Using off-gas testing to map mixing gradients and audit blower capacity.

A water resource recovery facility sited in a region at a high elevation has experienced the effects of over-designing its blowers. In this case study, we used off-gas analysis and site-specific power tariffs to quantify actual process loading and air requirements, and we quantitatively evaluated various options for blower replacement or upgrade. Off-gas analysis mapped the oxygen uptake rate at the surface of the tank, suggesting that the tanks were not evenly loaded across their sections.

Biological processes in seagrass beds of coastal lagoons to maintain estuary-dependent marine fisheries.

Following the planned FAO Ecosystem Restoration Programme for estuarine habitats to support estuarine fisheries and early life stages of estuary-dependent marine fish, direct relationships of total seagrass and eelgrass Zostera m. capricorni areas and biomass with fish harvest were derived for a range of slightly to highly urbanized coastal lagoons that are expected to support the larvae and juveniles of estuary-dependent marine fisheries. Fish harvest and seagrass area and biomass in the lagoons increased with moderate catchment total suspended sediment and total phosphorus loads due to lagoon flushing rates directing excess silt and nutrients out to sea via the lagoon entrances.

Quantifying strategies to minimize aerosol dispersion in dental clinics.

Many dental procedures are aerosol-generating and pose a risk for the spread of airborne diseases, including COVID-19. Several aerosol mitigation strategies are available to reduce aerosol dispersion in dental clinics, such as increasing room ventilation and using extra-oral suction devices and high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filtration units. However, many questions remain unanswered, including what the optimal device flow rate is and how long after a patient exits the room it is safe to start treatment of the next patient.

Long-term adjacent segment degeneration at average 21-year follow-up of posterior instrumented fusion for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.

Introduction: Posterior instrumented fusion for progressive adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is generally considered to have good outcomes, but very long-term reviews are rare. Data on adjacent segment degeneration (ASD) following posterior instrumented thoracic fusion for AIS are lacking. The primary aim was to assess the incidence of ASD and to correlate this with radiographic measures and patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs).

An analytical solution to ecosystem-based FMSY using trophic transfer efficiency of prey consumption to predator biological production.

A theoretical basis for Ecosystem-based Fisheries Management (EBFM) was derived for pelagic fish by applying marine ecology theory of analytical relationships of predator-prey biological production transfers between trophic levels to FAO guidelines for an ecosystem approach to fisheries. The aim is to describe a simple method for data-limited fisheries to estimate ecosystem-based FMSY and how EBFM modellers could mimic the way natural fish communities function for maintaining ecological processes of biological production, biomass and ecosystem stability. Ecosystem stability (ES) FMSY were estimated by proportion of biological production allocated to predators, giving ESFMSY of 0.

Predictors of the outcome of physiotherapy following a meniscus tear: A systematic review.

Background: Physiotherapy is indicated for treatment of a painful degenerative knee meniscus tear. Predicting the outcome remains uncertain.

Objective: The purpose of this systematic review was to identify which predictive factors are associated with the outcome of physiotherapy for degenerative knee meniscus tear.

Hall Technique: Knowledge and Attitudes of Pediatric Dentists in the United States.

To assess pediatric dentists' knowledge, attitudes, and factors associated with the use of the Hall technique (HT) in the United States.
An electronic questionnaire with a cover letter and consent form was sent to 6,277 active members of the American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry (AAPD) between April 15 and June 1, 2019. Descriptive and multivariate analyses were calculated.

Dental sealants and restorative treatment for first molars among Medicaid enrollees.

Objectives: To assess the association between dental sealant placement and subsequent restorative treatment of permanent first molars over time.

Methods: We analysed Wisconsin Medicaid claims data from 2001 to 2009 for children aged 6-16 years. Children entered the study cohort at age 6 and were censored if Medicaid eligibility was lost for >31 days.

Assessing cost-effective nutrient removal solutions in the urban water system.

Many states are adopting more stringent nutrient load restrictions, requiring utilities to invest in costly improvements. To date, substantial research has been done to independently assess the nutrient removal efficacy of wastewater treatment technologies and stormwater control measures. The analysis presented here provides a unique assessment by evaluating combinations of nutrient load reduction strategies across water supply, wastewater, and stormwater sectors.

Two novel intragenic variants in the FMR1 gene in patients with suspect clinical diagnosis of Fragile X syndrome and no CGG repeat expansion.

The major and most well-studied genetic cause of Fragile-X syndrome (FXS) is expansion of a CGG repeat in the 5'-UTR of the FMR1 gene. Routine testing for this expansion is performed globally. Overall, there is a paucity of intragenic variants explaining FXS, a fact which is being addressed by a more systematic application of whole exome (WES) and whole genome (WGS) sequencing, even in the diagnostic setting.

Development of generalized empirical models for comparing effectiveness of wastewater nutrient removal technologies.

