Impact of Continuous Glucose Monitoring Versus Blood Glucose Monitoring to Support a Carbohydrate-Restricted Nutrition Intervention in People with Type 2 Diabetes.

Low- and very-low-carbohydrate eating patterns, including ketogenic eating, can reduce glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) has also been shown to improve glycemic outcomes, such as time in range (TIR; % time with glucose 70-180 mg/dL), more than blood glucose monitoring (BGM). CGM-guided nutrition interventions are sparse.

A Nutrition-Focused Approach During Continuous Glucose Monitoring Initiation in People With Type 2 Diabetes: Using a Theoretical Framework to Unite Continuous Glucose Monitoring and Food Choices.

Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) has transformed diabetes care, yet opportunities for further innovations still exist. Some research suggests CGM could be an ideal tool to guide food choices and other healthy lifestyle behaviors, especially for people with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Behavior change theories can be used to understand and describe how CGM users make food-related decisions, which could ultimately lead to the design of more tailored and effective interventions.

The Use of Rescue Insulin in the Glycemia Reduction Approaches in Diabetes: A Comparative Effectiveness Study (GRADE).

Objective: To describe rescue insulin use and associated factors in the Glycemia Reduction Approaches in Diabetes: A Comparative Effectiveness Study (GRADE).

Research Design And Methods: GRADE participants (type 2 diabetes duration <10 years, baseline A1C 6.8%-8.

The Influence of Diet Interventions Using Whole, Plant Food on the Gut Microbiome: A Narrative Review.

Dietary intake is a key determinant of gastrointestinal microbiota composition. Studies have considered the relationship between gut microbiota and dietary patterns. It is likely that certain plant foods that contain fiber and other bioactive matter may be more likely to drive microbial changes than others; however, study design and other factors can make interpretation of the literature difficult.

Inulin-type fructans and whey protein both modulate appetite but only fructans alter gut microbiota in adults with overweight/obesity: A randomized controlled trial.

Scope: Independently, prebiotics and dietary protein have been shown to improve weight loss and/or alter appetite. Our objective was to determine the effect of combined prebiotic and whey protein on appetite, body composition and gut microbiota in adults with overweight/obesity.

Methods And Results: In a 12 week, placebo-controlled, double-blind study, 125 adults with overweight/obesity were randomly assigned to receive isocaloric snack bars of: (1) Control; (2) Inulin-type fructans (ITF); (3) Whey protein; (4) ITF + Whey protein.

Consuming foods with added oligofructose improves stool frequency: a randomised trial in healthy young adults.

The impact of oligofructose (OF) intake on stool frequency has not been clearly substantiated, while significant gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms have been reported in some individuals. The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of OF on stool frequency and GI symptoms in healthy adults. In an 8-week, randomised, double-blind, parallel-arm study, ninety-eight participants were provided with 16 g OF in yogurt and snack bars (twenty male and thirty female) or matching control foods (seventeen male and thirty-one female), to incorporate, by replacement, into their usual diets.

Feasibility of measuring gastric emptying time, with a wireless motility device, after subjects consume fiber-matched liquid and solid breakfasts.

To explore the feasibility and sensitivity of a new technology for measuring gastric emptying time (GET) in appetite research, and also to compare appetite after subjects consumed macronutrient- and fiber-matched liquid and solid meals. Fourteen women (BMI of 21.2 ± 0.

Glucose and insulin do not decrease in a dose-dependent manner after increasing doses of mixed fibers that are consumed in muffins for breakfast.

Conventional wisdom suggests that fiber consumption leads to lower postprandial glucose and insulin response. We hypothesized that increasing doses of mixed, viscous fiber would lower glucose and insulin levels in a dose-dependent manner. Healthy men (n = 10) and women (n = 10) with a body mass index of 24 ± 2 (mean ± SEM) participated in this double-blind, crossover study.

Increasing doses of fiber do not influence short-term satiety or food intake and are inconsistently linked to gut hormone levels.

Background: People who eat more fiber often have a lower body weight than people who eat less fiber. The mechanism for this relationship has been explained, in part, by increased satiety, which may occur as a result of changes in appetite-suppressing gut hormone levels, and decreases in food intake at subsequent meals.

Objective: We hypothesized that increasing doses of mixed fiber, consumed in muffins for breakfast, would proportionally influence satiety, gut hormone levels, and subsequent food intake.

Greater satiety response with resistant starch and corn bran in human subjects.

Some studies suggest high-fiber foods are more satiating than foods with little or no fiber. However, we hypothesized that certain types of dietary fiber may enhance satiety more than others. Healthy men and women (N = 20) participated in this acute, randomized double-blind, crossover study comparing the effects of 4 fibers and a low-fiber (LF) treatment on satiety.

Long-term enteral nutrition facilitates optimization of body weight.

Background: Optimization of body mass index (BMI) among cancer survivors is a priority. Long-term enteral nutrition is required by many head and neck cancer survivors and may be utilized to affect changes in BMI.

Methods: We used a retrospective review of head and neck cancer survivors dependent on enteral nutrition.