A scoping review of the patient experience with wearable technology.

Objective: This scoping review explores patients' experience with wearable technology. Its aims are to: (a) examine studies that contain empirical findings related to patients' experience with wearables; (b) compare these findings within and across studies; and (c) identify areas in need of greater understanding.

Methods: A Preferred Reporting Items for Scoping Review (PRISMA) guided approach was followed.

On-field concurrent validity of flight time-based countermovement jump height during fatigue: A comparison between inertial measurement units worn at different locations on the body.

We explored the feasibility of utilizing immediate changes in flight time-based vertical countermovement jump height as an on-field measure for fatigue-induced decrements in performance. Comparing Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs) worn at five body locations (feet, shorts for thighs and pelvis, waist strap, and thorax in a standard GPS vest) with a force plate as a reference, we enlisted 19 amateur football players who performed a series of 10 maximal 30 m sprints (initiated every minute). Maximal jumps were executed immediately before and after each sprint, with the latter jumps recorded on a force plate integrated into the field.

Cigarette Smoking, Risky Alcohol Consumption, and Marijuana Smoking among University Students in Germany: Identification of Potential Sociodemographic and Study-Related Risk Groups and Predictors of Consumption.

(1) Background: Cigarette smoking, risky alcohol consumption, and marijuana smoking are the most common behaviors related to legal and illicit drug use worldwide, including among university students. To plan effective evidence-based programs to prevent the risky consumption of these substances among university students, the present study aimed to identify potential sociodemographic and study-related risk groups and predictors of consumption. (2) Methods: A cross-sectional online health survey with approximately 270 health-related items was conducted among students at the University of Mainz, Germany.

Burnout Among Family Physicians in the United States: A Review of the Literature.

Background And Objectives: Burnout among physicians who work in primary care is an important problem that impacts health care quality, local communities, and the public's health. It can degrade the quality of primary care services in an area and exacerbate workforce shortages. This study conducted a review of the published research on burnout among family physicians working in the United States.

Hospice Satisfaction Among Patients, Family, and Caregivers: A Systematic Review of the Literature.

Hospice care is an underused form of intervention at the end of life. The experiences of patients, families, and other caregivers are important to consider in thinking about how to encourage greater use of hospice care, through policies and advocacy that promote its benefits. Specifically, patient, family, and other caregiver satisfaction with hospice care is important to understand better.

Resiliency-based adaptations used by primary care physicians during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic is a profound change event for U.S. primary care physicians and their medical practices.

Changes in Career Thinking and Work Intentions Among Family Medicine Educators in Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Introduction: This study examined the attitudes and perceptions of family medicine educators with regards to COVID-19's impact on both career thinking and work intentions.

Methods: We surveyed 949 Family Medicine educators and practicing physicians as part of the 2021 Council of Academic Family Medicine's (CAFM) Educational Research Alliance (CERA) survey.

Results: Changes in thinking about their nonwork lives (, OR = 2.

Making do by getting real: Psychological contract violations and proactive career agency among medical professionals.

Background: Health care professionals face greater uncertainty in their careers as traditional jobs wither and new, organizationally controlled jobs proliferate, reducing economic security and professional autonomy.

Purpose: We apply psychological contract and self-efficacy theory to examine the career agency of early-career physicians. We ask the following: (a) What are the unfulfilled expectations and emotions experienced by young physicians at the training and early career stages? (b) What are the forms of career agency exhibited by young physicians in response to unfulfillment?

Methodology: We conducted a study on 48 U.

Physician Satisfaction With Telehealth: A Systematic Review and Agenda for Future Research.

Background And Objectives: The use of telehealth has risen dramatically due to the Covid-19 pandemic and is expected to be a regular part of patient care moving forward. We know little currently about how satisfied physicians are with this type of patient care. The present systematic review examines physician satisfaction with telehealth, as physician acceptance remains vital to telehealth gaining wider and more permanent adoption.

Potential risk groups and psychological, psychosocial, and health behavioral predictors of pharmacological neuroenhancement among university students in Germany.

Aiming to develop and implement intervention strategies targeting pharmacological neuroenhancement (PN) among university students more specifically, we (1) assessed the prevalence of PN among German university students, (2) identified potential sociodemographic and study-related risk groups, and (3) investigated sociodemographic, psychological, study-related psychosocial, general psychosocial and health behavior related factors predicting the 12-month prevalence of PN. Therefore, a cross-sectional online survey was administered to students of the University of Mainz, Germany. A binary logistic regression with stepwise inclusion of the five variable groups was performed to predict PN.

People Performance Scales (PPS): A multi-company, cross-sectional psychometric assessment.

This study aims to test the nomological validity of the People Performance Scales (PPS) using the job demands-resources (JD-R) model. All employees at two large companies in Norway (a governmental agency and a worker's union) were invited to complete the PPS questionnaire electronically. A total of 2,469 respondents completed the questionnaire, resulting in an 87 percent response rate.

