Medialized vs. Lateralized Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty for Proximal Humerus Fractures: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) is increasingly used in the treatment of proximal humerus fractures (PHFs) with reliable clinical improvement. Lateralized RSA implants have conferred superior outcomes compared with the original Grammont design in patients with nontraumatic indications. However, in the setting of a PHF, lateralized components can place increased tension across the tuberosity fracture site and potentially compromise tuberosity healing and outcomes.

Validation of the Contraception-Focused Preference-Aligned Fertility Management Index in Uganda and Nigeria.

Objective: To evaluate construct validity of the contraception-focused "Preference-aligned Fertility Management" (PFM) Index, a new person-centered and rights-based outcome measure, in Nigeria and Uganda.

Study Design: We analyzed survey data from convenience samples of new users of contraception and non-users of contraception in Uganda and users of contraception in Nigeria. PFM Index scores were calculated by combining two indicators: Indicator 1 assessing alignment between desire to use contraception and actual use; Indicator 2 evaluating whether users' current methods are desired.

Targeted sequencing of bacteria using CRISPR-Cas9 enrichment and Oxford Nanopore Technologies.

Unlabelled: Sequencing DNA directly from patient samples enables faster pathogen characterization compared to traditional culture-based approaches, but often yields insufficient sequence data for effective downstream analysis. CRISPR-Cas9 enrichment is designed to improve the yield of low abundance sequences but has not been thoroughly explored with Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) for use in clinical bacterial epidemiology. We designed CRISPR-Cas9 guide RNAs to enrich the human pathogen , by targeting multi-locus sequence type (MLST) and transfer RNA (tRNA) genes, as well as common antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes and the resistance-associated integron gene .

Operando Characterization of Electrochemistry at the Rutile TiO(110)/0.1 M HCl Interface Using Ambient Pressure XPS.

Ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (AP-XPS) was employed to investigate the effect of applied potential on the interface of TiO(110) with 0.1 M HCl. The study, which involved operando electrochemical characterization, enabled real-time monitoring and analysis of electrochemical processes.

Influence of Humeral Component Cement and Bone Grafting on Greater Tuberosity Healing and Functional Outcomes After Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty for Proximal Humerus Fractures: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) is increasingly used in the treatment of displaced proximal humerus fractures (PHFs) with reliable clinical improvement. However, the preferred techniques for humeral stem fixation are varied and may be influenced by patient and injury characteristics, including bone quality and fracture pattern. This systematic review and meta-analysis sought to determine the effect of humeral component cementing and bone grafting on tuberosity healing rates and functional outcomes after RSA for PHFs.

Comparison of different nebulisation systems for capsaicin cough challenge testing.

https://bit.ly/45P1X8V.

An exploration of clinically meaningful definitions of cough bouts.

Rationale: The measurement of cough frequency is widely used in clinical trials, typically expressed as the number of explosive cough sounds per hour. However, this measure does not capture the clustering of coughs into bouts. Coughing bouts contribute to perceived cough severity and the physical complications of coughing, but an agreed standard definition of cough bouts is lacking.

Shigella sonnei: epidemiology, evolution, pathogenesis, resistance and host interactions.

Shigella sonnei is a major cause of diarrhoea globally and is increasing in prevalence relative to other Shigella because of multiple demographic and environmental influences. This single-serotype species has traditionally received less attention in comparison to Shigella flexneri and Shigella dysenteriae, which were more common in low-income countries and more tractable in the laboratory. In recent years, we have learned that Shigella are highly complex and highly susceptible to environmental change, as exemplified by epidemiological trends and increasing relevance of S.

Neuroplastic Responses to Chiropractic Care: Broad Impacts on Pain, Mood, Sleep, and Quality of Life.

Objectives: This study aimed to elucidate the mechanisms of chiropractic care using resting electroencephalography (EEG), somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs), clinical health assessments (Fitbit), and Patient-reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS-29).

Methods: Seventy-six people with chronic low back pain (mean age ± SD: 45 ± 11 years, 33 female) were randomised into control ( = 38) and chiropractic ( = 38) groups. EEG and SEPs were collected pre and post the first intervention and post 4 weeks of intervention.

Wild-Type Domestication: Loss of Intrinsic Metabolic Traits Concealed by Culture in Rich Media.

Bacteria are typically isolated on rich media to maximise isolation success, removing them from their native evolutionary context. This eliminates selection pressures, enabling otherwise deleterious genomic events to accumulate. Here, we present a cautionary tale of these 'quiet mutations' which can persist unnoticed in bacterial culture lines.

Women's Perspectives on the Unique Benefits and Challenges of Self-Injectable Contraception: A Four-Country In-Depth Interview Study in Sub-Saharan Africa.

Implementing self-injection (SI) of subcutaneous depot-medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA-SC) is a key self-care strategy for sexual and reproductive health, but SI uptake remains low, and assertions about the potential of SI to increase women's control over contraceptive use lack evidence. We sought to qualitatively explore how women with diverse contraceptive experiences-including those with and without experience using SI-view the benefits and challenges of SI as compared to other methods. We conducted 241 in-depth interviews with women across four sub-Saharan African countries and found alignment between the perceived and experienced benefits of SI across our diverse sample.

Adaptation of the G-NORM (Gender norms scale) in Uganda: An examination of how gender norms are associated with reproductive health decision-making.

