What is the multifactorial efficacy of day-zero ambulation post-total hip replacement surgery: A systematic review.

Objective: To examine the multi-factorial efficacy of day-zero ambulation following primary total hip arthroplasty.

Data Sources: MEDLINE, CINAHL, AMED, EMBASE and APA PsychInfo in accordance with PRISMA guidelines.

Review Methods: Studies were classified for study design and ranked in a hierarchy of evidence.

In-person peer support for critical care survivors: The ICU REcovery Solutions cO-Led through surVivor Engagement (ICURESOLVE) pilot randomised controlled trial.

Background: Peer support is a promising intervention to mitigate post-ICU disability, however there is a paucity of rigorously designed studies.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to establish feasibility of an in-person, co-designed, peer-support model.

Methods: Prospective, randomised, adaptive, single-centre pilot trial with blinded outcome assessment, conducted at a university-affiliated hospital in Melbourne, Australia.

Molecular Imprinting of Benzylpiperazine: A Comparison of the Self-Assembly and Semi-Covalent Approaches.

Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) for benzylpiperazine (BZP, ), an illicit designer drug, were developed by using both self-assembly and semi-covalent approaches. From an array of potential functional monomers (FMs) and using a combination of pre-synthetic interaction studies (by molecular modelling and NMR analysis) and binding assays, the highest performing self-assembly -MIPs were confirmed to result from methacrylic acid () as FM, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) or trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate (TRIM) as crosslinkers and chloroform as the porogen and rebinding solvent at template (T): FM ratios of 1:1 and 1:2, giving imprinting factors (IF) 3 to 7. The semi-covalent -MIPs were designed using benzylpiperazine (4-vinylphenyl) carbamate () as the template-monomer adduct in combination with either EDGMA or TRIM.

Molecular Imprinting Using a Functional Chain Transfer Agent.

This study demonstrates the feasibility of molecular imprinting using a functional chain transfer agent sans a functional monomer. Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA)-based MIPs were synthesised in the presence of thioglycolic acid (TGA) possessing a carboxylic acid group, capable of interacting with the chosen test template ,-(±)-propranolol (PNL) and a labile S-H bond to facilitate an efficient chain transfer reaction. Quantitative H NMR measurements showed high PNL and TGA incorporation within the MIP, indicating an efficient chain transfer process and a favourable interaction between PNL and TGA.

Molecularly Imprinted Polymeric Nanoparticles by Precipitation Polymerization and Characterization by Quantitative NMR Spectroscopy.

An optimized synthetic methodology for the preparation of highly homogeneous MIP nanoparticles by the precipitation method is presented. A quantitative H NMR method that was developed to estimate template incorporation, polymer composition and conversion, and binding capacities and selectivities is also described. While the experiment presented here is exemplified by an MIP formulation using (±)-propranolol as the template, methacrylic acid as the functional monomer and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as the crosslinker, the methods and techniques are applicable to other precipitation MIP systems.

Exercise training decreases intercostal and transversus abdominis muscle blood flows in heart failure rats during submaximal exercise.

Diaphragm muscle blood flow (BF) and vascular conductance (VC) are elevated with chronic heart failure (HF) during exercise. Exercise training (ExT) elicits beneficial respiratory muscle and pulmonary system adaptations in HF. We hypothesized that diaphragm BF and VC would be lower in HF rats following ExT than their sedentary counterparts (Sed).

A multiorganism pipeline for antiseizure drug discovery: Identification of chlorothymol as a novel γ-aminobutyric acidergic anticonvulsant.

Objective: Current medicines are ineffective in approximately one-third of people with epilepsy. Therefore, new antiseizure drugs are urgently needed to address this problem of pharmacoresistance. However, traditional rodent seizure and epilepsy models are poorly suited to high-throughput compound screening.

ATP-sensitive K channel inhibition in rats decreases kidney and skeletal muscle blood flow without increasing sympathetic nerve discharge.

