Gastric coinfection with thiopeptide-positive decreases FOXM1 and pro-inflammatory biomarker expression in a murine model of -induced gastric cancer.

infects half of the world population and is the leading cause of gastric cancer. We previously demonstrated that gastric cancer risk is associated with gastric microbiota. Specifically, gastric urease-positive and had contrasting effects on -associated gastric pathology and immune responses in germ-free INS-GAS mice.

Effects of chronic Helicobacter pylori strain PMSS1 infection on whole brain and gastric iron homeostasis in male INS-GAS mice.

Iron deficiency, the most common micronutrient deficiency in humans, is associated with long-term deficits in cognition and memory if left untreated. Infection with the gastric pathogen Helicobacter pylori has been linked to iron deficiency anemia (IDA). The H.

Five-year results of Amaze: a randomized controlled trial of adjunct surgery for atrial fibrillation.

Objectives: The Amaze trial showed that adding atrial fibrillation (AF) surgery to cardiac operations increased return to sinus rhythm (SR) without impact on quality of life or survival at 2 years. We report outcomes to 5 years.

Methods: In a multicentre, phase III, pragmatic, double-blind, randomized controlled superiority trial, cardiac surgery patients with >3 months of AF were randomized 1:1 to adjunct AF surgery or control.

Gastric Non-Helicobacter pylori Urease-Positive Staphylococcus epidermidis and Streptococcus salivarius Isolated from Humans Have Contrasting Effects on H. pylori-Associated Gastric Pathology and Host Immune Responses in a Murine Model of Gastric Cancer.

In populations with similar prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection, cancer risk can vary dramatically. Changes in composition or structure of bacterial communities in the stomach, either at the time of exposure or over the course of H. pylori infection, may contribute to gastric pathology.

and infection in a colony of research macaques: characterization and clinical correlates.

( type 1) commonly infects nonhuman primates but its clinical importance is in question. To characterize infection in a colony of rhesus macaques () used in cognitive neuroscience research. Inquiries into the nature of in nonhuman primates are required to further define the organism's virulence and the experimental animal's gastric microbiome.

Draft Genome Sequence of a Mycobacterium porcinum Strain Isolated from a Pet Cat with Atypical Mycobacterial Panniculitis.

A fast-growing species was cultured from draining, purulent lesions on the caudal abdomen of a 12-year-old male domestic long-haired cat. Whole-genome sequencing identified the organism as .

antibiotic eradication coupled with a chemically defined diet in INS-GAS mice triggers dysbiosis and vitamin K deficiency resulting in gastric hemorrhage.

Infection with causes chronic inflammation and is a risk factor for gastric cancer. Antibiotic treatment or increased dietary folate prevents gastric carcinogenesis in male INS-GAS mice. To determine potential synergistic effects, -infected male INS-GAS mice were fed an amino acid defined (AAD) diet with increased folate and were treated with antibiotics after 18 weeks of infection.

Detection of in Fur Swab and Fecal Samples by Using PCR Analysis.

Current methods for detecting mites in mouse colonies have limitations in terms of cost, accuracy, and throughput. To address these limitations, we developed PCR assays to detect in fecal samples. Using a newly generated ribosomal RNA sequence of (MC28S), we developed PCR and qPCR assays capable of detecting mites or eggs ingested during grooming.

Cutaneous Dermatophilosis in a Meadow Jumping Mouse ().

A laboratory-housed, wild-caught, subadult, male meadow jumping mouse (Zapus hudsonius) presented with extensive scaling of the face, limbs, and tail and severe edema of the paws. Postmortem examination revealed marked distal limb edema with focal digital hematomas and white scales, scabs, and crusts affecting the majority of nonhaired skin. Histopathologic analysis revealed severe, multifocal, chronic-active exudative and proliferative dermatitis characterized by multilaminated crusts covering the epidermis.

Interleukin-22 drives nitric oxide-dependent DNA damage and dysplasia in a murine model of colitis-associated cancer.

The risk of colon cancer is increased in patients with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Inflammation-induced DNA damage could be an important link between inflammation and cancer, although the pathways that link inflammation and DNA damage are incompletely defined. RAG2-deficient mice infected with Helicobacter hepaticus (Hh) develop colitis that progresses to lower bowel cancer.

Helicobacter saguini, a Novel Helicobacter Isolated from Cotton-Top Tamarins with Ulcerative Colitis, Has Proinflammatory Properties and Induces Typhlocolitis and Dysplasia in Gnotobiotic IL-10-/- Mice.

A urease-negative, fusiform, novel bacterium named Helicobacter saguini was isolated from the intestines and feces of cotton-top tamarins (CTTs) with chronic colitis. Helicobacter sp. was detected in 69% of feces or intestinal samples from 116 CTTs.

Hypervitaminosis D and Metastatic Calcification in a Colony of Inbred Strain 13 Guinea Pigs, Cavia porcellus.

A commercial diet fed to a colony of inbred strain 13 guinea pigs for approximately 6 weeks was subsequently recalled for excessive levels of vitamin D. Twenty-one of 62 animals exhibited clinical signs, including anorexia, lethargy, and poor body condition. Nine affected and 4 clinically normal animals were euthanized for further evaluation, including serum chemistry, urinalysis, and gross and/or histopathology.

Renal infarction and immune-mediated glomerulonephritis in sheep (Ovis aries) chronically implanted with indwelling catheters.

