The Relationship of Exercise, Psychosocial Factors, and Social Participation Among Adults Aging With Long-Term Physical Disability: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Purpose: This study investigated the relationships among exercise engagement, psychosocial factors, and social participation for adults aging with physical disabilities (AAwPD).

Design: A cross-sectional study within a community-based cohort study of participation among AAwPD was conducted.

Setting: A comprehensive survey was administered online or via telephone.

Influence of falls, fall-related injuries, and fear of falling on social participation in people aging with long-term physical disability: a cross-sectional study.

Purpose: This study examined prevalence and relationships among falls, injuries, fear of falling, and social participation in people aging with long-term physical disability (PAwLTPD).

Materials And Methods: A convenience sample of 474 PAwLTPD recruited from community agencies and social media as baseline of a longitudinal cohort study. Inclusion criteria: 45-65 years, self-reported physical disability for ≥5 years, and English-speaking.

Text messaging intervention for fatigue self-management in people with stroke, spinal cord injury, and multiple sclerosis: A pilot study.

Background: Fatigue negatively impacts the function and quality of life of people with disabilities (PwD). Mobile health (mHealth) platforms are recognized as effective and accessible approaches to delivering health interventions and may show higher satisfaction by tailoring the information toward personalized needs for PwD.

Objective: To evaluate the acceptability, feasibility, and participant engagement with a Short Message Service (SMS) text messaging intervention for fatigue self-management and to explore the pre- and post-score health changes in PwD.

Consistency of participation over time among persons aging with physical disability as measured by a tool designed for use among community-based organizations.

Background: Community participation measures for persons aging with disability were developed and evaluated to support community-based organizations (CBOs) with efficient assessment of change in participation and need for supports/services to facilitate participation.

Objective: To evaluate a set of nine activity domain measures to broadly assess community participation and change in participation over time.

Methods: A community-based sample (N = 323) of persons ages 45-65 responded to a survey with repeated measures three times annually (T1, T2, T3) between 2019 and 2022.

Mobility Disability and Exercise: Health Outcomes of an Accessible Community-Based Center.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine how support and guidance provided by trained professionals during a 12-week, community-based transition exercise program, impact health outcomes and continued engagement in physical activity for persons with a mobility disability (PwMD).

Design: A single arm pre-post design was used.

Setting: Accessible community-based health and wellness center.

An observational study of personal and environmental factors associated with attendance at a community-based adaptive fitness center for adults with physical disabilities.

Background: Regular exercise has many benefits for adults with physical disabilities (AwPD). Despite these benefits, significant barriers to participating in exercise exist for AwPD. Community-based adaptive fitness centers promote exercise for AwPD by minimizing barriers.

Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Psychosocial Health of Persons With Spinal Cord Injury: Investigation of Experiences and Needed Resources.

Background: Emerging evidence suggests that the COVID-19 pandemic has been accompanied by increased rates of depression and social isolation. However, we do not yet understand how the COVID-19 pandemic has affected the psychosocial health of people with spinal cord injury (PwSCI), a population that is already at risk of experiencing mental health conditions.

Objectives: The aims of the study were to (1) examine the impact of the pandemic on the psychosocial health of PwSCI and (2) investigate the experiences of PwSCI and resources they reported needing during the peak of the pandemic.

The Effect of Patient Opioid Education on Opioid Use, Storage, and Disposal Patterns.

We evaluated the impact of patient education over opioid use, storage, and disposal on opioid handling patterns of palliative and chronic nonmalignant pain patients. We compared patient surveys before and after education and conducted further analysis for individual clinics due to group differences found prior to education. A total of 100 patients were included.

Management of life-threatening hemoptysis.

It is estimated that 5-14% of patients presenting with hemoptysis will have life-threatening hemoptysis, with a reported mortality rate between 9 and 38%. This manuscript provides a comprehensive literature review on life-threatening hemoptysis, including the etiology and mechanisms, initial stabilization, and management of patients. There is no consensus on the optimal diagnostic approach to life-threatening hemoptysis, so we present a practical approach to utilizing chest radiography, computed tomography, and bronchoscopy, alone or in combination, to localize the bleeding site depending on patient stability.

Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide (CGRP) Antagonists and Their Use in Migraines.

