Modulation of Multispecific Transporters by Extract and Its Major Phytoconstituents.

One of the major risks associated with the concomitant use of herbal products and therapeutic drugs is herb-drug interactions (HDIs). The most common mechanism leading to HDIs is the inhibition and/or induction of transport proteins and drug-metabolizing enzymes by herbal ingredients, causing changes in the pharmacokinetic disposition of the victim drug. The present study aimed to determine the potential interactions of (UT) (cat's claw), a popular herb due to its supposed health benefits.

Phytochemical and pharmacological investigation of the non-volatile compounds of Lepidium cartilagineum (J. C. Mayer) Thell. and determination of the essential oil composition of its flowers and fruits.

Eighteen compounds, among them phenylpropanoids (1-2), neolignans (3-9), a megastigmane (10), a phenyl glucoside (11), flavonoids (12-14), and N-containing compounds (15-18) were isolated from the methanolic extract of the whole plant of L. cartilagineum. The structures of the compounds were determined by NMR and MS measurements.

Euphane and Tirucallane Triterpenes with Trypanocidal Activity from .

The phytochemical investigation of resulted in the isolation of 15 previously undescribed triterpenoids (desmondiins A, C-P) and 8 already described compounds. The structures of the isolated compounds were determined by extensive spectroscopic analyses. The compounds were identified as tirucallane and euphane triterpenes based on 7-keto-8-ene, 11-keto-8-ene, or 7,11-diketo-8-ene skeletons.

Study of phenanthrenes from their unique mass spectrometric behavior through quantum chemical calculations to liquid chromatographic quantitation.

Phenanthrenes and their derivatives have biological relevance owing to their antimicrobial, antioxidant, and cytotoxic effects on cancer cells. They can be efficiently analyzed through ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/HRMS). Herein, we first studied the unique fragmentation behavior of phenanthrenes based on direct infusion MS/HRMS analysis.

Synergistic effect of phenylpropanoids and flavonoids with antibiotics against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains.

Context: The increase in bacterial resistance to currently available medications, which increases mortality rates, treatment costs is a global problem, and highlights the need for novel classes of antibacterial agents or new molecules that interact synergistically with antimicrobials.

Objective: The current work explores the potential synergistic effects of certain natural phenylpropanoids and flavonoids on ciprofloxacin (CIP), ampicillin (AMP), gentamicin (GEN), and tetracycline (TET).

Materials And Methods: The adjuvant role of cinnamic acid, -coumaric acid, caffeic acid, ferulic acid, ferulic acid methyl ester, sinapic acid, apigenin, and luteolin was evaluated by determining the MIC (minimal inhibitory concentration) values of antibiotics in the presence of subinhibitory concentrations (200, 100, and/or 50 µM) of the compounds in Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains using a 2-fold broth microdilution method.

Phenanthrenes from with Antibacterial and Biofilm Formation Inhibitory Activity.

Continuing our search for bioactive compounds in species from the Juncaceae family, was investigated. Ten previously undescribed phenanthrenes─articulins A-J (-)─and ten known compounds─juncuenin B, dehydrojuncuenin B, juncatrin B, ensifolins E, F, H, I, K, juncuenin D, and luzulin A (-)─along with other compounds, have been isolated and identified. The isolated compounds were evaluated for antibacterial activity against , , methicillin-susceptible (MSSA), and methicillin-resistant (MRSA).

New Members of the Centrapalus Coumarin and Pauciflorin Series from .

Monoterpene and 5-methylcoumarin- or 5-methylchromone-coupled meroterpenoids occurring mainly in the Asteraceae species proved to have high potency against protozoans, worms, and various tumor cells, which make them interesting targets for searching for new bioactive compounds. The African plant was applied in traditional medicine for healing chest pain and stomach aches. Three new meroterpenoids named centrapalus coumarin N (), pauciflorins P (), and Q (), and the already known cyclohoehnelia coumarin (), were isolated from the chloroform extract of , together with centrapalus coumarin O (), which was obtained for the first time from a natural source.

Phytochemical Investigation of Schreb. and ACE-Inhibitory Activity of Oligomer Stilbenes of the Plant.

Phenolic compounds are the main special metabolites of Cyperaceae species from phytochemical, pharmacological, and chemotaxonomical points of view. The present study focused on the isolation, structure determination, and pharmacological investigation of constituents from . Twenty-six compounds, including lignans, stilbenes, flavonoids, megastigmanes, chromenes, and phenylpropanoids, were identified from the methanol extract of the plant.

Testing the Simplified Molecular Dynamics Approach to Improve the Reproduction of ECD Spectra and Monitor Aggregation.

A simplified molecular-dynamics-based electronic circular dichroism (ECD) approach was tested on three condensed derivatives with limited conformational flexibility and an isochroman-2-chromene hybrid, the ECD spectra of which could not be precisely reproduced by the conventional ECD calculation protocol. Application of explicit solvent molecules at the molecular mechanics (MD) level in the dynamics simulations and subsequent TDDFT-ECD calculation for the unoptimized MD structures was able to improve the agreements between experimental and computed spectra. Since enhancements were achieved even for molecules with limited conformational flexibility, deformations caused by the solvent molecules and multitudes of conformers produced with unoptimized geometries seem to be key factors for better agreement.

