Exploring the Use of Activity Trackers to Support Physical Activity and Reduce Sedentary Behavior in Adults Diagnosed With Type 2 Diabetes: Qualitative Interview Study Using the RE-AIM Framework.

Background: The prevalence of type 2 diabetes in adults worldwide is increasing. Low levels of physical activity and sedentary behavior are major risk factors for developing the disease. Physical activity interventions incorporating activity trackers can reduce blood glucose levels in adults diagnosed with type 2 diabetes.

ProFESS: Changing the Way Multidisciplinary Student's Professional Behaviour Lapses Are Identified and Managed. An Evaluation of Educators' Perspectives.

Background: Best practice evidence for identifying and managing professional behaviour lapses in a multidisciplinary context is lacking. This study aimed to evaluate multidisciplinary educators' attitudes and perceptions of the ProFESS (Professional standards, Ethical Behaviour and Student Support) framework and its companion Fitness for Practice model, designed and implemented at a large Australian university to address this using a behaviour change approach.

Methods: A 72-item survey based on the Context, Input, Process, Product evaluation framework was completed by 92 multidisciplinary faculty educators and analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics.

Breaking muscle: neurotoxic and myotoxic effects of Central American snake venoms and the relative efficacies of antivenom and varespladib.

Background: The snake genera Atropoides, Cerrophidion, and Metlapilcoatlus form a clade of neotropical pit vipers distributed across Mexico and Central America. This study evaluated the myotoxic and neurotoxic effects of nine species of Atropoides, Cerrophidion, and Metlapilcoatlus, and the neutralising efficacy of the ICP antivenom from Costa Rica against these effects, in the chick biventer cervicis nerve-muscle preparation. Given the prominence of PLAs within the venom proteomes of these species, we also aimed to determine the neutralising potency of the PLA inhibitor, varespladib.

Isolation and Pharmacological Characterisation of Pre-Synaptic Neurotoxins from Thai and Javanese Russell's Viper () Venoms.

The widespread geographical distribution of Russell's vipers ( spp.) is associated with marked variations in the clinical outcomes of envenoming by species from different countries. This is likely to be due to differences in the quantity and potency of key toxins and, potentially, the presence or absence of some toxins in venoms across the geographical spectrum.

Physical Activity Mobile App (CareFit) for Informal Carers of People With Dementia: Protocol for a Feasibility and Adaptation Study.

Background: Physical activity is a critical component of both well-being and preventative health, reducing the risk of both chronic mental and physical conditions and early death. Yet, there are numerous groups in society who are not able to undertake as much physical activity as they would like to. This includes informal (unpaid) carers, with the United Kingdom national survey data suggesting that 81% would like to do more physical activity on a regular basis.

Investigating skeletal muscle biomarkers for the early detection of Australian myotoxic snake envenoming: an animal model pilot study.

Introduction: Myotoxicity is an important toxidrome that can occur with envenoming from multiple Australian snake types. Early antivenom administration is an important strategy to reduce the incidence and severity of myotoxicity. The current gold standard biomarker, serum creatine kinase activity, does not rise early enough to facilitate early antivenom administration.

Fangs and foliage: Unearthing the haemotoxic secrets of cannabis-dwelling rattlesnakes.

Despite a recent surge in high-throughput venom research that has enabled many species to be studied, some snake venoms remain understudied. The long-tailed rattlesnakes (Crotalus ericsmithi, C. lannomi, and C.

A Comparison of the Efficacy of Antivenoms and Varespladib against the In Vitro Pre-Synaptic Neurotoxicity of Thai and Javanese Russell's Viper ( spp.) Venoms.

The heterogeneity in venom composition and potency in disparate Eastern Russell's viper () populations has repercussions for the efficacy of antivenoms. This is particularly pronounced in geographical areas in which the venom of the local species has not been well studied and locally produced antivenoms are unavailable. In such cases, alternative therapies following envenoming, which are not limited by species specificity, may be employed to complement antivenoms.

RE-AIM (Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance) Evaluation of the Use of Activity Trackers in the Clinical Care of Adults Diagnosed With a Chronic Disease: Integrative Systematic Review.

Background: Chronic diseases are a leading cause of adult mortality, accounting for 41 million deaths globally each year. Low levels of physical activity and sedentary behavior are major risk factors for adults to develop a chronic disease. Physical activity interventions can help support patients in clinical care to be more active.

Pre-contact Agave domesticates - living legacy plants in Arizona's landscape.

Background And Scope: Agaves played a central role as multi-use plants providing food, fibre and beverage to pre-contact and historical Mesoamerican cultures. However, their importance to Indigenous Peoples in the Southwest USA and northern Mexico, where they occur because of adaptations such as CAM photosynthesis, is less well known. Archaeological research indicates the Hohokam and other pre-contact Southwestern agrarian people increased agricultural potential in this region by engineering riverine terraces and bajadas for agave dry farming.

Evolution of the Xerocarpa clade (; Opuntieae): Evidence for the Role of the Grand Canyon in the Biogeographic History of the Iconic Beavertail Cactus and Relatives.

The formation of the western North American drylands has led to the evolution of an astounding diversity of species well adapted for such communities. Complex historical patterns often underlie the modern distribution of the flora and fauna of these areas. We investigated the biogeography of a group of desert-adapted prickly pears, known as the Xerocarpa clade, from western North America.

Career intentions and satisfaction influences in early career Australian physiotherapists.

Background: The current workforce does not meet the demand for physiotherapy services in Australia. Future demand is predicted to expand driven primarily by the aging population. Previous research describes significant attrition and short career intentions of junior physiotherapists.

