Effect of cisplatin on renal haemodynamics and tubular function in the dog kidney.

Administration of cisplatin (5 mg/kg) to dogs results in polyuric renal failure due initially to a proximal tubular functional impairment. 48-72 h after the cisplatin administration the depressed renal function can be attributed to impairment of proximal as well as distal tubular reabsorptive capacities associated with increased renal vascular resistance. The polyuria seems to be due to the impaired reabsorption rate in the distal nephron segments.

Functional and histopathological changes in dog kidneys after administration of cisplatin.

The nephrotoxic effect of cisplatin (5 mg/kg i.v.) was evaluated in 8 dogs 48-72 h after administration.

A rapid challenge protocol for determination of non-specific bronchial responsiveness.

A rapid method for determination of non-specific bronchial hyperreactivity was developed. Resistance to breathing was determined by a modified expiratory airway interrupter technique and combined with a dosimeter-controlled nebulizer which made continuous determination of response possible during challenge. The patients inhaled histamine chloride 8 mg/ml at every eighth breath until resistance to breathing (Rt) was increased by 60%.

Effects of various transport inhibitors on oscillating TGF pressure responses in the rat.

The present study examines the effect in free flow microperfusion experiments of various diuretics with different sites of action on an oscillating tubular pressure response to changes in Henle loop flow rate. Amiloride (1 mM) and bendroflumethiazide (0.1 mM) had no effect outside the stimulation caused by the solvent (Ringer solution).

BAY K 8644-induced oscillations in rabbit gall-bladder transepithelial potential difference.

The effects of the Ca2+-channel activator BAY K 8644 (a novel dihydropyridine) on transepithelial potential difference (Pd), electrical resistance (Rt), and unidirectional Na+-fluxes were studied in the rabbit gall-bladder. It was observed that BAY K 8644 at concentrations between 10(-7) and 10(-5) M induced regular oscillations in the transepithelial Pd, without affecting the mean value of Pd (or Rt). The mean oscillatory frequency was 18 mHz (approximately 1 cycle per min), and the mean amplitude was 30-35 microV.

Bronchial histamine challenge in the diagnosis of asthma. The predictive value of changes in airway resistance determined by the interrupter method.

The predictive value of a bronchial challenge with histamine was determined in a prospective survey on a population with a high prevalence of asthma (0.62). Without knowledge of the bronchial responsiveness 133 patients were classified as asthmatics (83) or non-asthmatics (50) according to variation in peak expiratory flow rate and medical history.

A study of proximal tubular compliances in normotensive and spontaneously hypertensive rats, and the effect of anaesthesia on the compliance.

Proximal tubular compliance (C) was measured in free flow microperfusion experiments from the initial slope of the increase in proximal luminal pressure divided by the step input of volume flow delivered from a microperfusion pipette inserted in a downstream proximal convolution. Five groups of rats were studied: Munich Wistar (WU, n = 11) and Sprague-Dawley rats (SPRD, n = 6) anaesthetized with inactin; and SPRD (n = 11), Wistar Kyoto (WKY, n = 9), and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR, n = 11) anaesthetized with halothane. In the inactin groups, C was: 0.

TGF-mediated oscillations in the proximal intratubular pressure: differences between spontaneously hypertensive rats and Wistar-Kyoto rats.

A highly sensitive oscillatory tubulo-glomerular feedback (TGF) response has previously been demonstrated in normotensive Sprague-Dawley rats. The purpose of the present study was to examine whether such as oscillating TGF-response could be elicited in Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY) and genetically hypertensive rats (SHR) and furthermore if any differences in the TGF-response characteristics between SHR and WKY rats could be detected. The closed loop function of the TGF-system was studied.

Effect of renal nerve activity on tubular sodium and water reabsorption in dog kidneys as determined by the lithium clearance method.

