven NB.

Smooth Pursuit "Bedside" Training Reduces Disability and Unawareness During the Activities of Daily Living in Neglect: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Unlabelled: Background Neglect is associated with disability, unawareness, poor long-term outcome, and dependence from caregivers. No randomized trial has evaluated the effects of smooth pursuit eye movement training (SPT) and visual scanning training (VST) at the bedside on these variables. Objective To compare the effects of SPT and VST in postacute stroke at 1 month with left neglect.

A new orthosis for subluxed, flaccid shoulder after stroke facilitates gait symmetry: a preliminary study.

Objective: The aims of this study were: (i) to evaluate the immediate effects on subluxation and gait pattern of a new shoulder orthosis, developed for treatment of painful shoulder syndrome in subacute stroke patients; and (ii) to evaluate patients' and therapists' opinions about its fit and benefits after 4 weeks.

Methods: A total of 40 subacute in-rehabilitation stroke patients with non-functional arm and painful shoulder were included in the study. Of these, 12 subjects underwent shoulder radiography and gait analysis with and without the orthosis to determine the immediate effects of the orthosis.

[Carboplatin and paclitaxel induction chemotherapy for patients with oropharynx carcinoma].

Background: Between June 1998 and January 2005 64 patients of the department of oto-rhino-laryngology, head and neck surgery in Kassel with primary resectable squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx underwent neoadjuvant induction therapy. Carboplatin and Paclitaxel were given 6 times once weekly. This combination has proofed to be successful in downstaging and extend survival in patients suffering from head and neck cancer.

Repetitive locomotor training and physiotherapy improve walking and basic activities of daily living after stroke: a single-blind, randomized multicentre trial (DEutsche GAngtrainerStudie, DEGAS).

Objective: To evaluate the effect of repetitive locomotor training on an electromechanical gait trainer plus physiotherapy in subacute stroke patients.

Design: Randomized controlled trial.

Setting: Four German neurological rehabilitation centres.

Injuries in team sport tournaments during the 2004 Olympic Games.

Background: Several authors have analyzed the incidence of injuries in a given sport, but only a few have examined the exposure-related incidence of injuries in different types of sports using the same methodology.

Purpose: Analysis of the incidence, circumstances, and characteristics of injuries in different team sports during the 2004 Olympic Games.

Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2.

Pathophysiological significance of peroxidative stress, neuronal damage, and membrane permeability in acute mountain sickness.

Free radical-mediated changes in vascular permeability and subsequent inflammatory response may be a contributory pathogenetic cofactor responsible for the development of neurological sequelae associated with acute mountain sickness (AMS). To investigate this, 49 subjects were examined at sea level and serially after rapid ascent to 4,559 m. Although the venous concentration of total creatine phosphokinase activity was measured in all subjects, a complementary examination of lipid peroxidation (F(2)-isoprostanes), inflammatory (TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, C-reactive protein), and cerebrovascular tissue damage (neuron-specific enolase) biomarkers was confined to a subcohort of 24 subjects.

Prevalence of latent and manifest suprascapular neuropathy in high-performance volleyball players.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the prevalence of latent and manifest suprascapular neuropathy in high-level male volleyball players. Thirty subjects were examined clinically and electrophysiologically. Suprascapular neuropathy, most probably at the level of the suprascapular notch, was demonstrated in 12 subjects, being latent in eight.

[Compression neuropathy of the suprascapular nerve in high performance volleyball players].

Individual observations during the course of the medical care of the German men's national volleyball team in international tournaments gave cause to investigate more thoroughly the increasing occurrence of an atrophy of the infraspinatus m. in volleyball players at international level. An examination of three men's national teams specially slanted to throw light on this problem revealed that 28% (10 out of 36 players) had an atrophy of the infraspinatus m.

[Differential diagnosis of shoulder pain: chronic neuropathy of the suprascapular nerve].

Suprascapular neuropathy may present with chronic shoulder pain and weakness of abduction and external rotation of the arm. Therefore, it should always be included in the differential diagnosis of shoulder pain. Usually, the nerve is compressed at the suprascapular notch or the spinoglenoid notch.

The significance of diagnostic imaging in acute and chronic brain damage in boxing. A prospective study in amateur boxing using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

The significance and possible extent of structural damage to the central nervous system (CNS) due to boxing are investigated. Bleeding, especially microhematomas, is considered to be one probable cause of the chronic encephalopathy in boxers. In a prospective study, 13 amateur boxers were investigated with the help of MRI several times before and after their fights.