Microbial infections are common sequelae in humans and animals implanted with long-term intravascular catheters. Understanding the pathophysiology of infectious morbidity is critical to improving quality of care in catheterized subjects. Here, we describe findings in 6 clinically healthy, male sheep implanted with indwelling aortic or cardiac catheters for 6 to 10 mo.

Age is no barrier to muscle structural, biochemical and angiogenic adaptations to training up to 24 months in female rats.

Ageing is associated with reduced transport and utilization of O(2), diminishing exercise tolerance. Reductions may occur in cardiac output (delivery), and skeletal muscle oxidative capacity (utilization). To determine the reversibility of the declines in the muscular determinants of these limitations, skeletal muscle morphological, angiogenic and biochemical responses to acute exercise and endurance training were investigated in female Fischer 344 rats (n = 42; seven groups of six rats) aged 6 (Y) and 24 (O) months compared with resting untrained controls (Y(C), O(C)).

NF-kappa B is required within the innate immune system to inhibit microflora-induced colitis and expression of IL-12 p40.

We have previously presented evidence demonstrating that mice deficient in NF-kappaB subunits are susceptible to colitis induced by the pathogenic enterohepatic Helicobacter species, H. hepaticus. However, it has not been determined whether NF-kappaB is required within inhibitory lymphocyte populations, within cells of the innate immune system, or both, to suppress inflammation.

Presentation of exogenous antigens on major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and MHC class II molecules is differentially regulated during dendritic cell maturation.

During maturation, dendritic cells (DCs) regulate their capacity to process and present major histocompatibility complex (MHC) II-restricted antigens. Here we show that presentation of exogenous antigens by MHC I is also subject to developmental control, but in a fashion strikingly distinct from MHC II. Immature mouse bone marrow-derived DCs internalize soluble ovalbumin and sequester the antigen intracellularly until they receive an appropriate signal that induces cross presentation.

The immunosuppressive agent 15-deoxyspergualin functions by inhibiting cell cycle progression and cytokine production following naive T cell activation.

Immunosuppressive agents are commonly used in the prevention of graft rejection following transplantation and in the treatment of autoimmunity. In this study, we examined the immunosuppressive mechanism of the drug 15-deoxyspergualin (DSG), which has shown efficacy in the enhancement of graft survival and in the treatment of autoimmunity. Using a murine model of chronic relapsing and remitting experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, we were able to demonstrate that DSG both delayed and reduced the severity of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.

Nonclassical behavior of the mouse CD1 class I-like molecule.

The mouse CD1 (mCD1) molecule is a class I-like molecule that is encoded outside of the MHC. We show here that mCD1 shares several properties with Ag-presenting class I molecules, including a requirement for beta2-microglobulin for stable cell-surface expression in T lymphocyte transfectants and thymocytes. mCD1 is also capable of binding to mouse CD8alphabeta heterodimers participating in the activation of CD8+ T cells in a manner similar to classical class I molecules.

Antigen-presenting function of the mouse CD1 molecule.

CD1 molecules are distantly related to major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-encoded class I molecules, and they are coexpressed with beta2 microglobulin (beta2m). In the mouse, CD1 is expressed by intestinal epithelial cells and also by some cells in spleen and lymph node. We have shown that surface expression of mouse CD1 (mCD1) is not dependent upon a functional transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP).

Antigen-presenting function of the TL antigen and mouse CD1 molecules.

The hallmark of all the nonclassical antigen-presenting molecules, including nonclassical class I and nonclassical class II (Karlsson et al. 1992) molecules, is their lack of polymorphism. It is presumed, therefore, that these nonclassical molecules must have a distinct antigen-presenting function in which polymorphism is not advantageous.

Peptide binding and presentation by mouse CD1.

CD1 molecules are distantly related to the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I proteins. They are of unknown function. Screening random peptide phage display libraries with soluble empty mouse CD1 (mCD1) identified a peptide binding motif.

Nonclassical behavior of the thymus leukemia antigen: peptide transporter-independent expression of a nonclassical class I molecule.

The thymus leukemia (TL) antigen is a major histocompatibility complex-encoded nonclassical class I molecule. Here we present data demonstrating that expression of the TL antigen, unlike other class I molecules, is completely independent of the function of the transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP). The TL antigen is expressed by transfected TAP-2-deficient RMA-S cells when these cells are grown at 37 degrees C.

Structure and function of H-2 T (Tla) region class I MHC molecules.

The T region of the mouse major histocompatibility complex (MHC) encodes a relatively large number of nonclassical or nonpolymorphic class I genes. In BALB/c mice, at least five of these genes are likely to encode a functional class I gene product. Some of these T region products are ubiquitously expressed, while others are expressed by just a few tissues.

The alpha 3 domain of the Qa-2 molecule is defective for CD8 binding and cytotoxic T lymphocyte activation.

Qa-2 is a nonclassical class I molecule encoded by the Q7 gene within the mouse major histocompatibility complex (MHC). Results from previous experiments on Qa-2, and on a chimeric Ld molecule (LQ3) in which the alpha 3 domain is encoded by Q7b, suggested that the alpha 3 domain of Qa-2 does not carry out the functions typical of the alpha 3 domains in other classical and nonclassical class I antigens. Class I molecules that contain the Qa-2 alpha 3 domain are poorly recognized by primary cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), and do not function normally in either positive or negative selection in vivo.