Rational approximation of golden angles: Accelerated reconstructions for radial MRI.

Purpose: To develop a generic radial sampling scheme that combines the advantages of golden ratio sampling with simplicity of equidistant angular patterns. The irrational angle between consecutive spokes in golden ratio-based sampling schemes enables a flexible retrospective choice of temporal resolution, while preserving good coverage of k-space for each individual bin. Nevertheless, irrational increments prohibit precomputation of the point-spread function (PSF), can lead to numerical problems, and require more complex processing steps.

Rational Approximation of Golden Angles: Accelerated Reconstructions for Radial MRI.

Purpose: To develop a generic radial sampling scheme that combines the advantages of golden ratio sampling with simplicity of equidistant angular patterns. The irrational angle between consecutive spokes in golden ratio based sampling schemes enables a flexible retrospective choice of temporal resolution, while preserving good coverage of k-space for each individual bin. Nevertheless, irrational increments prohibit precomputation of the point-spread function (PSF), can lead to numerical problems, and require more complex processing steps.

Free-breathing myocardial T mapping using inversion-recovery radial FLASH and motion-resolved model-based reconstruction.

Purpose: To develop a free-breathing myocardial mapping technique using inversion-recovery (IR) radial fast low-angle shot (FLASH) and calibrationless motion-resolved model-based reconstruction.

Methods: Free-running (free-breathing, retrospective cardiac gating) IR radial FLASH is used for data acquisition at 3T. First, to reduce the waiting time between inversions, an analytical formula is derived that takes the incomplete recovery into account for an accurate calculation.

Deep, deep learning with BART.

Purpose: To develop a deep-learning-based image reconstruction framework for reproducible research in MRI.

Methods: The BART toolbox offers a rich set of implementations of calibration and reconstruction algorithms for parallel imaging and compressed sensing. In this work, BART was extended by a nonlinear operator framework that provides automatic differentiation to allow computation of gradients.

Model-based reconstruction for simultaneous multi-slice mapping using single-shot inversion-recovery radial FLASH.

Purpose: To develop a single-shot multi-slice mapping method by combing simultaneous multi-slice (SMS) excitations, single-shot inversion-recovery (IR) radial fast low-angle shot (FLASH), and a nonlinear model-based reconstruction method.

Methods: SMS excitations are combined with a single-shot IR radial FLASH sequence for data acquisition. A previously developed single-slice calibrationless model-based reconstruction is extended to SMS, formulating the estimation of parameter maps and coil sensitivities from all slices as a single nonlinear inverse problem.

Cardiac and Respiratory Self-Gating in Radial MRI Using an Adapted Singular Spectrum Analysis (SSA-FARY).

Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is time-consuming and error-prone. To ease the patient's burden and to increase the efficiency and robustness of cardiac exams, interest in methods based on continuous steady-state acquisition and self-gating has been growing in recent years. Self-gating methods extract the cardiac and respiratory signals from the measurement data and then retrospectively sort the data into cardiac and respiratory phases.

ENLIVE: An Efficient Nonlinear Method for Calibrationless and Robust Parallel Imaging.

Robustness against data inconsistencies, imaging artifacts and acquisition speed are crucial factors limiting the possible range of applications for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Therefore, we report a novel calibrationless parallel imaging technique which simultaneously estimates coil profiles and image content in a relaxed forward model. Our method is robust against a wide class of data inconsistencies, minimizes imaging artifacts and is comparably fast, combining important advantages of many conceptually different state-of-the-art parallel imaging approaches.

Simple auto-calibrated gradient delay estimation from few spokes using Radial Intersections (RING).

Purpose: To develop a simple and robust tool for the estimation of gradient delays from highly undersampled radial k-space data.

Theory: In radial imaging gradient delays induce parallel and orthogonal trajectory shifts, which can be described using an ellipse model. The intersection points of the radial spokes, which can be estimated by spoke-by-spoke comparison of k-space samples, distinctly determine the parameters of the ellipse.

Frequency-modulated SSFP with radial sampling and subspace reconstruction: A time-efficient alternative to phase-cycled bSSFP.

Purpose: A novel subspace-based reconstruction method for frequency-modulated balanced steady-state free precession (fmSSFP) MRI is presented. In this work, suitable data acquisition schemes, subspace sizes, and efficiencies for banding removal are investigated.

Theory And Methods: By combining a fmSSFP MRI sequence with a 3D stack-of-stars trajectory, scan efficiency is maximized as spectral information is obtained without intermediate preparation phases.

Author Correction: Chemosensitivity profiling of osteosarcoma tumour cell lines identifies a model of BRCAness.

A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has been fixed in the paper.