Background: Restrictive gender norms exacerbate health inequalities all over the world. More specifically, they prevent women from seeking preventive health services, constrain women's economic empowerment, and are associated with reproductive health decision making. Gender norms, a subset of social norms, are dynamic and change over time.

Diversity, functional classification and genotyping of SHV β-lactamases in .

Interpreting the phenotypes of alleles in genomes is complex. Whilst all strains are expected to carry a chromosomal copy conferring resistance to ampicillin, they may also carry mutations in chromosomal alleles or additional plasmid-borne alleles that have extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) activity and/or β-lactamase inhibitor (BLI) resistance activity. In addition, the role of individual mutations/a changes is not completely documented or understood.

Not all plaques are created equal: Uncovering a unique molecular signature in Alzheimer's disease.

Although neuritic plaques - comprised of aggregated fibrils of the misfolded protein, amyloid β (Aβ) - have formed a central focus of Alzheimer's disease (AD) research for decades, it is now well understood that plaque burden alone is a poor correlate of cognitive decline. This is highlighted especially when compared against other neuropathological hallmarks, such as synapse loss (the strongest correlate) and hyperphosphorylated protein tau. However, it is known that Familial AD arises due to autosomal dominant mutations directly influencing the generation of Aβ, suggesting that Aβ pathology may play a key upstream role in the disease.

The effect of tuberosity healing on functional outcomes after reverse shoulder arthroplasty for proximal humerus fractures: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: This systematic review and meta-analysis compared clinical outcome measures in patients undergoing reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) for proximal humerus fracture (PHF) with healed versus non-healed greater tuberosity (GT).

Methods: We performed a systematic review using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines querying PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane for studies that stratified results by the GT healing status. Studies that did not attempt to repair the GT were excluded.

Development and validation of a novel questionnaire to describe and assess sensations and triggers associated with refractory and unexplained chronic cough.

Introduction: Refractory or unexplained chronic cough (RUCC) is a common clinical problem with no effective diagnostic tools. The Sensations and Triggers Provoking Cough questionnaire (TOPIC) was developed to characterise cough in RUCC versus cough in other conditions.

Methods: Content analysis of participant interviews discussing the sensations and triggers of chronic cough informed TOPIC development.

Precision public health in the era of genomics and big data.

Precision public health (PPH) considers the interplay between genetics, lifestyle and the environment to improve disease prevention, diagnosis and treatment on a population level-thereby delivering the right interventions to the right populations at the right time. In this Review, we explore the concept of PPH as the next generation of public health. We discuss the historical context of using individual-level data in public health interventions and examine recent advancements in how data from human and pathogen genomics and social, behavioral and environmental research, as well as artificial intelligence, have transformed public health.

selection of carbapenem resistance during persistent sequence type 395 bloodstream infection due to OmpK36 deletion.

Non-carbapenemase-producing carbapenem-resistant (non-CP CRE) may be associated with a grave outcome. The common underlying mechanism is beta-lactamases and mutations in outer membrane porins. We report a case of a deep-seated infection caused by ST395 not amenable to source control, involving recurrent bloodstream infection, resulting in selection of carbapenem resistance under therapy.

Investigating the effects of chiropractic care on resting-state EEG of MCI patients.

Introduction: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a stage between health and dementia, with various symptoms including memory, language, and visuospatial impairment. Chiropractic, a manual therapy that seeks to improve the function of the body and spine, has been shown to affect sensorimotor processing, multimodal sensory processing, and mental processing tasks.

Methods: In this paper, the effect of chiropractic intervention on Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals in patients with mild cognitive impairment was investigated.

PHA4GE quality control contextual data tags: standardized annotations for sharing public health sequence datasets with known quality issues to facilitate testing and training.

As public health laboratories expand their genomic sequencing and bioinformatics capacity for the surveillance of different pathogens, labs must carry out robust validation, training, and optimization of wet- and dry-lab procedures. Achieving these goals for algorithms, pipelines and instruments often requires that lower quality datasets be made available for analysis and comparison alongside those of higher quality. This range of data quality in reference sets can complicate the sharing of sub-optimal datasets that are vital for the community and for the reproducibility of assays.

Illness perceptions, experiences of stigma and engagement in functional neurological disorder (FND): exploring the role of multidisciplinary group education sessions.

Background: A critical first step in managing functional neurological disorder (FND) is a positive diagnosis and clear explanation using an understandable illness model. Multidisciplinary group education sessions are one way to achieve this, with some evidence they improve understanding, confidence in diagnosis and outcomes with further treatment. In many conditions, illness perceptions and stigma affect distress, functioning, quality of life and engagement.

The Effects of Chiropractic Spinal Adjustment on EEG in Adults with Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Disease: A Pilot Randomised Cross-over Trial.

Objectives: In this study, we explored the effects of chiropractic spinal adjustments on resting-state electroencephalography (EEG) recordings and early somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease.

Methods: In this randomized cross-over study, 14 adults with Alzheimer's disease (average age 67 ± 6 years, 2 females:12 males) and 14 adults with Parkinson's disease (average age 62 ± 11 years, 1 female:13 males) participated. The participants underwent chiropractic spinal adjustments and a control (sham) intervention in a randomized order, with a minimum of one week between each intervention.