Insights into the genetic landscape of pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas in a Brazilian cohort.

Objective: Germline and somatic drivers are identified in 30% and 40% of pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PPGLs), respectively. In this study, we investigated the genetic landscape of PPGLs in a Brazilian cohort.

Methods: We studied 182 index patients with PPGLs (116 females and 66 males), comprising 118 pheochromocytoma and 70 paraganglioma cases.

Gastric fundoplication with endoscopic technique: A novel approach for gastroesophageal reflux disease treatment.

Background: Gastric fundoplication with endoscopic technique (GFET) is an innovative approach to managing gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). This minimally invasive procedure utilizes the GEN-2 Apollo endosuture device and Olympus H2T180 gastroscope to perform partial fundoplication by strategically placing Prolene 2-0 sutures at the 11, 7, 5, 1, and 3 o'clock positions around the gastroesophageal junction.

Aim: To evaluate whether GFET enhances the lower esophageal sphincter function by creating comprehensive plication to improve the barrier against reflux.

Physicians' preferencesfor radioiodine treatment of differentiated thyroid cancer in Brazil: an observational study.

Objective: The aim of this observational, cross-sectional study was to investigate physicians' preferences for radioiodine (RAI) treatment in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) in Brazil and the factors influencing RAI indications.

Materials And Methods: A survey was distributed to physicians potentially involved in DTC care in Brazil to understand the factors influencing RAI indications. The survey collected information on the profiles of the physicians, along with the characteristics of their workplaces and their preferences regarding RAI indications in three hypothetical clinical cases.

Association between papillary thyroid cancer and primary aldosteronism in individuals with hypertension.

Background: Aldosterone excess chronically induces oxidative stress and cell proliferation. Previously, a single study investigated primary aldosteronism (PA) in patients with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), albeit without a matched control group.

Methods: We conducted a propensity score matched case-control study to investigate the association between PA and PTC in individuals with arterial hypertension (HT).

The Danish Ibbis Trials for Sickness Absentees with Common Mental Disorders: A Phase 4 Prospective Study Comparing Randomized Trial and Real-World Data.

Introduction: In two randomized controlled trials (RCT) we tested the efficacy of a novel integrated vocational rehabilitation and mental healthcare intervention, coined INT, for sickness absentees with common mental disorders. The aim was to improve vocational outcomes compared to Service As Usual (SAU). Contrary to expectations, the delivered intervention caused worse outcomes within some diagnostic groups and some benefits in others.

Identification of Predictors of Metastatic Potential in Paragangliomas to Develop a Prognostic Score (PSPGL).

Context: Paragangliomas (PGLs) are rare tumors in adrenal and extra-adrenal locations. Metastasis are found in approximately 5% to 35% of PGLs, and there are no reliable predictors of metastatic disease.

Objective: This work aimed to develop a prognostic score of metastatic potential in PGLs.

Neoadjuvant Treatment of Locally Advanced Thyroid Cancer: A Preliminary Latin American Experience.

Surgical resection is not always achievable in thyroid cancer patients. Neoadjuvant therapy is rarely used, but recent trends favor multikinase inhibitors or selective tyrosine kinase inhibitors. These aim to reduce tumor volume, enabling previously unfeasible surgeries.

Intraoperative radiofrequency ablation for unresectable abdominal paraganglioma: a case report.

For pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma (PPGL), the efficacy of percutaneous ablative therapies in achieving control of metastatic tumors measuring <3 cm had been demonstrated in only few reports, and intraoperative radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of locally invasive primary PPGLs has not been reported. We presented the case of a 31-year-old man who had a 9-cm functioning unresectable PPGL. He was treated with 13 cycles of cytotoxic chemotherapy without objective tumor response, according to the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST).

Not Only but and Chromosomal Instability Are Seen in Young Patients with Sporadic Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma.

Context: Genetic analysis of sporadic medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) has revealed somatic variants in , , and occasionally other genes. However, around 20% of patients with sporadic MTC lack a known genetic driver.

Objective: To uncover potential new somatic or germline drivers, we analyze a distinct cohort of patients with sporadic, very early-onset, and aggressive MTC.

Pyoderma Gangrenosum of the Genitalia, Anus, and Perineum: Two Case Reports and a Review of Published Cases.

Pyoderma gangrenosum is an inflammatory skin disease that presents with rapidly progressive ulcers with violaceous, undermined borders. Despite most commonly affecting the lower extremities, pyoderma gangrenosum can rarely present in the genital, anal, and perineal regions. We describe 2 cases and report a review of published cases.