Migraine is highly prevalent and associated with a large socio-economic burden in the United States. Current preventive medications have variable efficacy and their use is often limited by intolerable side effects. Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) has been identified as an integral part of migraine pathophysiology.

Examination of Community Participation of Adults With Disabilities: Comparing Age and Disability Onset.

Explore community participation between adults with disabilities ⩽50 and >50 years and between early-(⩽40) and late-(>40) onset disability. A survey examining participation was conducted with a national convenience sample of 692 community-dwelling adults with disabilities. Participants ⩽50 reported presence of more ( < .

Feasibility Trial of Tailored Home Modifications: Process Outcomes.

Objective: The aim of this study was to conduct a process evaluation to examine the implementation of a randomized controlled trial of home modifications designed to reduce the risk of falls and improve daily activity performance among community-dwelling older adults.

Method: A process evaluation was conducted alongside a blinded, randomized sham-controlled trial (n = 92). Participants were followed for 1 yr after intervention.

Person factors and work environments of workers who use mobility devices.

Background: Nearly 25% of people with mobility impairments and limitations who are of working age are employed, yet few studies have examined their perspectives on their jobs or work environments required to complete job tasks.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to describe the factors that contribute to successful employment for those who use mobility devices.

Participants: A convenience sample of 132 workers who use power wheelchairs, manual wheelchairs, canes, crutches or walkers.

Environmental factors item development for persons with stroke, traumatic brain injury, and spinal cord injury.

Objectives: To describe methods used in operationalizing environmental factors; to describe the results of a research project to develop measures of environmental factors that affect participation; and to define an initial item set of facilitators and barriers to participation after stroke, traumatic brain injury, and spinal cord injury.

Design: Instrument development included an extensive literature review, item classification and selection, item writing, and cognitive testing following the approach of the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System.

Setting: Community.

Work environments of people with mobility impairments and limitations: Mobility Device User Work Survey (MWS).

Background: Few studies of employed people who use wheelchairs, canes, crutches or walkers have been reported in the literature. One reason for this paucity of research reports is that surveys are most often made of unemployed individuals with disabilities a defined broadly. Understanding the work site of successfully employed people who use mobility devices requires the development of as survey that can be used to examine the important features of worksite from employees who use mobility devices at their worksites.

Home lighting assessment for clients with low vision.

Objective: The goal was to develop an objective, comprehensive, near-task home lighting assessment for older adults with low vision.

Method: A home lighting assessment was developed and tested with older adults with low vision. Interrater and test-retest reliability studies were conducted.

Preclinical Alzheimer disease and risk of falls.

Objective: We determined the rate of falls among cognitively normal, community-dwelling older adults, some of whom had presumptive preclinical Alzheimer disease (AD) as detected by in vivo imaging of fibrillar amyloid plaques using Pittsburgh compound B (PiB) and PET and/or by assays of CSF to identify Aβ₄₂, tau, and phosphorylated tau.

Methods: We conducted a 12-month prospective cohort study to examine the cumulative incidence of falls. Participants were evaluated clinically and underwent PiB PET imaging and lumbar puncture.

Cognitive, visual, auditory, and emotional factors that affect participation in older adults.

Objective: To determine whether changes in hearing, cognition, depression, and vision affect daily life participation and whether screening tests that identify problems could be used in the home.

Method: Interviewers assessed presence of medical conditions, social class, distance acuity, cognition, hearing, depression, and participation using valid screening tools. Participation scores were subgrouped according to negative or positive results.

Development of a community mobility skills course for people who use mobility devices.

Objective: We assessed mobility device skills in a lived-in environment on a community mobility skills course (CMSC) and related those skills to previously demonstrated skills in a controlled environment on an inside mobility skills course (IMSC).

Method: Six mobility device users were selected from 91 adults who had previously completed the IMSC. Each of the following device groups was represented: power wheelchair, manual wheelchair, scooter, cane, crutch, and walker.

Structural equation modeling of the relationships between participation in leisure activities and community environments by people with mobility impairments.

Objective: To examine the linkages between the constructs of participation and the environment for a set of leisure activities (attending concerts, attending movies, attending sporting events).

Design: Self-report surveys of the influence of the environment on participation were analyzed using structural equation modeling. Temporal, evaluative, and health-related aspects of leisure activities were selected as latent variables associated with participation.