[May an epileptic patient participate in sports?].

Epilepsy is a frequent disease. The question of possible sport activities and epilepsy is important because of the prominent role of sport in the population. The present paper deals with problem if epileptic patients can freely participate in sport or whether they are restricted to a certain extend by their disorder.

Diagnosis and treatment in a case of juvenile subacute necrotizing encephalopathy Leigh without cytochrome c oxidase deficiency.

Subacute necrotizing encephalopathy (Leigh syndrome) is characterized by lactacidosis, seizures, ataxia, multiple cerebral hypervascularized lesions and mitochondrial oxidation defects. This is a report on a 21-year-old patient with proven Leigh syndrome, mild central and provokable peripheral lactacidosis, an extra-erythrocyte complex II defect, functionally reduced myokinase adenylate deaminase activity, but no ultrastructural mitochondrial changes. Determination of lactate, pyruvate and ammonia under ischemic conditions plus a pyruvate loading test were particularly useful.

Cerebral vasospasm evaluated by transcranial Doppler ultrasonography at different intracranial pressures.

The present study evaluates the interdependence of clinical stage, cerebral vasospasm, intracranial pressure (ICP), and transcranial Doppler ultrasonographic parameters. The mean flow velocity of blood in the middle cerebral artery and the index of cerebral circulatory resistance as a measure of the peripheral vascular flow resistance were determined in 76 patients with spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage. The ICP was measured using an epidural transducer in 41 patients.

Orofacial and respiratory tardive dyskinesia: potential side effects of 2-dimethylaminoethanol (deanol)?

A case of essential tremor since early adultness is presented, which has been treated successfully with the acetylcholine precursor 2-dimethylaminoethanol (deanol) for 10 years. Development of a marked dyskinesia syndrome affecting predominantly orofacial and respiratory musculature has been noticed with this medication. Partial remission after discontinuation and a favorable response to anticholinergics are suggestive of an adverse drug effect.

Embolic mononeuropathy in subacute bacterial endocarditis.

A 49-year-old man presented with temperature up to 39.5 degrees C, a sudden peroneal nerve lesion, and a cardiac murmur. The peroneal nerve lesion was likely caused by an embolic occlusion of an artery supplying the nerve.

Morvan's fibrillary chorea. A case with possible manganese poisoning.

The clinical picture of Morvan's fibrillary chorea includes a. spontaneous muscular activity resulting from repetitive motor unit action potentials of peripheral origin (multiplets), b. autonomic dysregulation with profuse hyperhidrosis, and c.

[Chronic neuropathy of the suprascapular nerve in high performance athletes].

The clinical and electrophysiological examination of 36 top-level volleyball players showed a suprascapular neuropathy in 28% of the subjects. The most commonly observed clinical symptom was a focal severe atrophy of the m. infraspinatus, combined with loss of strength of the arm in abduction and external rotation.

Acute subdural and subgaleal empyema.

A case is presented in which the initial CT scan failed to demonstrate subdural suppuration over both convexities. Definitive CT finding of subdural empyema (SDE) was only positive at an advanced stage, when a bilateral subgaleal empyema also spread out. Because of the fulminant development of the subdural empyema and the delayed diagnosis, the outcome was fatal in spite of neurosurgical operation.

A method for common undercutting of interactive regions in rat cerebral cortex.

A method is described by which several cortical areas can be isolated from subcortical afferent and corticofugal efferent connections, but the operation leaves associative and commissural connections with each other and with non-isolated areas intact. The common isolation of interactive cortical regions offers new possibilities to study morphologically, biochemically and electrophysiologically the complex process of synaptic reorganization and cortical functions in the absence of subcortical afferent and efferent connections.

Current brain tumour models with particular consideration of the transplantation techniques. Outline of literature and personal preliminary results.

The most well known brain tumour models will be discussed. It is a series of animal experiments with an induced tumour and with heterologous and homologous transplantation. This work will deal especially with technical problems, which have not so far been satisfactorily resolved.

Chronic enteral poisoning caused by potassium permanganate: a case report.

To our knowledge, this is the first case report of a multiple, low dosage ingestion of manganese. A 66-year-old male patient is presented, who ingested 125 ml of a 8% solution of potassium permanganate (10 g) within 4 weeks. As early as 2 weeks after the beginning of poisoning, psychological alterations were noted.