Chemosensitivity profiling of osteosarcoma tumour cell lines identifies a model of BRCAness.

Osteosarcoma (OS) is an aggressive sarcoma, where novel treatment approaches are required. Genomic studies suggest that a subset of OS, including OS tumour cell lines (TCLs), exhibit genomic loss of heterozygosity (LOH) patterns reminiscent of BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutant tumours. This raises the possibility that PARP inhibitors (PARPi), used to treat BRCA1/2 mutant cancers, could be used to target OS.

Simultaneous multi-slice MRI using cartesian and radial FLASH and regularized nonlinear inversion: SMS-NLINV.

Purpose: The development of a calibrationless parallel imaging method for accelerated simultaneous multi-slice (SMS) MRI based on Regularized Nonlinear Inversion (NLINV), evaluated using Cartesian and radial fast low-angle shot (FLASH).

Theory And Methods: NLINV is a parallel imaging method that jointly estimates image content and coil sensitivities using a Newton-type method with regularization. Here, NLINV is extended to SMS-NLINV for reconstruction and separation of all simultaneously acquired slices.

Prospective evaluation of the Whitt Neonatal Trigger Score in an 'at-risk' neonatal population.

Aim: The aim of this study was to prospectively evaluate the Whitt Neonatal Trigger Score (W-NTS), determining optimum threshold scores for consideration of medical intervention and intensive care unit admission.

Methods: All neonates on the postnatal ward (PNW) with a set of pre-defined risk factors were scored on the W-NTS. Neonates were divided into three groups: 'unwell' admitted to neonatal intensive care unit (NICU); 'well', who remained on the PNW receiving standard care; and 'intervention', who received antibiotics but did not require admission to NICU.

Sinogram-based coil selection for streak artifact reduction in undersampled radial real-time magnetic resonance imaging.

Background: Streak artifacts are a common problem in radial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We therefore developed a method for automatically excluding receiver coil elements which lead to these artifacts.

Methods: The proposed coil selection relates to real-time MRI data based on highly undersampled radial acquisitions.

Large-Scale Profiling of Kinase Dependencies in Cancer Cell Lines.

One approach to identifying cancer-specific vulnerabilities and therapeutic targets is to profile genetic dependencies in cancer cell lines. Here, we describe data from a series of siRNA screens that identify the kinase genetic dependencies in 117 cancer cell lines from ten cancer types. By integrating the siRNA screen data with molecular profiling data, including exome sequencing data, we show how vulnerabilities/genetic dependencies that are associated with mutations in specific cancer driver genes can be identified.

Retrospective evaluation of a new neonatal trigger score.

Objectives: To design and validate an objective clinical scoring system to identify unwell neonates, by using routinely collected bedside observations.

Methods: A Neonatal Trigger Score (NTS) was designed by using local expert consensus and incorporated into a new observation chart. All neonates >35 weeks' gestation admitted to the NICU over an 18-month period, and an age-matched "well" cohort, were retrospectively scored by using the newly constructed NTS and all established pediatric early warning system (PEWS) scores.

Limbal stem cell deficiency in patients with inherited stem cell disorder of dyskeratosis congenita.

The aim of this study is to present the limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD) cases with features resembling dyskeratosis congenita (DC), a heritable disease of stem cells principally caused by telomerase deficiency. The clinical, laboratory and molecular findings of four cases are presented. A complete systemic examination was performed in a standardized manner for each patient.

Marked genetic heterogeneity in familial myelodysplasia/acute myeloid leukaemia.

The myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are heterogeneous and can evolve into acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). Rare familial cases are reported in which five disease genes have been identified to date (RUNX1, CEBPA, TERC, TERT and GATA2). Here we report the genetic categorization of 27 families with familial MDS/AML.

Successful use of daptomycin in Panton-Valentine leucocidin positive Staphylococcus aureus paediatric osteomyelitis.

Introduction: Efficacy of daptomycin has been recorded in adult Gram-positive bone and joint infections OAI (1) and daptomycin has been used as secondary or tertiary agent when primary agents have failed (1, 2) in the treatment of osteoarticular infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus.

Presentation Of Case: We report a 16-year-old schoolboy with Panton-Valentine Leucocidin (PVL) positive methicillin susceptible S. aureus osteomyelitis, who was refractory to 9days of recognised antimicrobial chemotherapy with progressive multifocal haematogenous spread.

Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum septic arthritis secondary to intra-articular injection--a case report and literature review.

This is believed to be the first report of a case of septic arthritis, secondary to intra-articular injection, caused by Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum - a skin commensal micro-organism. Review of the literature highlights the rarity of this pathogen in osteoarticular infections and a potential for delayed diagnosis and inadequate treatment due to subtle initial presentation.