ATP-sensitive K (K) channels contribute to exercise-induced hyperemia in skeletal muscle either locally by vascular hyperpolarization or by sympathoinhibition and decreased sympathetic vasoconstriction. However, mean arterial pressure (MAP) regulation via baroreceptors and subsequent efferent activity may confound assessment of vascular versus neural K channel function. We hypothesized that systemic K channel inhibition via glibenclamide (GLI) would increase MAP without increasing sympathetic nerve discharge (SND).

Synthesis of molecularly imprinted polymers using a functionalized initiator for chiral-selective recognition of propranolol.

We present a new concept of synthesis for preparation of molecularly imprinted polymers using a functionalized initiator to replace the traditional functional monomer. Using propranolol as a model template, a carboxyl-functionalized radical initiator was demonstrated to lead to high-selectivity polymer particles prepared in a standard precipitation polymerization system. When a single enantiomer of propranolol was used as template, the imprinted polymer particles exhibited clear chiral selectivity in an equilibrium binding experiment.

Enablers and Barriers to Implementing ICU Follow-Up Clinics and Peer Support Groups Following Critical Illness: The Thrive Collaboratives.

Objectives: Data are lacking regarding implementation of novel strategies such as follow-up clinics and peer support groups, to reduce the burden of postintensive care syndrome. We sought to discover enablers that helped hospital-based clinicians establish post-ICU clinics and peer support programs, and identify barriers that challenged them.

Design: Qualitative inquiry.

Identification of compounds that rescue otic and myelination defects in the zebrafish () mutant.

Adgrg6 (Gpr126) is an adhesion class G protein-coupled receptor with a conserved role in myelination of the peripheral nervous system. In the zebrafish, mutation of also results in defects in the inner ear: otic tissue fails to down-regulate gene expression and morphogenesis is disrupted. We have designed a whole-animal screen that tests for rescue of both up- and down-regulated gene expression in mutant embryos, together with analysis of weak and strong alleles.

Key mechanisms by which post-ICU activities can improve in-ICU care: results of the international THRIVE collaboratives.

Objective: To identify the key mechanisms that clinicians perceive improve care in the intensive care unit (ICU), as a result of their involvement in post-ICU programs.

Methods: Qualitative inquiry via focus groups and interviews with members of the Society of Critical Care Medicine's THRIVE collaborative sites (follow-up clinics and peer support). Framework analysis was used to synthesize and interpret the data.

Outcomes following radiation for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck: Associations between immune suppression and recurrence.

Background: Data evaluating outcomes and patterns of recurrence following radiation therapy (RT) for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) of the head and neck are limited.

Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of 111 head and neck cSCC patients treated with RT at 4 affiliated institutions.

Results: With median follow-up of 7 months, there were 29 (26%) recurrences, 73% of which were nodal (n = 21).

Evaluation of the implementation of a Tracheostomy Review Services (TRS): an observational cohort study.

It has been suggested that interprofessional tracheostomy teams improve safety, enhance outcomes and promote excellence. This study evaluated the effect of a Tracheostomy Review Service (TRS) on patient outcomes and staff attitudes. The TRS reviewed patients with a tracheostomy tube (TT) on our wards.

Effect of Formulation on the Binding Efficiency and Selectivity of Precipitation Molecularly Imprinted Polymers.

This study investigated the effect of feed formulation: the template:functional monomer (T:fM) and functional monomer:crosslinker (fM:X) ratios as well as the initiator concentration, on the binding performance and selectivity of caffeine (CAF) and theophylline (THP) imprinted polymers obtained by precipitation polymerisation in acetonitrile at 60 °C using methacrylic acid (MAA) and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) as functional monomer and crosslinker, respectively. Template incorporation, monitored by quantitative ¹H-NMR spectroscopy, ranged from 8 to 77% and was found to be more favourable at both high and low T:fM ratios, low fM:X ratio and high initiator concentration. The resulting T:fM ratio in most MIPs were found to be lower than their feed ratios.

Models of Peer Support to Remediate Post-Intensive Care Syndrome: A Report Developed by the Society of Critical Care Medicine Thrive International Peer Support Collaborative.

