Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgeries on the Female Genitalia. Guideline of the DGGG, DGPRÄC, OEGGG and SGGG (S2k-Level, AWMF Registry No. 009/019, May 2022).

This official guideline was coordinated and published by the German Society for Gynaecology and Obstetrics (DGGG), the German Society for Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery (DGPRÄC), the Austrian Society for Gynaecology and Obstetrics (OEGGG), and the Swiss Society for Gynaecology and Obstetrics (SGGG). The guideline aims to provide a consensus-based overview of reconstructive and aesthetic surgeries on female genitalia based on an evaluation of the relevant literature. This S2k-guideline was developed by representative members from different medical professions on behalf of the guidelines commission of the DGGG, DGPRÄC, OEGGG and SGGG using a structured consensus process.

Factors associated with an increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection in healthcare workers in aerosol-generating disciplines.

Background: Healthcare workers (HCWs) are at a high risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection due to exposure to potentially infectious material, especially during aerosol-generating procedures (AGP). We aimed to investigate risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection among HCWs in medical disciplines with AGP.

Methods: A nationwide questionnaire-based study in private practices and hospital settings was conducted between 12/16/2020 and 01/24/2021.

SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination Rate and SARS-CoV-2 Infection of Health Care Workers in Aerosol-Generating Medical Disciplines.

Healthcare workers (HCW) who perform aerosol-generating procedures (AGP) are at high risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Data on infection rates and vaccination are limited. A nationwide, cross-sectional study focusing on AGP-related specialties was conducted between 3 May 2021 and 14 June 2021.

Oncoplastic breast consortium recommendations for mastectomy and whole breast reconstruction in the setting of post-mastectomy radiation therapy.

Aim: Demand for nipple- and skin- sparing mastectomy (NSM/SSM) with immediate breast reconstruction (BR) has increased at the same time as indications for post-mastectomy radiation therapy (PMRT) have broadened. The aim of the Oncoplastic Breast Consortium initiative was to address relevant questions arising with this clinically challenging scenario.

Methods: A large global panel of oncologic, oncoplastic and reconstructive breast surgeons, patient advocates and radiation oncologists developed recommendations for clinical practice in an iterative process based on the principles of Delphi methodology.

Full-Thickness Tumor Resection of Oral Cancer Involving the Facial Skin-Microsurgical Reconstruction of Extensive Defects after Radical Treatment of Advanced Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Advanced tumors of the head and neck are challenging for the treatment specialist due to the need to synergize oncological and functional requirements. Free flap reconstruction has been established as the standard of care for defects following tumor resection. However, depending on the affected anatomic subsite, advanced tumors may impose specific difficulties regarding reconstruction, especially when full-thickness resection is required.

Occurrence of cervical lymph node metastasis of maxillary squamous cell carcinoma - A monocentric study of 171 patients.

Introduction: Fewer than 5% of oral squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) are presented in the maxilla. The absence of cervical lymph node metastasis (LNM) is one of the main positive prognostic factors. This single-centre study analysed the cervical lymph node metastasis behaviour in patients with oral SCC of the upper jaw and serves as a basis for a cervical lymph node treatment suggestion.

Prognostic relevance of induced and spontaneous apoptosis of disseminated tumor cells in primary breast cancer patients.

Background: An imbalance between cell proliferation and programmed cell death can result in tumor growth. Although most systemic cytotoxic agents induce apoptosis in tumor cells, a high apoptotic rate in primary breast cancer correlates with poor prognosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence and the prognostic significance of apoptotic disseminated tumor cells (DTC) in the bone marrow (BM) of breast cancer patients who either underwent primary surgery or primary systemic chemotherapy (PST).

A system for context-aware intraoperative augmented reality in dental implant surgery.

Purpose: Large volumes of information in the OR are ignored by surgeons when the amount outpaces human mental processing abilities. We developed an augmented reality (AR) system for dental implant surgery that acts as an automatic information filter, selectively displaying only relevant information. The purpose is to reduce information overflow and offer intuitive image guidance.