Cross-Sectional Study of Influences on Maternal Decisions Regarding Feeding Premature and Ill Neonates.

This cross-sectional study investigated the influences on feeding decisions made by mothers of infants admitted to neonatal intensive care units. The primary aims were to describe discrete influences on maternal behavior and to test Fishbein and Azjen's Theory of Planned Behavior in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) setting. The study included a convenience sample of 445 mothers in North Texas and Wisconsin.

Cognitive Change and Relaxation as Key Mechanisms of Treatment Outcome in Chronic Pain: Evidence From Routine Care.

Despite effective treatment approaches within the cognitive behavioral framework general treatment effects for chronic pain are rather small to very small. Translation from efficacy trials to naturalistic settings is questionable. There is an urgent need to improve the effectiveness of well-established treatments, such as cognitive-behavior therapy (CBT) and the investigation of mechanisms of change is a promising opportunity.

Burnout and Physician Gender: What Do We Know?

Purpose: Burnout (BO) is a serious phenomenon affecting US physicians. Female physicians, now accounting for a larger share of the workforce, are thought to experience higher levels of BO in some situations compared with their male counterparts. The current review aimed to systematically examine extant literature on physician BO as it relates especially to the female physician.

High-resolution pediatric reference intervals for 15 biochemical analytes described using fractional polynomials.

Objectives: Assessment of children's laboratory test results requires consideration of the extensive changes that occur during physiological development and result in pronounced sex- and age-specific dynamics in many biochemical analytes. Pediatric reference intervals have to account for these dynamics, but ethical and practical challenges limit the availability of appropriate pediatric reference intervals that cover children from birth to adulthood. We have therefore initiated the multi-center data-driven project (Next-Generation Pediatric Reference Intervals) to create pediatric reference intervals using data from laboratory information systems.

The gender pay gap in medicine: A systematic review.

Background: Women are becoming doctors in greater numbers. Despite this, there is evidence of female doctors' continued differential treatment compared to their male counterparts.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to review systematically the extant literature on the gender-based pay gap in medicine across time, different medical specialties, and different countries of clinical practice.

Organizational commitment among physicians: A systematic literature review.

Purpose: Physicians work increasingly in larger organizations across different health care delivery systems. This systematic review examines the published empirical literature on organizational commitment among physicians within an international context.

Design: A systematic, PRISMA-guided review examining studies of organizational commitment among physicians published over time.

The challenges of consumerism for primary care physicians.

Implementation of retail health consumer tactics in primary care poses challenges for primary care doctors that must be recognized and addressed.

Activities and Sensemaking Associated With Frontline Role Expansion in Primary Care Settings.

Many healthcare settings are embracing a dynamic of role expansion across occupational boundaries. This dynamic is particularly evident in organizations that are early adopters of innovations designed to improve care delivery. This study explores role expansion of frontline healthcare workers in primary care settings associated with early adoption of the patient-centered medical home.

Comparing Retail Clinics With Other Sites of Care: A Systematic Review of Cost, Quality, and Patient Satisfaction.

Background: Retail clinics, also referred to as walk-in or convenient care clinics, share common features such as a limited menu of primary care services, on-demand patient appointments, greater use of nonphysician providers such as nurse practitioners, and more convenient hours and access points for patients.

Objectives: Given their rising popularity as an alternative primary care delivery site, it is important to examine retail clinics' impact on patient outcomes. This study's aim was to systematically review the extant literature on retail clinics in the United States with respect to 3 outcomes of interest: quality, cost, and patient satisfaction.

Physician Use of Health Care Teams for Improving Quality in Primary Care.

Objectives: Health care teams may be used to improve quality in the primary care setting. Absent in the extant literature on health care teams is knowledge of how physicians seek to deploy this innovation on an everyday basis to improve care quality. This study's aim was to explore how physicians use teams in practice to deliver higher-quality care.

Next-generation reference intervals for pediatric hematology.

Background Interpreting hematology analytes in children is challenging due to the extensive changes in hematopoiesis that accompany physiological development and lead to pronounced sex- and age-specific dynamics. Continuous percentile charts from birth to adulthood allow accurate consideration of these dynamics. However, the ethical and practical challenges unique to pediatric reference intervals have restricted the creation of such percentile charts, and limitations in current approaches to laboratory test result displays restrict their use when guiding clinical decisions.

How teams impact patient satisfaction: A review of the empirical literature.

Background: The increased use of health care teams merits further investigation in terms of their impact on patient satisfaction. Patient satisfaction and patient experience generally have come front-and-center given trends within the health care industry around "patient-centered care" and "consumer engagement."

Purpose: This review examines research published between 2000 and 2017 that includes analysis of potential team-patient satisfaction linkages, taking the conceptual perspective that both the mere presence of health care teams and specific team features like cohesion may each be impactful.