Friction knot terminology is inconsistent in veterinary surgery.

The objective of this study was to determine the nomenclature for friction knots commonly used by veterinary surgeons. Veterinary surgeons certified by the American College of Veterinary Surgeons (ACVS) or the European College of Veterinary Surgeons (ECVS) were recruited through email listings available on the websites of veterinary schools and the ACVS to participate in a survey on this subject. Participation was also solicited through the ACVS Facebook page, the Society of Veterinary Soft Tissue Surgery, and the Veterinary Orthopedic Society.

The effect of intramuscular atipamezole on head height and sedation scores in detomidine-sedated horses.

Objective: To assess the effect of two different doses of intramuscular atipamezole on head height (HH) in horses after sedation with detomidine.

Study Design: Randomized, blinded, triple crossover study.

Animals: Eight healthy adult horses.

The Veterinary Student Survey on Patient Safety Culture (VSSPSC): A Quantitative and Qualitative Exploration of American Veterinary Students' Perceptions of Patient Safety Culture.

Patient safety culture (PSC) is a multidimensional construct that reflects the way healthcare organizations promote safe patient care. Veterinary students are explicitly and implicitly indoctrinated into organizational cultures and will carry these attitudes and behaviors into their future work. In this study, we evaluated the psychometric properties of a PSC survey among veterinary students in the United States and investigated their attitudes toward PSC.

Qualitative Analysis of Intern Applications and its Relationship to Performance.

This study aimed to identify qualitative aspects of small animal veterinary internship applications that are associated with relative intern performance. This study took place with data collected on small animal interns from the 2015-2016, 2016-2017, and 2017-2018 intern classes from four different institutions. Applicants were divided into top-performers and bottom-performers by sorting the calculated overall scores from highest to lowest, labeling the top half of interns as "top-performers," and the lower half of interns as "bottom-performers.

Shear-wave elastography of canine patellar tendons in healthy dogs and the influence of stifle joint angle.

Elastography is a sonographic modality that measures tissue stiffness, a mechanical property of tissues, and a biomarker for disease. Canine musculoskeletal application to the patellar tendon has been limited to semiqualitative strain elastography. This prospective study aimed to quantitatively evaluate patellar tendon stiffness using shear-wave elastography with a color map superimposed over the tendon, a propagation map for quality control, and measurements at specific regions of interest in 16 clinically normal sedated dogs weighing 25 kg or greater.

Comparison of Bending Stiffness between String of Pearls Plate-Bone Substitute Constructs with and without Bending Tees in a Fracture Gap Model.

Objective:  The aim of this study was to compare the bending properties of String of Pearls plate-bone substitute constructs with and without bending tees in the nodes over a simulated fracture gap. It is hypothesized that the constructs with tees will have higher bending stiffness.

Study Design:  Acetal polymer tubes and 12-hole, 3.

The effects of alfaxalone on cardiac and pulmonary vascular size in cats evaluated by thoracic radiography and echocardiography.

Alfaxalone is a neuroactive steroid that modulates the GABA receptor, which has shown recent widespread use as a sedative and anesthetic agent in cats, especially in patients being screened for cardiovascular disease. This prospective, partially blinded, randomized experimental study aimed to determine if sedation with alfaxalone would alter the appearance of the cardiac silhouette or pulmonary vasculature on thoracic radiographs or echocardiographic indices of cardiac or pulmonary vascular size. Eleven apparently healthy adult cats were recruited from a research colony.

Little Brown Bats (Myotis lucifugus) Are Resistant to SARS-CoV-2 Infection.

It has been proposed that the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus that spread through human populations as a pandemic originated in Asian bats. There is concern that infected humans could transmit the virus to native North American bats; therefore, the susceptibility of several North American bat species to the pandemic virus has been experimentally assessed. Big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus) were shown to be resistant to infection by SARS-CoV-2, whereas Mexican free-tailed bats (Tadarida brasiliensis) became infected and orally excreted moderate amounts of virus for up to 18 d postinoculation.

A retrospective case-control study evaluating systemic blood pressure and heart rate in dogs with brain herniation under general anesthesia.

Objective: To examine whether increased systemic arterial blood pressure (ABP) and decreased heart rate (HR) under inhalant anesthesia were suggestive of the Cushing reflex (CR) in dogs with neurological diseases based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings.

Study Design: Retrospective case-control study.

Animals: A sample of 137 client-owned dogs admitted to two veterinary teaching hospitals for diagnosis and patient care owing to suspected intracranial disease from 2005 to 2020.

Ultrasound-guided and 'blind' sciatic nerve injection techniques: Comparison in rat cadavers.

Objective: To compare the success rate and extent of sciatic nerve staining with a bupivacaine-dye solution using two injection techniques: 'blind' or ultrasound-guided approach.

Study Design: Prospective, experimental, randomized, cadaveric study.

Animals: Adult female Wistar rat cadavers [n = 24, mass 352 g (323-374)].

Comparison of atlantoaxial and lumbosacral cerebrospinal fluid centesis techniques in South American camelids.

Background: Iatrogenic blood contamination during cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) centesis is common, which can limit the diagnostic usefulness of the sample. A novel ultrasound-guided CSF collection technique is described in horses, by which CSF is obtained from the atlantoaxial (AA) space.

Hypothesis/objectives: To compare ultrasound-guided AA centesis with lumbosacral (LS) centesis in South American camelids (SAC).

