Real-world Outcomes With Rituximab-based Therapy for Posttransplant Lymphoproliferative Disease Arising After Solid Organ Transplant.

Background: Optimal upfront therapy for posttransplant lymphoproliferative disease (PTLD) arising after solid organ transplant remains contentious. Rituximab monotherapy (R-Mono) in unselected patients has shown a lack of durable remissions. Cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisolone (CHOP)-based chemotherapy confers improved response rates, although concerns exist about toxicity.

Herpes Simplex Necrotic Lymphadenitis Masquerading as Richter's Transformation in Treatment-Naive Patients With Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia.

Richter's transformation from chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) to aggressive lymphoma is a relatively rare event with well-characterised clinical and radiological features, and can typically be distinguished from infectious complications of CLL. Opportunistic infections in CLL happen predominantly in the context of immunosuppressive therapy and/or relapsed/refractory disease. Herpes simplex viral (HSV) lymphadenitis is a rare phenomenon in treatment-naive CLL patients with only six cases reported in the English-language literature.

Using stimulation of the diving reflex in humans to teach integrative physiology.

During underwater submersion, the body responds by conserving O2 and prioritizing blood flow to the brain and heart. These physiological adjustments, which involve the nervous, cardiovascular, and respiratory systems, are known as the diving response and provide an ideal example of integrative physiology. The diving reflex can be stimulated in the practical laboratory setting using breath holding and facial immersion in water.

Bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome leads to a functional deterioration of the acinus post lung transplant.

Bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) limits long-term survival of lung transplant recipients, and airflow obstruction in these patients likely originates in the small airways. 61 double lung transplant recipients performed multiple breath nitrogen washouts to obtain indices of acinar and conductive ventilation heterogeneity (Sacin, Scond). There was a significant association of BOS status with Sacin (Kruskal-Wallis; p<0.

Engagement of students with lectures in biochemistry and pharmacology.

Academic staff at universities have become concerned about the decrease in student attendance at lectures and the implication of this on student achievement and learning. Few studies have measured actual lecture attendance in a coherent or comprehensive way. The aim of this study was to measure actual lecture attendance of students over two year levels enrolled in two separate science disciplines, biochemistry and pharmacology.

Continuous and noninvasive recording of cardiovascular parameters with the Finapres finger cuff enhances undergraduate student understanding of physiology.

The Finapres finger cuff recording system provides continuous calculations of beat-to-beat variations in cardiac output (CO), total peripheral resistance, heart rate (HR), and blood pressure (BP). This system is unique in that it allows experimental subjects to immediately, continuously, and noninvasively visualize changes in CO at rest and during exercise. This study provides evidence that using the Finapres system improves undergraduate student engagement, understanding, and learning of how the cardiovascular system responds to exercise.

In vitro bioactive and immunoactive inhibin concentrations in bovine fetal ovaries and testes throughout gestation.

This study investigates the concentrations of inhibin in the bovine fetal ovary and testis throughout gestation (days 40 to 270/term) as determined by inhibin in vitro bioassay and RIA techniques. In addition, the expression of the inhibin alpha- and beta-subunits (beta A and beta B) in these tissues was evaluated by Northern blot analysis and in situ hybridization. Testicular concentrations of inhibin bioactivity and immunoactivity increased 2.

Follitropin (FSH) stimulation of inhibin biological and immunological activities by seminiferous tubules and Sertoli cell cultures from immature rats.

Seminiferous tubules from 20-day-old rats were isolated by mechanical dissection and the conditions to produce optimal inhibin secretion over a 5-day period of culture were established. Inhibin was measured by a specific heterologous radioimmunoassay and by an in vitro bioassay using rat pituitary cells in culture. The tubule production of biologically and immunologically active inhibin was stimulated by ovine follitropin (FSH); however, the ratio of biological to immunological (B:I) activity fell significantly with increasing dose.

Cellular localization of inhibin mRNA in the bovine ovary by in-situ hybridization.

Hybridization histochemistry has been used to detect the presence of mRNA for the alpha and beta A subunit of inhibin in tissue sections of the ovary of cows. 32P-labelled cDNAs, complementary to the bovine alpha or beta A subunit of inhibin or to a control segment of plasmid DNA (pBR 322), were used. The alpha subunit mRNA was located in the granulosa layer of antral follicles greater than 0.

Stage-specific inhibin secretion by rat seminiferous tubules.

The endogenous inhibin content was measured by radioimmunoassay in segments of seminiferous tubules at specific stages of the spermatogenic cycle isolated by transillumination-assisted dissection as described by Parvinen (1982). In addition, the immunoactive inhibin production in response to FSH stimulation was investigated. The inhibin content was greatest in tubules at stages II-VI of the cycle and was lowest at stages VII-VIII.

Testosterone response of cryptorchid and hypophysectomized rats to human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) stimulation.

The testosterone responses to a single injection of hCG (100 i.u.) in hypophysectomized (hypox.

The temporal response of rat testes to hCG stimulation during sexual maturation.

Serum testosterone responses to a single sc injection of hCG (25 IU/100 g body weight) were monitored for 5 days in rats throughout sexual maturation (22-70 days). Two hours after hCG injection serum testosterone levels rose in 22, 37 and 53 day-old animals and remained elevated for 2 days, returning to control levels on day 3. This response differed markedly from the biphasic secretion of testosterone reported for adult animals.

Acute responses of Leydig cells to hCG: evidence for early hypertrophy of Leydig cells.

The cross-sectional area of Leydig cells has been studied in rats following a single injection of 100 IU hCG. Leydig cell size was not changed within 2 h of injection (89.73 +/- 3.

Effect of oestradiol and tamoxifen on the testosterone response in male rats to a single injection of hCG.

A single s.c. injection of hCG (100 i.

The regulation of testicular function.

From this review it is evident that our understanding of the control of testicular function has advanced greatly over the past decade. Many of the advances have depended on techniques to isolate and study the function of Sertoli cells and Leydig cells. Although this knowledge has been essential, it is important to proceed cautiously in the extrapolation of this information to the in vivo situation.

Serum Testosterone response to single injection of hCG ovine-LH and LHRH in male rats.

A biphasic pattern of testosterone secretion in response to a single injection of 100 IU hCG has been observed in the rat. Serum testosterone increased from basal levels of 8.7 +/- 3.