Influence of heavy metals upon the retention and mobilization of polonium-210 in rats.

Purpose: To provide information about the tissue retention and mobilization of the alpha-emitting radionuclide, polonium-210 (210Po), in rats under combined exposure to heavy metal ions and the chelating agent, 2, 3-dimercaptopropane-1-sulfonate (DMPS).

Materials And Methods: Rats were pre-exposed intraperitoneally to either CdCl2 or Pb(CH3COO)2. 9 or 15 h later they received 210Po nitrate intravenously.

Reduction of subacute lethal radiotoxicity of polonium-210 in rats by chelating agents.

The protective effect of N,N'-di(2-hydroxyethyl)ethylene-diamine-N,N'-biscarbodithioate (HOEtTTC) against the subacute lethal radiotoxicity of polonium-210 was investigated in a survival study and by histopathological and haematological examinations of some organs and tissues in Sprague-Dawley rats. This effect was compared with that of N,N'-diethylamine-N-carbodithioate (diethy dithiocarbamate, DDTC). In the survival study, rats injected in intravenously solely with a lethal amount of 210Po (1.

Effects of magnetic field exposure on the development of lung fibrosis elicited by industrial pollutants.

Lung injury elicited by a single intratracheal instillation of fibrogenic (quartz) and nuisance (anatase) dusts and/or weekly repeated instillation of CdCl2 solution combined with sinusoidal (50 Hz, 10 mT) magnetic field (MF) exposure was studied in male rats. Combined effects in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), rat lungs and regional lymph nodes after 4 months of MF exposure (1 h/5 days per week) were evaluated biochemically and by cytological and histopathological examination. Damage of cell membranes in the cell part of BAL due to MF exposure was not observed in the examined animal groups.

[Serum lysozyme and copper levels in rats after the administration of dust].

Changes in the content of lysozyme and copper were studied in the blood serum of rats in four time intervals (1, 2, 12, and 24 weeks) after administration of 50 mg TiO2, Sio2 or coal dust and the copper content was also studied 12 weeks after administration of 3 industrial dusts. The obtained results were supplemented by histopathological examinations and in the 12-week interval by the determination of the lung wet weight. The lysozyme content was statistically significantly increased compared to controls practically over the whole time course with differences in the level of the response to SiO2 in comparison with the response to TiO2 and coal.

The use of the DENTACRYL rapid (Spofa) resin for preparation of the rat tracheobronchial casts.

We have made tracheobronchial casts of the rat lungs using DENTACRYL Rapid (Spofa)--the synthetic methacrylic resin of Czechoslovak origin. The details of the method are fully described. The differences between preparations of the intact rat tracheobronchial trees and those of the rats after quartz instillation are illustrated.

Acrylonitrile potentiation of oxygen toxicity in rats.

Single intraperitoneal injection of acrylonitrile, administered prior to the start, at the onset, or during oxygen exposure, respectively, in all cases significantly impaired the survival rate of rats exposed to 98% oxygen. Short periods of lung glutathione depletion by acrylonitrile accelerated the manifestation of O2 toxicity regardless of their timing with respect to the start of oxygen exposure, but in dependence on their intensity and duration. However, the effect of acrylonitrile was probably not solely glutathione-depletion-mediated, since O2 toxicity was enhanced even by acrylonitrile injection, given sufficiently in advance to allow the lung glutathione level to recover before the oxygen exposure started.

Calcification of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate)-collagen composites implanted in rats.

Samples of the polyHEMA-collagen composites with varying collagen content have been implanted into the popliteal region of rats. Three, six and twelve months after the implantation, calcification of the implanted material was determined using a radioactive indicator. At the same time, the implants and surrounding tissue were examined histologically.

Changes in pulmonary connective tissue proteins after a single intratracheal instillation of cadmium chloride in the rat.

Changes of soluble and insoluble fractions of pulmonary connective tissue proteins were studied in rats for 2-84 days following a single intratracheal instillation of cadmium chloride (10 micrograms Cd2+/lung). A transient decrease in body weight and an immediate increase in lung wet weight (200% of control value, P less than 0.01) were observed.

Biomonitoring of environmental pollution hazards from a nickel smelter waste dump.

Longterm field exposure study was carried out on 10 rabbits placed for 6 months in a bioindication station located about 3 km downwind of a disposal site of nickel smelter waste dump. As revealed by the method of atomic absorption spectrophotometry, all of these animals showed elevated nickel and chromium levels in their body organs and hair. These findings were paralleled by histologic abnormalities in the lungs and liver tissues.