The reliability of the lithium clearance method in studies of the effect of renal nerve activity upon tubular sodium and water handling in the dog kidney was investigated. Following unilateral acute surgical denervation of the kidney a significant increase in urinary flow rate (40 +/- 7%), sodium clearance (26 +/- 4%), lithium clearance (9 +/- 2%) and fractional lithium clearance (8 +/- 2%) was seen, as compared to the contralateral kidney with preserved innervation. Calculated absolute proximal reabsorption rate decreased significantly by 7 +/- 2%, while calculated absolute rates of distal reabsorption of sodium and water increased significantly by 9 +/- 2% and 8 +/- 2%.

Acute effect of cisplatin on renal hemodynamics and tubular function in dog kidneys.

The present study was designed to investigate the early hemodynamic and tubular effects of cisplatin administration on dogs. To localize the nephrotoxic actions of cisplatin, we have taken advantage of the lithium clearance method. After infusion of 5 mg of cisplatin per kg, an immediate and significant increase in urinary flow rate (from 0.

Bambuterol: dose response study of a new terbutaline prodrug in asthma.

The bronchodilator activity and side-effects of treatment for 4 days with either 0.085, 0.170 or 0.

Differences in tubuloglomerular feedback--oscillatory activity between spontaneously hypertensive and Wistar-Kyoto rats.

In 12 to 18-week-old Wistar-Kyoto rats, regular oscillations in the proximal intratubular pressure occurred spontaneously. The median frequency was 29.7 mHz (range 20-46.

Bronchial histamine challenge. A combined interrupter-dosimeter method compared with a standard method.

We compared the provocative concentration (PC) values obtained by two different methods of performing bronchial histamine challenge. One test was done on an APTA, an apparatus which allows simultaneous provocation with histamine and measurement of airway resistance (Rtot) by the interrupter method. The second test was a conventional tidal breathing method, with measurement of the FEV1.

Effects of acute volume loading on kidney function in patients with essential hypertension, as estimated by the lithium clearance method.

This study investigated the mechanism underlying the exaggerated natriuresis seen in patients with essential hypertension. The study used the lithium clearance method, which permits accurate determination of both proximal and distal sodium reabsorption in man. One litre of isotonic sodium chloride, intravenously (i.

The predictive value of bronchial histamine challenge in the diagnosis of bronchial asthma.

A prospective survey aiming to study the predictive value of bronchial histamine challenge was performed on 151 patients with a forced expiratory volume1 (FEV1) above 60% of predicted. According to variations in peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) and medical history the patients were classified as asthmatics (n = 97) or non-asthmatics (n = 54). The diagnostic properties of the challenge were calculated using the statement of Baye.

Effects of halothane-nitrous oxide inhalation anesthesia and Inactin on overall renal and tubular function in Sprague-Dawley and Wistar rats.

Real function, plasma renin concentration (PRC) and prostaglandin (PG) excretion rate was studied in groups of Sprague-Dawley (SPRD) and Wistar (WIST) rats anesthetized with either Halothane-N2O or Inactin. Conscious rats were used as controls. A.

Interaction between prostaglandins of the E-type with a urinary component from halothane anesthetized rats.

Prostaglandins of the E-type (PGE's) were found to react or combine with a urinary metabolite of Halothane yielding products which were left unrecovered during the purification procedure preceding specific radioimmunoassay of PGE2. The products were retained on sephadex LH-20 columns, and showed on thin layer silica gel plates (TLC) Rf values lower than those of the parent PGE-compounds. The product formation is supposed to involve the beta-hydroxyketone system of PGE, since PG's of the F and A type were unaffected.

Comparison of three measures of proximal tubular reabsorption: lithium clearance, occlusion time, and micropuncture.

Fractional lithium clearance (CLi/CIn), transit time-occlusion time (e-TT/OT), and late proximal tubular fluid-to-plasma inulin ratio [1/(TF/P)In] collected by micropuncture were determined successively in the same rat during Amytal anesthesia. The rats were examined during hydropenia, after partial aortic constriction, or during saline diuresis. There was a linear relationship (r = 0.