Differentiated thyroid carcinoma: what the nonspecialists needs to know.

Differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) accounts for most cases of thyroid cancer, and the heterogeneity of DTC requires that management decisions be taken by a multidisciplinary team involving endocrinologists, head and neck surgeons, nuclear medicine physicians, pathologists, radiologists, radiation oncologists, and medical oncologists. It is important for nonspecialists to recognize and refer patients with DTC who will benefit from a specialized approach. Recent advances in knowledge and changes in management of DTC call for the need to raise awareness on the part of these nonspecialist physicians, including general endocrinologists and medical oncologists at large.

Suppression of Richtmyer-Meshkov Instability via Special Pairs of Shocks and Phase Transitions.

The classical Richtmyer-Meshkov instability (RMI) is a hydrodynamic instability characterizing the evolution of an interface following shock loading. In contrast to other hydrodynamic instabilities such as Rayleigh-Taylor, it is known for being unconditionally unstable: regardless of the direction of shock passage, any deviations from a flat interface will be amplified. In this article, we show that for negative Atwood numbers, there exist special sequences of shocks which result in a nearly perfectly suppressed instability growth.

The Value of Surveillance Imaging of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

The evaluation of surveillance imaging of OSCC patients is a difficult task physicians have to face daily. Multiple patients experience a recurrence of this disease, which underlines the importance of regular patient monitoring programs. Our study analysed the value of surveillance imaging, such as computed tomography (CT) and nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (NMRI), as a patient monitoring programme and its effectiveness in achieving improvement in early recurrence detection.

Glucose-sensitive hypothalamic nuclei traced through functional magnetic resonance imaging.

Introduction: Hypothalamic glucose-sensitive neural circuits, which regulate energy metabolism and can contribute to diseases such as obesity and type 2 diabetes, have been difficult to study in humans. We developed an approach to assess hypothalamic functional connectivity changes during glucose loading using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).

Methods: To do so, we conducted oral glucose tolerance tests while acquiring functional images before, and 10 and 45 min after glucose ingestion in a healthy male and cross-sectionally in 20 healthy participants on two different diets.

Endoscopic revision of one-anastomosis gastric bypass (ER-OAGB) for weight recurrence: a case series of 17 adults.

Weight recurrence after one-anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB), the third most common metabolic and bariatric surgery performed worldwide, is observed in a subset of patients due to the chronic, progressive nature of obesity. Endoscopic revision of the OAGB (ER-OAGB) through full-thickness suturing to reduce the gastrojejunal anastomosis and gastric pouch is a potential alternative to surgical revision. Here, we present a case series of ER-OAGB and long-term nutritional support at two international centers with expertise in bariatric endoscopy.

Phase 3 Trial of Selpercatinib in Advanced -Mutant Medullary Thyroid Cancer.

Background: Selpercatinib, a highly selective, potent RET inhibitor, has shown efficacy in advanced -mutant medullary thyroid cancer in a phase 1-2 trial, but its efficacy as compared with approved multikinase inhibitors is unclear.

Methods: We conducted a phase 3, randomized trial comparing selpercatinib as first-line therapy with the physician's choice of cabozantinib or vandetanib (control group). Eligible patients had progressive disease documented within 14 months before enrollment.

Combined effect of heat and corona charge on molecular delivery to a T cell line in vitro.

With the rapid increase of gene and immunotherapies for treating cancer, there is a need to efficiently transfect cells. Previous studies suggest that electrotransfer can provide a non-viral method for gene delivery. Electrotransfer traditionally relies upon the application of direct current pulses to the cells of interest.

Endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty in class III obesity: Efficacy, safety, and durability outcomes in 404 consecutive patients.

Background: Endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty (ESG) is an effective therapy for class I-II obesity, but there are knowledge gaps in the published literature about its implementation in patients with class III obesity [body mass index (BMI) ≥ 40 kg/m].

Aim: To evaluate the safety, clinical efficacy, and durability of ESG in adults with class III obesity.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study that used prospectively collected data on adults with BMI ≥ 40 kg/m who underwent ESG and longitudinal lifestyle counseling at two centers with expertise in endobariatric therapies from May 2018-March 2022.

Fructosamine and glycated hemoglobin as biomarkers of glycemic control in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus and cancer (GlicoOnco study).

Introduction: Glycemic control is important to avoid diabetes complications in individuals with cancer. There is no evidence for HbA1c and fructosamine as reliable biomarkers in these conditions. There are particularities in caring for patients with diabetes and cancer that can alter these biomarkers.