Immune changes in pregnancy: associations with pre-existing conditions and obstetrical complications at the 20th gestational week-a prospective cohort study.

Background: Pregnancy is a complex biological process and serious complications can arise when the delicate balance between the maternal and semi-allogeneic fetal immune systems is disrupted or challenged. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), pre-eclampsia, preterm birth, and low birth weight pose serious threats to maternal and fetal health. Identification of early biomarkers through an in-depth understanding of molecular mechanisms is critical for early intervention.

Artificial intelligence-aided data mining of medical records for cancer detection and screening.

The application of artificial intelligence methods to electronic patient records paves the way for large-scale analysis of multimodal data. Such population-wide data describing deep phenotypes composed of thousands of features are now being leveraged to create data-driven algorithms, which in turn has led to improved methods for early cancer detection and screening. Remaining challenges include establishment of infrastructures for prospective testing of such methods, ways to assess biases given the data, and gathering of sufficiently large and diverse datasets that reflect disease heterogeneities across populations.

From Hands to Words-Physiotherapists Experience of Delivering Online Exercise and Education for Individuals With Knee Osteoarthritis.

Background: Little is known about delivering telehealth from a healthcare provider's perspective.

Purpose: To investigate physiotherapists' (PTs) experiences in delivering live online exercise and education for people with knee osteoarthritis (OA).

Methods: This was a qualitative individual interview study with a thematic analysis approach.

Perspectives on reasons why football and handball players sustain acute and severe knee injuries: a mixed-methods concept mapping study.

Background: The high incidence of knee injuries in football/handball challenges effective prevention. Identifying tangible and modifiable factors associated with a knee injury may innovate preventive actions. Engaging key stakeholders can reveal crucial insights that could improve knee injury prevention in football/handball.

Knowledge attainment, learning approaches, and self-perceived study burnout among European veterinary students.

Introduction: This study investigates the relationship between approaches to learning, self-perceived study burnout, and the level of knowledge among veterinary students. Veterinary educational programs are under regular development and would benefit greatly from detailed feedback on students' knowledge, proficiency, influencing factors, and coping mechanisms.

Methods: The VetRepos consortium developed and calibrated an item repository testing knowledge across the entire veterinary curriculum.

Plant-substrate biochar properties critical for mediating reductive debromination of 1,2-dibromoethane.

Dibromoethane is a widespread, persistent organic pollutant. Biochars are known mediators of reductive dehalogenation by layered Fe-Fe hydroxides (green rust), which can reduce 1,2-dibromoethane to innocuous bromide and ethylene. However, the critical characteristics that determine mediator functionality are lesser known.

Epitope-specific antibody fragments block aggregation of AGelD187N, an aberrant peptide in gelsolin amyloidosis.

Aggregation of aberrant fragment of plasma gelsolin, AGelD187N, is a crucial event underlying the pathophysiology of Finnish gelsolin amyloidosis, an inherited form of systemic amyloidosis. The amyloidogenic gelsolin fragment AGelD187N does not play any physiological role in the body, unlike most aggregating proteins related to other protein misfolding diseases. However, no therapeutic agents that specifically and effectively target and neutralize AGelD187N exist.

Alkali Extraction of Arsenic from Groundwater Treatment Sludge: An Essential Initial Step for Arsenic Recovery.

Arsenic (As)-bearing Fe(III) precipitate groundwater treatment sludge has traditionally been viewed by the water sector as a disposal issue rather than a resource opportunity, partly due to assumptions of the low value of As. However, As has now been classified as a Critical Raw Material (CRM) in many regions, providing new incentives to recover As and other useful components of the sludge, such as phosphate (P) and the reactive hydrous ferric oxide (HFO) sorbent. Here, we investigate alkali extraction to separate As from a variety of field and synthetic As-bearing HFO sludges, which is a critical first step to enable sludge upcycling.

Multi-cancer risk stratification based on national health data: a retrospective modelling and validation study.

Background: Health care is experiencing a drive towards digitisation, and many countries are implementing national health data resources. Although a range of cancer risk models exists, the utility on a population level for risk stratification across cancer types has not been fully explored. We aimed to close this gap by evaluating pan-cancer risk models built on electronic health records across the Danish population with validation in the UK Biobank.