Serologic Survey of Selected Arthropod-Borne Pathogens in Free-Ranging Snowshoe Hares (Lepus americanus) Captured in Northern Michigan, USA.

Snowshoe hares (Lepus americanus) in the Upper Peninsula (UP) of Michigan, USA, occupy the southern periphery of the species' range and are vulnerable to climate change. In the eastern UP, hares are isolated by the Great Lakes, potentially exacerbating exposure to climate-change-induced habitat alterations. Climate change is also measurably affecting distribution and prevalence of vector-borne pathogens in North America, and increases in disease occurrence and prevalence can be one signal of climate-stressed wildlife populations.

Small animal veterinary clients prefer veterinarians to decide when to terminate resuscitation and to be informed after cardiopulmonary resuscitation efforts.

Objective: To identify the preferences of small animal veterinary clients for the timing of communication during CPR and whether these clients prefer the veterinarian or pet owner to decide on the termination of resuscitation.

Sample: Surveys (n = 1,648) were completed between January 20 and February 3, 2023, by clients of the Wilford and Kate Bailey Small Animal Teaching Hospital.

Methods: This cross-sectional observational study used an anonymous internet-based survey distributed to 28,000 clients of an academic small animal veterinary hospital.

Ultrasound-guided sciatic nerve block in Wistar rat cadavers: Relevant anatomy and injection distribution.

Objective: To investigate the feasibility of an ultrasound-guided sciatic nerve block by describing the sonoanatomy and comparing the distribution of two volumes of bupivacaine dye solution for nerve staining.

Study Design: Randomized, experimental, assessor-blinded cadaveric study.

Animals: A total of 40 adult female Wistar rat cadavers.

Effect of a single intravenous injection of branched chain amino acids on body temperature of cats undergoing general anesthesia.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of a single intravenous injection of branched chain amino acids (BCAAs) on body temperature in cats undergoing general anesthesia.

Study Design: Prospective, blinded, randomized, crossover, experimental study.

Animals: A total of 10 healthy adult cats (five female and five male).

Late approach for LASIK flap striae.

A 24-year-old man was referred for postrefractive surgery evaluation. The patient had a history of uneventful laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) in both eyes 3 months previously. According to the surgeon who originally performed the surgery, on slitlamp examination, only microstriae in the left eye was detected on postoperative day 1 and a more conservative follow-up approach was adopted without further immediate intervention.

Considerations for colorblind individuals on selecting colorimetric or fluorescent dye assay outcomes.

A disadvantage of colorimetric detection in nucleic acid amplification assays is the possibility that a colorblind individual may interpret colors differently than observers with full-color vision. Using an isothermal amplification assay, the ability of colorblind individuals to distinguish between positive and negative results for four dyes was tested. Five individuals with self-reported colorblindness and four with full-color vision reported their observations of the color of the solution.

Patient safety culture is needed in veterinary medicine.

Studies in human medicine indicate that between 22,000 and 400,000 people die every year as a direct result of medical errors. In veterinary medicine, 42% of human-caused incidents caused harm to the patient, including 5% resulting in death. In a university veterinary teaching hospital, there were 5.

Alignment and photooxidation dynamics of a perylene diimide chromophore in lipid bilayers.

We present a method of enabling photochemical reactions in water by using biomimetic, water-soluble liposomes and a specifically functionalized perylene diimide chromophore. Linking two flexible saturated C4-alkyl chains with terminal positively charged trimethylammonium groups to the rigid perylene diimide core yielded 1 allowing for its co-assembly at the lipid bilayer interface of DOPG liposomes (DOPG = 1,2-dioleoyl--3-phospho-(1'--glycerol)) with a preferred orientation and in close proximity to the water interface. According to molecular dynamics simulations the chromophore aligns preferably parallel to the membrane surface which is supported by confocal microscopy.

The effect of age on the induction dose of propofol for general anesthesia in dogs.

Objective: In people, the dose of propofol (DOP) required for procedural sedation and anesthesia decreases significantly with age. The objective of this study was to determine if the DOP required to perform endotracheal intubation decreases with age in dogs.

Study Design: Retrospective case series.

Resident Selection Criteria in Veterinary Medicine.

With the continued rise of interest and need for veterinary specialists, information regarding optimal selection criteria for successful residency candidates has been lacking in veterinary medicine. A 28-question online survey was developed to determine prioritized resident selection criteria, the importance of formal interviews, and residency supervisor satisfaction with the current selection process. This survey was sent to all programs listed by the Veterinary Internship and Residency Matching Program (VIRMP) for the 2019-2020 program year.

Retrospective analysis of postoperative complications following surgical treatment of ileal impaction in horses managed with manual decompression compared to jejunal enterotomy.

Objective: The objective of this study was to compare the occurrence of post-operative complications and survival to discharge in horses with ileal impactions resolved by manual decompression compared with jejunal enterotomy.

Animals: A total of 121 client-owned horses undergoing surgical correction of an ileal impaction at three teaching hospitals.

Materials And Methods: Data from the medical records of horses undergoing surgical correction of an ileal impaction was retrospectively collected.

Comparison of magnetic bead and rapid swab RNA extraction methods for detecting rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus 2 in rabbit liver samples.

We compared a bead RNA extraction method with a one-tube method that required only a heat block and ice. RNA was first extracted from liver samples from nine rabbits dying from rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus 2 (RHDV2) using magnetic beads, and RT-PCR was used to detect RHDV2 sequence. Following freezing, RNA was extracted a second time using the SwiftX™ Swabs Viral RNA Extraction Reagent.