Results of the RVA Breathes randomized controlled trial.

Objective: This study tested a randomized controlled trial of RVA Breathes, a community asthma program, in reducing asthma-related healthcare utilization among children living in an area with a high poverty rate.

Methods: Participants included 250 caregivers (78% African American/Black; 73.3% household income<$25,000/year) and their children with asthma (5-11 years).

Late Paleozoic oxygenation of marine environments supported by dolomite U-Pb dating.

Understanding causal relationships between evolution and ocean oxygenation hinges on reliable reconstructions of marine oxygen levels, typically from redox-sensitive geochemical proxies. Here, we develop a proxy, using dolomite U-Pb geochronology, to reconstruct seawater U/Pb ratios. Dolomite samples consistently give U-Pb dates and initial Pb/Pb ratios lower than expected from their stratigraphic ages.

Randomized Pilot Study of a Keratin-based Topical Cream for Radiation Dermatitis in Breast Cancer Patients.

Radiotherapy (RT) is commonly used in the treatment of breast cancer and often, despite advances in fractionated dosing schedules, produces undesirable skin toxicity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of using a keratin-based topical cream, KeraStat® Cream (KC; KeraNetics, Inc., Winston Salem, NC, USA) to manage the symptoms of radiation dermatitis (RD) in breast cancer patients undergoing RT.

Wnt10b protects cardiomyocytes against doxorubicin-induced cell death via MAPK modulation.

Background: Doxorubicin, an anthracycline chemotherapeutic known to incur heart damage, decreases heart function in up to 11% of patients. Recent investigations have implicated the Wnt signaling cascade as a key modulator of cardiac tissue repair after myocardial infarction. Wnt upregulation in murine models resulted in stimulation of angiogenesis and suppression of fibrosis after ischemic insult.

Changes in caregiver mental health and pediatric asthma control during COVID-19.

Objective: This study evaluated caregivers' stress and depressive symptoms, and children's asthma control, before COVID-19 began and after its onset among families in the RVA Breathes program.

Methods: The RVA Breathes intervention, which took place in an urban city in the United States, includes asthma education delivered by a community health worker (CHW), a home assessment, and school nurse components. Participants included 125 children (5-11 years) with asthma and their caregivers (48% household income <$25,000) enrolled prior to the pandemic.

A multisite randomized controlled trial of an early palliative care intervention in children with advanced cancer: The PediQUEST Response Study Protocol.

Background: The Pediatric Quality of Life and Evaluation of Symptoms Technology Response to Pediatric Oncology Symptom Experience (PQ-Response) intervention aims to integrate specialized pediatric palliative care into the routine care of children, adolescents, and young adults (AYAs) with advanced cancer.

Aims: To evaluate whether PQ-Response, compared to usual care, improves patient's health related quality of life (HRQoL) and symptom burden (aim 1), parent psychological distress and symptom-related stress (aim 2), and family and symptom treatment activation (aim 3).

Design: Multisite, randomized (1:1), controlled, un-blinded, effectiveness trial comparing PediQUEST Response (intervention) vs usual cancer care (control).

Integrated approach for noncommunicable disease management in the Americas.

An overview of an integrated approach to improve noncommunicable disease (NCD) management is presented, along with tools on integrating NCD management as part of health system strengthening in the Americas. The study is based on an analysis of Pan American Health Organization/World Health Organization (PAHO/WHO) data and publicly available information on NCD care and capacity, disruptions in NCD services, and guidance on NCD management. Gaps in NCD care are highlighted, in which an estimated 43.

Vitamin D3 attenuates doxorubicin-induced senescence of human aortic endothelial cells by upregulation of IL-10 via the pAMPKα/Sirt1/Foxo3a signaling pathway.

The toxicity of doxorubicin to the cardiovascular system often limits its benefits and widespread use as chemotherapy. The mechanisms involved in doxorubicin-induced cardiovascular damage and possible protective interventions are not well-explored. Using human aortic endothelial cells, we show vitamin D3 strongly attenuates doxorubicin-induced senescence and cell cycle arrest.

Alcohol Compliance Checks and Underage Alcohol-Involved Crashes: Evaluation of a Statewide Enforcement Program in South Carolina from 2006 to 2016.

Objective: This research evaluated the South Carolina Alcohol Enforcement Team impact for reducing retail alcohol access to underage persons to decrease drinking and driving crashes among that population.

Methods: The natural research experiment used interrupted time-series (ITS) analyses of drinking and driving crashes involving under 21-year-old drivers from July 2006 through December 2016 (126-month period = 4,782 Driving Under Influence [DUI] crashes for under 21-year-old drivers, µ = 38 crashes per month). Additional data analyzed included the monthly total number of retail compliance checks (total during 126-month period = 64,954 compliance checks completed, µ = 515.

MyPref: pilot study of a novel communication and decision-making tool for adolescents and young adults with advanced cancer.

Purpose: Adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with cancer report feeling ill-informed about their cancer treatment options. Tools are needed to inform AYAs about treatment choices and amplify the AYA's voice in medical decision-making. We developed MyPref, a conjoint-analysis based tool that quantifies AYA preferences for future cancer treatments.

Identification of adolescents and young adults' preferences and priorities for future cancer treatment using a novel decision-making tool.