No quadriceps muscle weakness following anterior quadratus lumborum block compared with placebo: a randomized, non-inferiority, blinded, volunteer trial.

Background And Aims: Anterior quadratus lumborum block is a truncal block, applied in close proximity to the lumbar plexus, potentially causing lower limb weakness. This trial aimed to evaluate whether a unilateral anterior quadratus lumborum block caused quadriceps muscle weakness compared with placebo.

Methods: In this randomized, non-inferiority, triple-blind trial, 20 healthy volunteers received an active unilateral anterior quadratus lumborum block with 30 mL ropivacaine 0.

Benefits and harms of structured outdoor physical activity for people with somatic or mental diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To examine the benefits and harms of structured outdoor physical activity (PA) for people living with one or more somatic or mental diseases.

Methods: We identified articles from inception until Marts 2023 in MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL and CENTRAL and citation tracking in Web of Science. We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies examining structured outdoor PA reporting physical function, health-related quality of life (HRQOL), pain or mental outcomes.

Progressive Resistance Training or Neuromuscular Exercise for Hip Osteoarthritis : A Multicenter Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Exercise is recommended as first-line treatment for patients with hip osteoarthritis (OA). However, randomized controlled trials providing evidence for the optimal exercise type are lacking.

Objective: To investigate whether progressive resistance training (PRT) is superior to neuromuscular exercise (NEMEX) for improving functional performance in patients with hip OA.

The robot butler: How and why should we study predictive algorithms and artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare?

Unlabelled: Artificial intelligence (AI) and algorithms are heralded as significant solutions to the widening gap between the rising healthcare needs of ageing and multi-morbid populations and the scarcity of resources to provide such care.

Objective: This article investigates how the PMHnet algorithm - an AI prognostication tool developed in Denmark to predict the one-year all-cause mortality risk for patients hospitalized with ischemic heart disease - was presented to cardiologists working in the hospital setting, and how they responded to this novel decision-support tool.

Methods: Empirically, we draw upon ethnographic fieldwork in the Danish-led international research project, PM Heart, which since 2019 has developed the PMHnet algorithm and implemented the software into the electronic health record system in hospitals in Eastern Denmark (the Capital Region and Region Zealand).

Assessment of the stabilization effect of ferrous sulfate for arsenic-contaminated soils based on chemical extraction methods and in vitro methods: Methodological differences and linkages.

Stabilization of arsenic-contaminated soils with ferrous sulfate has been reported in many studies, but there are few stabilization effects assessments simultaneously combined chemical extraction methods and in vitro methods, and further explored the corresponding alternative relationships. In this study, ferrous sulfate was added at FeAs molar ratio of 0, 5, 10 and 20 to stabilize As in 10 As spiked soils. Stabilization effects were assessed by 6 chemical extraction methods (toxicity characteristic leaching procedures (TCLP), HCl, diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA), CaCl, CHCOONH, (NH)SO), and 4 in vitro methods (physiologically based extraction test (PBET), in vitro gastrointestinal method (IVG), Solubility Bioaccessibility Research Consortium (SBRC) method, and the Unified Bioaccessibility Research Group of Europe method (UBM)).

YB-1-based oncolytic virotherapy in combination with CD47 blockade enhances phagocytosis of pediatric sarcoma cells.

Oncolytic viruses (OVs) selectively replicate in tumor cells resulting in lysis, spreading of new infectious units and induction of antitumor immune responses through abrogating an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). Due to their mode of action, OVs are ideal combination partners with targeted immunotherapies. One highly attractive combination is the inhibition of the 'don't-eat-me'-signal CD47, which is known to increase the phagocytic potential of tumor-associated macrophages.

Effects of neuromuscular control and strengthening exercises on MRI-measured thigh tissue composition and muscle properties in people with knee osteoarthritis - an exploratory secondary analysis from a randomized controlled trial.

Objective: To investigate the effects of adding strength training to neuromuscular control exercises on thigh tissue composition and muscle properties in people with radiographic-symptomatic knee osteoarthritis (KOA).