Objectives: Patients and caregivers can experience a range of physical, psychologic, and cognitive problems following critical care discharge. The use of peer support has been proposed as an innovative support mechanism.

Design: We sought to identify technical, safety, and procedural aspects of existing operational models of peer support, among the Society of Critical Care Medicine Thrive Peer Support Collaborative.

Understanding drinking among midlife men in the United Kingdom: A systematic review of qualitative studies.

Objectives: This study reviews qualitative research into the sociocultural meanings and subjective experiences that midlife men in the United Kingdom (UK) associate with their drinking. In the UK, average weekly alcohol consumption is highest among midlife men, and they are disproportionately affected by alcohol harm. There is increasing recognition that public health messages to support behaviour change must be based on an in-depth understanding of drinking motivations and experiences.

Neuronal nitric oxide synthase regulation of skeletal muscle functional hyperemia: exercise training and moderate compensated heart failure.

Nitric oxide (NO) modulates oxygen delivery-utilization matching in resting and contracting skeletal muscle. Recent reports indicate that neuronal NO synthase (nNOS)-mediated vasoregulation during contractions is enhanced with exercise training and impaired with chronic heart failure (HF). Consequently, we tested the hypothesis that selective nNOS inhibition (S-methyl-l-thiocitrulline; SMTC, 2.

Room temperature synthesis and binding studies of solution-processable histamine-imprinted microspheres.

Accurate quantification of histamine levels in food and in biological samples is important for monitoring the quality of food products and for the detection of pathophysiological conditions. In this study, solution processable histamine-imprinted microspheres were synthesized at 30°C via dilute free radical phototochemical polymerization technique using ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) as the crosslinker and methacrylic acid (MAA) as the monomer. The processability of the resulting polymer is dictated by the monomer feed concentration (eg, 4 wt% 80:20 EGDMA:MAA formulation) and solvent (acetonitrile).

Assessment of the imprinting efficiency of an imide with a "stoichiometric" pyridine-based functional monomer in precipitation polymerisation.

The efficiency of the stoichiometric non-covalent imprinting of the imide 2,3,5-tri-O-acetyluridine (TAU) with 2,6-bis(acrylamido)pyridine (BAAPy) as functional monomer due to their strong donor-acceptor-donor/acceptor-donor-acceptor (DAD/ADA) hydrogen bond array interaction has been evaluated by bulk imprinting. This study is the first to investigate the imprinting and template rebinding efficiencies of the TAU/BAAPy molecularly imprinted polymeric (MIP) system prepared by precipitation polymerisation. We found that the stoichiometric 1:1 T:FM ratio has not been maintained in precipitation polymerisation and an optimal TAU:BAAPy ratio of 1:2.

Computerized System for Safety Verification of External Beam Radiation Therapy Planning.

Purpose: To report an assessment of in-house software, Verifier, developed to improve efficacy and efficiency of the radiation therapy (RT) treatment planning process and quality control review (QCR).

Methods And Materials: Radiation therapy plan parameters retrieved from our treatment planning database are used by automated tests to give 75 types of warnings, such as prescription and plan discrepancies. The software is continuously updated on the basis of new issues, ideas, and planning policies.

Lifecourse transitions, gender and drinking in later life.

Older people consume less alcohol than any other adult age group. However, in recent years survey data on alcohol consumption in the United Kingdom have shown that while younger age groups have experienced a decline in alcohol consumption, drinking behaviours among the elderly have not reduced in the same way. This paper uses data from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing to analyse both the frequency and quantity of older adult's alcohol consumption using a lifecourse approach over a ten-year period.

Assessment of the binding performance of histamine-imprinted microspheres by frontal analysis capillary electrophoresis.

Frontal analysis capillary electrophoresis was used to evaluate the binding performance of molecularly imprinted microspheres (MIM) toward its template histamine and analogs at pH 7, and compared to the high performance liquid chromatographic method. In both methods, batch binding was employed and the binding parameters were calculated from the measured concentration of unbound amine analytes and afforded comparable histamine equilibrium dissociation constants (K ∼ 0.4 mM).