A genome-scale metabolic reconstruction provides insight into the metabolism of the thermophilic bacterium Rhodothermus marinus.

The thermophilic bacterium Rhodothermus marinus has mainly been studied for its thermostable enzymes. More recently, the potential of using the species as a cell factory and in biorefinery platforms has been explored, due to the elevated growth temperature, native production of compounds such as carotenoids and EPSs, the ability to grow on a wide range of carbon sources including polysaccharides, and available genetic tools. A comprehensive understanding of the metabolism of cell factories is important.

The di-leucine motif in the host defense peptide LL-37 is essential for initiation of autophagy in human macrophages.

The human cathelicidin peptide LL-37 induces autophagy in human macrophages. Different post-translational modifications (PTMs) such as citrullination, acetylation, and formylation impact LL-37, yet their effect on autophagy remains unknown. Thus, we set out to study how the cellular source could impact PTM of LL-37 and subsequent effects on autophagy initiation.

Host-directed therapies modulating innate immunity against infection in hematologic malignancies.

Patients with hematologic malignancies (HM) are highly susceptible to bloodstream infection (BSI), particularly those undergoing treatments such as chemotherapy. A common and debilitating side effect of chemotherapy is oral and intestinal mucositis. These Patients are also at high risk of developing sepsis, which can arise from mucosal barrier injuries and significantly increases mortality in these patients.

The Effects of Syphilis Infection on Total Knee Arthroplasty Outcomes: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

This study investigated the impact of recent syphilis infection on postoperative outcomes following total knee arthroplasty (TKA). We hypothesized that patients with a documented history of syphilis infection would experience a higher rate of postoperative complications compared to those without such a history. We conducted a retrospective cohort analysis using a national insurance claims database.

Spatially resolved emulated annual temperature projections for overshoot pathways.

Due to insufficient climate action over the past decade, it is increasingly likely that 1.5 °C of global warming will be exceeded - at least temporarily - in the 21 century. Such a temporary temperature overshoot carries additional climate risks which are poorly understood.

Targeted metagenomics - Enrichment for enzymes active on sulfated polysaccharides from seaweeds.

Seaweeds (macroalgae) are an attractive resource for diverse microbial- and enzymatic production processes. They are abundant, underutilized, cheap, and rich in carbohydrates, and therefore have the potential to be used as a source of mono- or oligosaccharides, and as substrates for industrial fermentation processes. Many seaweed polysaccharides, including the sulfated polysaccharides ulvan and fucoidan, are however complex and heterogenous in structure, and there are currently few enzymes available to modify them, and understanding of their enzymatic depolymerization remains limited.

Proteomic biomarkers and pathway analysis for progression to heart failure in three epidemiological representative cohorts.

Aims: Biomarkers associated with asymptomatic ventricular dysfunction might improve risk stratification and identify pathways leading to heart failure (HF). We explored the association between proteomic biomarkers and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), diastolic dysfunction (DD) and incident HF in three population-based cohorts.

Methods And Results: A chip was used to measure 92 protein biomarkers in blood samples from >1500 Malmö Preventive Project (MPP) participants, of whom 514 had LVH (34%), 462 had DD (32.

Treatment effects of two pharmaceutical skin care creams for xerotic feet among persons with diabetes: Rationale and design of a two-armed double blind randomized controlled trial.

Introduction: To minimize the risk of developing foot-ulcers, persons with diabetes are given the advice to daily inspect their feet and to apply skincare formulations. However, commercially available skincare products have rarely been developed and evaluated for diabetes foot care specifically. The primary aim of this randomized controlled trial (RCT) is to evaluate the effects in reducing foot xerosis in persons with diabetes without foot-ulcers using two skincare creams containing different humectants (interventions) against a cream base non-humectant (comparator).

Bacterial contamination and greenhouse gas emissions: A randomised study of reuse versus single-use of infusion-set components for intravenous anaesthesia.

Background: Reusing anaesthesia infusion-set components may reduce the climate impact from plastic waste and discarded medications. Infusion-set contents can be shielded from patient contact by single use of an infusion line fitted with dual antireflux valves, preventing retrograde entry of microorganisms, and eliminating the risk for patient-to-patient cross-contamination. However, infusion-set contamination from compromised aseptic handling could affect quality of care.

Adipocyte deletion of the oxygen-sensor PHD2 sustains elevated energy expenditure at thermoneutrality.

Enhancing thermogenic brown adipose tissue (BAT) function is a promising therapeutic strategy for metabolic disease. However, predominantly thermoneutral modern human living conditions deactivate BAT. We demonstrate that selective adipocyte deficiency of the oxygen-sensor HIF-prolyl hydroxylase (PHD2) gene overcomes BAT dormancy at thermoneutrality.

The West Antarctic Ice Sheet may not be vulnerable to marine ice cliff instability during the 21st century.

The collapse of ice shelves could expose tall ice cliffs at ice sheet margins. The marine ice cliff instability (MICI) is a hypothesis that predicts that, if these cliffs are tall enough, ice may fail structurally leading to self-sustained retreat. To date, projections that include MICI have been performed with a single model based on a simple parameterization.

A qualitative study of the experience of doula support to women in socially disadvantaged positions in Sweden: The voices of women and doulas.

Background: Women in socially disadvantaged positions face increased risk of fear of birth, birth complications, and postpartum depression, highlighting the need for targeted interventions for this group. Doula support is associated with positive emotional and medical outcomes for mother and child. Experience of doula support for women in socially disadvantaged positions in Sweden remains unexplored.

Enantiomeric Separation of Triacylglycerols Consisting of Three Different Fatty Acyls and Their Chiral Chromatographic Elution Behavior.

Chromatographic separation of triacylglycerol (TG) enantiomers is a highly challenging task of analytical chemistry because of the similar physicochemical properties. The analysis of chiral TGs is crucial for improving the knowledge of lipid biochemistry and for understanding the nutritional properties of fats and oils. Thus, this study aimed to systematically investigate the chiral resolution of TGs consisting of three different fatty acyls (FAs).

A descriptive analysis of drug-drug interactions and corresponding adverse drug reactions in multimorbid older inpatients: findings from the SENATOR trial.

Purpose: Drug-drug interactions (DDIs) are prevalent among multimorbid and polymedicated older adults and can increase the risk of adverse drug reactions (ADRs), hospital admissions, and mortality. This study describes the incidence and prevalence of 66 clinically relevant DDIs and analyses the occurrence of 12 corresponding predefined ADRs in older inpatients enrolled in the SENATOR trial.

Methods: The sub-study of the SENATOR trial that involved 1537 multimorbid older inpatients, recruited from 2016 to 2018 in six academic teaching hospitals in Belgium, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Scotland, and Spain respectively, and analysed 66 potentially clinically significant DDIs.