Background: Adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with cancer receive high-intensity care and experience significant symptoms at the end of life. As novel cancer-directed therapies increase, AYAs with advanced cancer may face multiple treatment options, each with unique risk/benefit profiles. To augment the AYAs' voice in the decision-making process, we developed MyPref, an adaptive conjoint analysis-based tool.

A community-based asthma program: Study design and methods of RVA Breathes.

Disparities in pediatric asthma morbidity and healthcare utilization exist on the basis of race, ethnicity, environment, and income; interventions are needed to address these inequities. The following protocol describes an evidence-based intervention, RVA Breathes, designed to coordinate pediatric asthma care across family, home, community, and medical sectors. Community stakeholder feedback was utilized to refine the intervention specifically for the Richmond, Virginia community.

Esketamine Nasal Spray Plus Oral Antidepressant in Patients With Treatment-Resistant Depression: Assessment of Long-Term Safety in a Phase 3, Open-Label Study (SUSTAIN-2).

Objective: To evaluate long-term safety and efficacy of esketamine nasal spray plus a new oral antidepressant (OAD) in patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD).

Methods: This phase 3, open-label, multicenter, long-term (up to 1 year) study was conducted between October 2015 and October 2017. Patients (≥ 18 years) with TRD (DSM-5 diagnosis of major depressive disorder and nonresponse to ≥ 2 OAD treatments) were enrolled directly or transferred from a short-term study (patients aged ≥ 65 years).

Reconsidering early parental grief following the death of a child from cancer: a new framework for future research and bereavement support.

Purpose: Parents of children that die from cancer are at increased risk of significant long-term psychosocial and physical morbidities. Less, however, is known about the experience of parents early in the grief process. Currently used frameworks and instruments used to understand and assess outcomes in parents early in the grief experience are inadequate and may serve to pathologize the normal grief response.

Evaluation of Three-Dimensional Printed, Keratin-Based Hydrogels in a Porcine Thermal Burn Model.

Keratin is a natural material that can be derived from the cortex of human hair. Our group had previously presented a method for the printed, sequential production of three-dimensional (3D) keratin scaffolds. Using a riboflavin-sodium persulfate-hydroquinone (initiator-catalyst-inhibitor) photosensitive solution, we produced 3D keratin-based constructs through ultraviolet crosslinking in a lithography-based 3D printer.

Signage Interventions for Stair Climbing at Work: More than 700,000 Reasons for Caution.

Increased stair climbing reduces cardiovascular disease risk. While signage interventions for workplace stair climbing offer a low-cost tool to improve population health, inconsistent effects of intervention occur. Pedestrian movement within the built environment has major effects on stair use, independent of any health initiative.

Metamorphism and the evolution of plate tectonics.

Earth's mantle convection, which facilitates planetary heat loss, is manifested at the surface as present-day plate tectonics. When plate tectonics emerged and how it has evolved through time are two of the most fundamental and challenging questions in Earth science. Metamorphic rocks-rocks that have experienced solid-state mineral transformations due to changes in pressure (P) and temperature (T)-record periods of burial, heating, exhumation and cooling that reflect the tectonic environments in which they formed.

Health systems strengthening for noncommunicable disease control and healthy aging: integrated actions in Aruba and Curaçao.

Caribbean countries are experiencing social, epidemiological, and demographic transitions shaped by the growing elderly population and the rise of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs)-now responsible for 78% of all deaths. These circumstances demand rethinking the model of care to improve health outcomes and build more sustainable health systems with new orientations in policy, service delivery, organization, training, technology, and financing. Policy must be aimed towards healthy living, leveraging interventions that ensure healthy aging.

Correction: How do paper and electronic records compare for completeness? A three centre study.

Following the publication of the above article the authors noted an error in the author list, 2 authors were mistakenly omitted. Zena Rodrigues and Faisal Ahmed have now been added to the author list and the PDF and HTML versions of the paper have been corrected.

Identifying and Quantifying Adolescent and Young Adult Patient Preferences in Cancer Care: Development of a Conjoint Analysis-Based Decision-Making Tool.

Compared with younger children and older adults, adolescent and young adult (AYA) patients with cancer receive more intensive end-of-life (EOL) care. We hypothesize that enhanced understanding of AYA preferences, increased engagement of these patients in decision-making, and improved communication of their preferences with family members and the medical team will lead to increased provision of goal-concordant care and decreased intensity of EOL care. In this study, we describe the development of a novel tool that quantifies the relative importance of numerous factors considered by AYA patients with cancer, their parents, and health care providers when choosing between treatment options.

How do paper and electronic records compare for completeness? A three centre study.

Objectives: Medical records are legal documentation of patients' care hence must be accurate and complete for both medical and legal purposes. Electronic patient record (EPR) systems aim to improve the accuracy of documentation, provide better organisation and access of data. This study compares the completeness of traditional note records and EPR in glaucoma patients.

Seroprevalence of economically important viral pathogens in swine populations of Trinidad and Tobago, West Indies.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the seroprevalence and identify the strains of swine influenza virus (SwIV), as well as the seroprevalence of porcine parvovirus (PPV), transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), porcine respiratory coronavirus (PRCV), porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV-2), and classical swine fever virus (CSFV) in pigs in Trinidad and Tobago (T&T). Blood samples (309) were randomly collected from pigs at farms throughout T&T. Serum samples were tested for the presence of antibodies to the aforementioned viruses using commercial ELISA kits, and the circulating strains of SwIV were identified by the hemagglutination inhibition test (HIT).