Acrylonitrile inhalation in rats: I. Effect on intermediary metabolism.

In male Wistar rats the inhalation exposure to acrylonitrile (AN), 280 mg X m-3, 8 hours a day for five days significantly decreased the serum concentration of cholesterol and triglycerides, but the liver concentrations of phospholipids, and esterified fatty acids were unchanged. The liver microsomal protein and cytochrome P-450 content decreased significantly. On the other hand the levels of glucose, lactate and pyruvate in the blood and brain significantly increased up to 250% of controls.

Thy-1 epitopes are expressed on murine myeloid leukemia and reticulum sarcoma cells.

Expression of Thy-1.2 specificities in cells from 29 primary spontaneous leukemias of random-bred ICR Swiss mice was examined by cell membrane and cytoplasmic immunofluorescence with monoclonal HO-13-4 antibody [1]. The Thy-1.

Changes in pulmonary connective tissue after a single intratracheal instillation of papain in the rat.

The effect of a single intratracheal instillation of 2 mg of papain on metabolic changes of collagen and elastin in lungs was studied in rats labeled with [14C]proline in vivo. The total amount, concentration, specific and total radioactivity of both proteins were examined during the 28 days after papain administration. In the early period (1 to 3 days) a loss of elastin content (about 50% of control; p less than 0.

Role of time and concentration on carbon tetrachloride toxicity in rats.

The hepatotoxic effect of different exposure schemes to carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) was studied in inhalation experiments in rats. The duration of exposures at different concentrations of CCl4 vapours in air was changed in such a way as to give a constant product of concentration and time (CT). The animals were exposed for 4 successive days a week.

Cell-surface adhesiveness of mouse leukemias.

Cell-surface adhesiveness of forty-one primary mouse leukemias was quantitatively examined by the Latex (polystyrene) particle adherence (LPA) assay. Mean surface adhesiveness of leukemic cell populations was found to be substantially lower than that of normal mouse thymus, lymph node and spleen cell populations. No significant differences were found among mean LPA-positivity of sixteen thymic lymphomas, sixteen reticulum cell sarcomas and six myelogenous leukemias examined; the LPA-positivity of two nonthymic lymphomas and one undifferentiated leukemia was higher and comparable with that of normal mouse thymus cells.

Physical properties and biochemistry of lung surfactant following vagotomy.

Surface tension and the biochemical composition of lung washings were studied in rats 24 h after bilateral cervical vagotomy. A significant decrease in body weight, rate of breathing, stability and hysteresis shape indexes and hysteresis loop areas were noted. The gamma max, gamma min, gamma stat, indexes of compressibility, the number of cells and the protein content of washings were significantly increased.

Causes of experimental pulmonary hypertension in rats.

Experimental pulmonary hypertension was induced in young male rats by means of tracheoconstriction and repeated injections of aqueous bean (Phaseolus vulg.) extract into the trachea. After 120 days, the blood pressure of the experimental and control animals was measured in the pulmonary artery with a shaped polyethylene catheter, without opening the chest.

Biliary excretion of 64Cu, 65Zn and 203Hg in the rat with liver injury induced by CCl4.

In rats the effect of a chronic administration of CCl4 on the excretion and disstribution of 64Cu, 65Zn, and 203Hg was investigated. The bilary excretion of these metals was studied with particular attention. It was found that total excretion of 64Cu, 65Zn, or 203Hg from the organism did not change significantly in comparison with the control groupp, but the ratio of individual excretion pathways did change.

Endocellular parasitism of Mycobacterium avium in rabbit liver. A morphological study.

Yersin's type of experimental tuberculosis was induced in rabbits by intravenous administration of Mycobacterium avium and was studied in situ in the liver. Mycobacteria were only found in Kupffer-cell phagosomes and, at the later stages of the disease, in the phagosomes of the multinuclear giant cells. Ultrastructural changes in Kupffer's cells amounted to an increase in cytoplasm volume and corresponding increase in the number of ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria.

Lung function in acute paraquat intoxication.

Functional and morphological examination of the lungs was performed in rats 48 hours after intratracheal injection of 0.5 mg/kg of the herbicide paraquat. Pronounced tachypnoea was observed (235+/-20 c/min), which also persisted under urethane anaesthesia (210+/-18 c/min).

Carrageenin-induced experimental pneumonia in rats.

The authors verified the possibility of modelling pneumonia by the intratracheal administration of carrageenin solution into the lungs of rats. The most satisfactory dose was found to be 0.5 ml 0.