C-diterpene alkaloids from lipsky.

The genus is a rich source of diterpene alkaloids. Chemical investigation on an alkaloid rich extract of the whole parts of resulted in the isolation of three C-diterpene alkaloids () and a palmitic acid derivative (). The chemical structures were elucidated by analysis of 1D and 2D-NMR and comparison the data with those reported in the literature.

Diverse diterpenoids and a triterpenoid from Euphorbia spinidens Bornm. ex Prokh.

Four previously unreported diterpenoids including three ent-atisanes (1-3) and one ent-abietane (4), along with one known linear triterpenoid (5) and five known diterpenoids including four myrsinanes (6-9), and one abietane (10) have been isolated from the roots of Euphorbia spinidens Bornm. ex Prokh. The structures were determined on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analyses including HR-ESI-MS, 1D and 2D NMR and comparison of the data with those reported in the literature.

Indonesian Euphorbiaceae: Ethnobotanical Survey, In Vitro Antibacterial, Antitumour Screening and Phytochemical Analysis of .

Indonesia is among the countries with the most significant biodiversity globally. , the traditional medicine of Indonesia, predominantly uses herbal materials and is an integral component of the Indonesian healthcare system. The present study reviewed the ethnobotanical data of seven Indonesian Euphorbiaceae species, namely , , , , , , and , based on the RISTOJA database and other literature sources.

Quantitative Evaluation of Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Values, ISUP Grades and Prostate-Specific Antigen Density Values of Potentially Malignant PI-RADS Lesions.

The aim of this study was to demonstrate the correlation between ADC values and the ADC/PSAD ratio for potentially malignant prostate lesions classified into ISUP grades and to determine threshold values to differentiate benign lesions (noPCa), clinically insignificant (nsPCa) and clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa). We enrolled a total of 403 patients with 468 prostate lesions, of which 46 patients with 50 lesions were excluded for different reasons. Therefore, 357 patients with a total of 418 prostate lesions remained for the final evaluation.

Furanonaphthoquinones, Diterpenes, and Flavonoids from Sweet Marjoram and Investigation of Antimicrobial, Bacterial Efflux, and Biofilm Formation Inhibitory Activities.

The chloroform extract of exhibited high antibacterial and antifungal activities against 12 bacterial and 4 fungal strains; therefore, it was subjected to bioassay-guided isolation to afford six compounds (-). The structures were determined via one- and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic spectroscopy and high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry experiments. The compounds were identified as furanonaphthoquinones [majoranaquinone (), 2,3-dimethylnaphtho[2,3-]furan-4,9-dione ()], diterpenes [19-hydroxyabieta-8,11,13-trien-7-one (), 13,14-seco-13-oxo-19-hydroxyabieta-8-en-14-al ()], and flavonoids [sterubin () and majoranin ()].

Anticancer Meroterpenoids from leaves: Chromone- and 2,4-Chromadione-Monoterpene Derivatives.

Eight previously undescribed chromones, named pauciflorins F-M and two 5-methyl-2,4-chromadione derivatives named as pauciflorins N and O, were isolated from the methanol extract of the leaves of (Willd.) H.Rob.

Performance evaluation of two different software programs for automated ASPECTS scoring in patients with suspected stroke.

Background: The range of software available to radiologists has increased enormously with the advancement of AI. A good example of this is software to determine ASPECTS in the treatment of potential stroke patients.

Objective: In this study, two software packages (eASPECTS from Brainomix and VIA_ASPECTS from Siemens) were tested and compared for their performance in the daily clinical routine of a maximum care provider with a 24/7 stroke unit.

Isolation of compounds from the roots of and their effects on human cancer cell lines.

Common ragweed ( L.) is an invasive plant in Europe with spreading use in the contemporary folk medicine. The chemical composition of the above-ground parts is extensively studied, however, the metabolites of the roots are less discovered.

Isolation and NMR Scaling Factors for the Structure Determination of Lobatolide H, a Flexible Sesquiterpene from .

A new flexible germacranolide (, lobatolide H) was isolated from the aerial parts of . The structure elucidation was performed by classical NMR experiments and DFT NMR calculations. Altogether, 80 theoretical level combinations with existing C NMR scaling factors were tested, and the best performing ones were applied on .

Pauciflorins A-E, Unexpected Chromone-Monoterpene-Derived Meroterpenoids from .

Five unusual meroterpenoids based on new carbon skeletons, pauciflorins A-E (-), were isolated by multistep chromatographic separations of a methanol extract of the aerial parts of . Compounds - are derived by the connection of a 2-nor-chromone and a monoterpene unit, whereas and are dihydrochromone-monoterpene adducts with a rarely occurring orthoester functionality. The structures were solved using 1D and 2D NMR, HRESIMS, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction.

An overview of the traditional use, phytochemistry, and biological activity of the genus Homalanthus.

Homalanthus species are native to tropical Asia and the Pacific region. This genus, comprising 23 accepted species, received less scientific attention compared to other genera of the Euphorbiaceae family. Seven Homalanthus species, such as H.