Disseminated tumor cells as a monitoring tool for adjuvant therapy in patients with primary breast cancer.

The presence of disseminated tumor cells (DTC) in the bone marrow (BM) of early breast cancer patients at initial surgery as well as during follow-up predicts an unfavorable outcome. This study aimed to assess whether adjuvant systemic therapy has the ability to eradicate DTC and to determine the clinical impact of DTC-persistence. Between 12 and 24 months after an initial BM aspiration during primary surgery (BMA1) a second and third bone marrow aspiration (BMA2 and BMA3, respectively) was performed.

The value of ultrasound-assisted pinned resorbable osteosynthesis for cranial vault remodelling in craniosynostosis.

Resorbable osteosynthesis is a widespread tool in craniofacial surgery, however only a limited number of studies have focused on ultrasound-assisted pinned resorbable systems in the treatment of craniosynostosis. Thirty-eight children with various types of craniosynostosis including scaphocephaly, trigonocephaly, anterior and posterior plagiocephaly were treated using the Sonic Welding resorbable osteosynthesis system. All patients were evaluated for operation time, stability of the surgical results, rate of local infections and visibility or palpability of the osteosynthesis material in the follow-up ranging from 15 to 21 month.

Bilateral coronal and sagittal synostosis in X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets: a case report.

Craniosynostosis can be gene-linked, or caused by metabolic diseases, such as rickets, which results from a deficiency or impaired metabolism of vitamin D, magnesium, phosphorus or calcium leading to hypomineralization of the bone. X-linked dominant hypophosphatemic rickets (XLHR) is the most prevalent genetic type of hypophosphatemic rickets and is caused by germ line mutations in the PHEX-gene. In XLHR, only few case reports of craniosynostosis were described.

Is 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 receptor expression a potential Achilles' heel of CD44+ oral squamous cell carcinoma cells?

The aim of this study was to analyse the expression of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 receptor (VDR) in oral cancers are squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) to evaluate whether oral tissue may be a new potential target for biologically active 1,25-(OH)2D3 or its analogues. Expression of VDR was analysed in OSCC specimen (n=191) and cancer cell lines (BICR3, BICR56) by immunohistochemistry, real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis, and Western blotting. Scanned images were digitally analysed using ImageJ and the immunomembrane plug-in.

Proximal segment positioning with high oblique sagittal split osteotomy: indications and limits of intraoperative mobile cone-beam computerized tomography.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the indications and limits for intraoperative proximal segment positioning control by mobile cone-beam computerized tomography (CBCT).

Study Design: For mandible osteotomy in orthognathic surgery, the high oblique sagittal split osteotomy (HSSO) is our standard procedure. In 22 patients, positioning control of the proximal segment was performed during and after surgery to check this alternative osteotomy technique.

Neurosensory alterations and function of the temporomandibular joint after high oblique sagittal split osteotomy: an alternative technique in orthognathic surgery.

The current most common technique for repositioning of the mandible, bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (BSSO), was first described by Obwegeser and Dal Pont in the early1960s, and has since been modified several times. However, there is always a risk of damaging the inferior alveolar nerve. We have studied 50 consecutive patients who had high oblique sagittal split osteotomy (HSSO) as an alternative to avoid damage to the nerve.

Increased LDH5 expression is associated with lymph node metastasis and outcome in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) account for more than 90 % of all oral malignant lesions. Lactate dehydrogenase 5 (LDH5) has the highest efficiency among all other isoenzymes to catalyse pyruvate transformation to lactate and is significantly overexpressed in several different tumour entities. LDH5 overexpression confers an advantage on malignant cells, allows them to grow faster, and to metastasize.

Breast cancer surgery and financial reimbursement in Germany.