Methods: In this exploratory secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial, using a complete-case approach, participants performed 12 weeks of twice-weekly neuromuscular control exercise and patient education (NEMEX, n = 34) or NEMEX plus quadriceps strength training (NEMEX+ST, n = 29). Outcomes were MRI-measured inter- and intramuscular adipose tissue (InterMAT, IntraMAT), quadriceps muscle cross-sectional area (CSA), knee-extensor strength, specific strength (strength/lean CSA) and 30 s chair-stands.

TCR-transgenic T cells and YB-1-based oncolytic virotherapy improve survival in a preclinical Ewing sarcoma xenograft mouse model.

Background: Ewing sarcoma (EwS) is an aggressive and highly metastatic bone and soft tissue tumor in pediatric patients and young adults. Cure rates are low when patients present with metastatic or relapsed disease. Therefore, innovative therapy approaches are urgently needed.

Historical marine footprint for Atlantic Europe, 1500-2019.

Over the last 500 years, Europe (excluding Russia) consumed over 2500 million tonnes of ocean biomass. This is based on detailed historical data that we provide for human consumption per capita which was stable from 1500 to 1899 and tripled in the twentieth century. In the last 300 years, cod and herring dominated human seafood consumption.

Development of an optimized, non-stem cell line for intranasal delivery of therapeutic cargo to the central nervous system.

Neural stem cells (NSCs) are considered to be valuable candidates for delivering a variety of anti-cancer agents, including oncolytic viruses, to brain tumors. However, owing to the previously reported tumorigenic potential of NSC cell lines after intranasal administration (INA), here we identified the human hepatic stellate cell line LX-2 as a cell type capable of longer resistance to replication of oncolytic adenoviruses (OAVs) as a therapeutic cargo, and that is non-tumorigenic after INA. Our data show that LX-2 cells can longer withstand the OAV XVir-N-31 replication and oncolysis than NSCs.

Unresponsive Low Mixed Venous Oxygen Saturation During Early Intensive Care Unit Stay is Associated With Increased Risk of Organ Dysfunction After Cardiac Surgery: A Single-Center Retrospective Study.

Objectives: The aim of the study was to determine if unresponsive mixed venous oxygen saturation (SvO) values during early postoperative hours are associated with postoperative organ dysfunction.

Design: A single-center retrospective observational study.

Setting: A university hospital.

Novel environmental monitoring detector for discriminating fallout and airborne radioactivity.

Early warning networks are used for detecting abnormal radioactivity levels in the environment. State-of-the-art networks are equipped with both dose rate detectors and spectrometric stations. Current networks don't automatically discriminate between radioactivity on the ground and in the air.

Development of a shared item repository for progress testing in veterinary education.

Introduction: Progress testing in education is an assessment principle for the measurement of students' progress over time, e.g., from start to graduation.

Co-cropping vetiver grass and legume for the phytoremediation of an acid mine drainage (AMD) impacted soil.

Acid mine drainage (AMD) is a form of environmental pollution from mining activity that can negatively affect soil environments by acidification, salinisation, and metal(loid) contamination. The use of plants to remediate (phytoremediation) these impacted environments while generating plant-based value is a promising approach to more accessible and cost-benefiting restoration of post-mining, marginal lands. In this study, a 3-month growth-chamber pot experiment was conducted to investigate the influence of co-cropping two plant species, Chrysopogon zizanioides (vetiver grass) and the legume Medicago truncatula (barrel clover) with a wheat straw biochar amendment on the phytostabilisation of metal(loid)s Cr, Zn, and As and the phytoextraction of rare earth element (REE) in an AMD impacted soil from a gold mining region in South Africa.

Intranasal Delivery of Oncolytic Adenovirus XVir-N-31 via Optimized Shuttle Cells Significantly Extends Survival of Glioblastoma-Bearing Mice.

A glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive and lethal primary brain tumor with restricted treatment options and a dismal prognosis. Oncolytic virotherapy (OVT) has developed as a promising approach for GBM treatment. However, reaching invasive GBM cells may be hindered by tumor-surrounding, non-neoplastic cells when the oncolytic virus (OV) is applied intratumorally.