24-Hour Movement Behaviours (Physical Activity, Sedentary Behaviour and Sleep) Association with Glycaemic Control and Psychosocial Outcomes in Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes: A Systematic Review of Quantitative and Qualitative Studies.

Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) is a condition requiring 24-hour management. The way in which an individual combines their 24-hour movement behaviours (24-h MBs), which is comprised of physical activity (PA), sedentary behaviour (SB), and sleep, throughout the day can have a significant impact on physical and mental health. This mixed methods systematic review aimed to investigate 24-h MBs' relationship with glycaemic control and psychosocial outcomes in adolescents (11-18 years) with T1D.

Do personal and behavioural characteristics of physiotherapy students predict performance during training and course completion?

Background: Specific personal and behavioural characteristics are required for competent health care practice. Research investigating relationships between these characteristics and course performance of health professions students is expanding, yet little research is conducted within the undergraduate physiotherapy student population. This study aimed to explore the relationships between personality, approaches to learning, and coping strategies of undergraduate physiotherapy students and their performance in academic, clinical and in-course assessment tasks and course progression.

Neuroprotective effect of phospholipase A from Malaysian venom against HO-induced cell damage and apoptosis.

Oxidative stress is one of the factors involved in the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative diseases. It has been reported that a secretory phospholipase A known as A2-EPTX-NSm1a has lower cytotoxicity in neuronal cells compared to its crude venom. In this study, A2-EPTX-NSm1a was tested for its neuroprotective activity on human neuroblastoma cells (SH-SY5Y) differentiated into cholinergic neurons against oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide (HO).

Supporting Physical Activity for Informal Caregivers during and beyond COVID-19: Exploring the Feasibility, Usability and Acceptability of a Digital Health Smartphone Application, 'CareFit'.

The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed how our global societies rely upon the care and support of informal (unpaid) caregivers: in the UK alone, there are an estimated 6.5 million informal carers. The caring role is not just precarious, it is often associated with high levels of stress, poor/deteriorating health and crisis points (hospitalisations, worsening of health).

Histopathological Changes in the Liver, Heart and Kidneys Following Malayan Pit Viper () Envenoming and the Neutralising Effects of Hemato Polyvalent Snake Antivenom.

(Malayan pit viper) is a medically important snake species that is widely distributed across Southeast Asia. Systemic coagulopathy causing severe haemorrhage and local tissue injury is commonly observed following envenoming. However, nephrotoxicity and congestive heart failure were previously reported in a patient who had a long length of hospital stay.

In Vitro neurotoxicity and myotoxicity of Malaysian Naja sumatrana and Naja kaouthia venoms: Neutralization by monovalent and Neuro Polyvalent Antivenoms from Thailand.

Naja sumatrana and Naja kaouthia are medically important elapids species found in Southeast Asia. Snake bite envenoming caused by these species may lead to morbidity or mortality if not treated with the appropriate antivenom. In this study, the in vitro neurotoxic and myotoxic effects N.

In Vitro Toxicity of Chinese Russell's Viper () Venom and Neutralisation by Antivenoms.

(Russell's viper) is a highly venomous and medically important snake in China, as well as much of Asia. There is minimal information on the pharmacological activity of the venom of the Chinese species, and currently no commercially available specific antivenom in China. This has led to the use of non-specific antivenoms to treat envenomation.

In Vitro Neutralization of the Myotoxicity of Australian Mulga Snake () and Sri Lankan Russell's Viper () Venoms by Australian and Indian Polyvalent Antivenoms.

We studied the neutralisation of Sri Lankan Russell's viper () and Australian mulga snake () venom-induced myotoxicity by Indian (Vins and Bharat) and Australian (Seqirus) polyvalent antivenoms, using the in vitro chick biventer skeletal muscle preparation. Prior addition of Bharat or Vins antivenoms abolished venom (30 µg/mL)-mediated inhibition of direct twitches, while Australian polyvalent antivenom was not protective. Bharat antivenom prevented, while Vins and Australian polyvalent antivenoms partially prevented, the inhibition of responses to exogenous KCl.

The Effect of Australian and Asian Commercial Antivenoms in Reversing the Post-Synaptic Neurotoxicity of , and Venoms In Vitro.

Despite antivenoms being the only established specific treatment for neuromuscular paralysis arising from snake envenoming, their ability to reverse the post-synaptic neurotoxicity in snake envenoming is poorly understood. We investigated the ability of five commercial antivenoms i.e.

Isolation and Characterization of Two Postsynaptic Neurotoxins From Indian Cobra () Venom.

The Indian Cobra () is among the "Big Four" responsible for most of the snakebite envenoming cases in India. Although recent proteomic studies suggest the presence of postsynaptic neurotoxins in venom, little is known about the pharmacology of these toxins. We isolated and characterized α-Elapitoxin-Nn2a (α-EPTX-Nn2a; 7020 Da) and α-Elapitoxin-Nn3a (α-EPTX-Nn3a; 7807 Da), a short-chain and long-chain postsynaptic neurotoxin, respectively, which constitute 1 and 3% of venom.

Isolation and Pharmacological Characterization of α-Elapitoxin-Oh3a, a Long-Chain Post-Synaptic Neurotoxin From King Cobra () Venom.

The King Cobra () is the world's largest venomous snake and has a widespread geographical distribution throughout Southeast Asia. Despite proteomic studies indicating the presence of postsynaptic neurotoxins in venom, there are few pharmacological investigations of these toxins. We isolated and characterized α-elapitoxin-Oh3a (α-EPTX-Oh3a; 7,938 Da), a long-chain postsynaptic neurotoxin, which constitutes 5% of venom.