The reimbursement for breast cancer-specific operative interventions in Germany is regulated by the diagnosis-related group (DRG) system. The essential elements of the German DRG system, which was developed as a per-case lump-sum payment system, are presented, including the participating institutions. The actual treatment situation in breast cancer surgery is now aptly reflected in the introduction of the OPS (operation and treatment procedure classification) 2012.

Magnetic resonance imaging in isolated sagittal synostosis.

Isolated fusion of the sagittal suture is the most prevalent form of craniosynostosis. Although the typical clinical appearance usually points the way to the right diagnosis, computed tomographic (CT) scans are still recommended as necessary tools for both the diagnosis of scaphocephaly and the preoperative planning. Because CT scans are accompanied by the biological effects of ionizing radiation, some authors have already postulated the use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) especially because MRI seems to be valuable for detecting intracranial anomalies compared with CT scans.

Prognostic value of histamine H1 receptor expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Objectives: Overexpression of the histamine H1 receptor (H1R) has been described in a variety of tumor models, but experience in oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) is not available. Current adjuvant treatment options for OSCC can be improved by the identification of new targets of therapy. Herein, we evaluated H1R expression in a large patient cohort of OSCC.

Value of preoperative imaging in the diagnostics of isolated metopic suture synostosis: a risk-benefit analysis.

Radiographic evaluation including plain radiographies and computed tomographic (CT) scans are considered as a necessary tool for diagnosis of craniosynostosis. As recently concerns about harmful effects of ionising radiation in children have been raised, some authors have suggested the use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as a helpful alternative in preoperative imaging of patients with isolated metopic synostosis. Besides confirming the diagnosis of trigonocephaly, MRI is the superior technique for the evaluation of underlying brain anomalies.

Image quality of two different mobile cone beam computed tomographs for maxillofacial surgery.

Purpose: We evaluated two mobile cone beam computed tomographs (mCBCT) comparing image quality with respect to radiation dosage. Image quality was analyzed by using different scanning modes.

Materials And Methods: The skulls of three human cadavers were scanned by use of conventional Computed Tomography (CT) as well as with two mobile cone beam computed tomographs (Siemens Arcadis Orbic 3D and Ziehm Vision Vario 3D).

Influence of lower third molar anatomic position on postoperative inflammatory complications.

Purpose: Postoperative inflammatory conditions, including alveolar osteitis, surgical site infections, and abscess, are frequent complications after surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molars and multiple associated risk factors have been identified. However, few studies have evaluated the influence of extraction difficulty according to anatomic variables on postoperative inflammatory complications.

Patients And Methods: A retrospective study was performed of 585 surgically removed lower third molars.

Solitary infantile myofibroma of the skull.

Infantile myofibromatosis is a proliferative disorder characterized by the development of single or multiple nodular lesions in the soft tissue, skeleton, and internal organs. These tumors can occur at any anatomic site, but in one third of the cases, the head and neck region is involved. Here, we report a case of an infantile myofibroma occurring in a 7-year-old girl presented as a solitary lesion in the head and neck area.

Accuracy assessment for navigated maxillo-facial surgery using an electromagnetic tracking device.

Purpose: To evaluate the accuracy and the usability of an electromagnetic tracking device in maxillo-facial surgery through testing on a phantom skull under operating room (OR) conditions.

Material And Methods: A standard plastic skull phantom was equipped with a custom made model of the maxilla and with target markers and dental brackets. Imaging was performed with a computed tomography (CT) scanner.

Condylar metastasis from prostatic carcinoma mimicking temporomandibular disorder: a case report.

Background: Although metastatic carcinoma is the most common malignant tumor of the bone, less than 1% of all metastatic bone lesions are presented in the maxillofacial area. As the mandibular body is the most frequent localization, metastasis to the mandibular condyle is extremely rare.

Case Report: This report describes a rare case of prostate carcinoma metastatic to the mandibular condyle in a 75-year old man, who was referred because of persistent pain in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) region and a limitation of opening, initially misdiagnosed and treated as temporomandibular disorder (TMD).