The effectiveness of nutrient removal approaches was quantified at four wastewater treatment facilities (WWTFs) using mechanistic models. Generalized empirical models were developed applying statistical methods on the predicted values characterizing nutrient removal as a function of influent wastewater quality. The empirical models provide a framework to estimate nutrient removal effectiveness and inform system-level decisions on technology adoption.

Prevalence of molar-incisor hypomineralization in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA: a pilot study.

This pilot study investigated the prevalence of Molar-Incisor Hypomineralization (MIH) in third-grade school children in Milwaukee Wisconsin, USA. A convenience sample of third-grade school children in the Milwaukee Public School System (MPS) participated in the study. Calibrated examiners trained on the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry (EAPD) MIH recommendations examined the children between December 1, 2014 and June 30, 2015.

[Home Enteral Nutrition (NED) in children and adolescents. Recommendations of the Nutrition Branch of the Chilean Society of Pediatrics].

The use of home enteral or parenteral nutrition has been a necessary step in the optimization of nu tritional support in patients who, due to several diseases, fail to meet their nutritional requirements by oral feeding. This article presents the recommendations of the Chilean Pediatric Society Nutritio nal Branch, aimed at health teams that treat pediatric patients who require enteral feeding for a long time. The general objective is to provide guidelines for the proper management of these patients.

Dental root abnormalities in four children with PHACE syndrome.

PHACE(S) syndrome is a condition characterized by posterior fossa malformations, hemangiomas, arterial anomalies, cardiac defects, eye abnormalities, sternal cleft, and supraumbilical raphe. We present four children with PHACE(S) syndrome who have absence of or severe malformation of the roots of their permanent first molars (PFMs). Root abnormalities in the children's molars were bilateral and not restricted to the segments affected by cutaneous hemangioma.

Creation of a predictive equation to estimate fat-free mass and the ratio of fat-free mass to skeletal size using morphometry in lean working farm dogs.

AIMS To develop an equation that accurately estimates fat-free mass (FFM) and the ratio of FFM to skeletal size or mass, using morphometric measurements in lean working farm dogs, and to examine the association between FFM derived from body condition score (BCS) and FFM measured using isotope dilution. METHODS Thirteen Huntaway and seven Heading working dogs from sheep and beef farms in the Waikato region of New Zealand were recruited based on BCS (BCS < 3, 3-4, > 4) using a nine-point scale. Bodyweight, BCS, and morphometric measurements (head length and circumference, body length, thoracic girth, and fore and hind limb length) were recorded for each dog, and body composition was measured using an isotopic dilution technique.

The Regulation of Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem-cells into Skeletal Muscle: A Look at Signalling Molecules Involved in Myogenesis.

Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) are an attractive option for the development of treatment for musculoskeletal pathologies due to their wide availability, clinical safety and multiple techniques available. Understanding the control of MSC differentiation into skeletal muscle is vital for developing protocols and therapeutic applications that are safe and effective. This paper therefore aims to review the current understanding of factors that regulate the differentiation of MSCs into skeletal muscle.

Resistance to a triple-combination anthelmintic in Trichostrongylus spp. on a commercial sheep farm in New Zealand.

Aim: To evaluate resistance to anthelmintics containing abamectin, levamisole, and oxfendazole (AB-LEV-OX), derquantal and abamectin (DEQ-AB), moxidectin, and monepantel in naturally acquired gastrointestinal nematodes present on a sheep farm.

Methods: Faecal nematode egg count reduction tests (FECRT) were carried out on lambs that were approximately 7 months-old and infected with naturally acquired nematodes. Lambs were randomly allocated to one of five groups (n=15 per group): treatment with 2 mg/kg derquantel and 0.

When the Great Masquerader Reveals Itself-Tuberculosis.

Pneumonia is a clinical diagnosis often treated empirically and successfully on an outpatient basis. When a patient fails to improve, the clinician is left to revisit the differential of pathogens and reconsider the host. Admission, imaging, and invasive and noninvasive testing are part of the toolkit for the severe or atypical case of pneumonia.

Archaeal orthologs of Cdc45 and GINS form a stable complex that stimulates the helicase activity of MCM.

The regulated recruitment of Cdc45 and GINS is key to activating the eukaryotic MCM(2-7) replicative helicase. We demonstrate that the homohexameric archaeal MCM helicase associates with orthologs of GINS and Cdc45 in vivo and in vitro. Association of these factors with MCM robustly stimulates the MCM helicase activity.

Biochemical and spectroscopic characterization of purified Latex Clearing Protein (Lcp) from newly isolated rubber degrading Rhodococcus rhodochrous strain RPK1 reveals novel properties of Lcp.

Background: Biodegradation of rubber (polyisoprene) is initiated by oxidative cleavage of the polyisoprene backbone and is performed either by an extracellular rubber oxygenase (RoxA) from Gram-negative rubber degrading bacteria or by a latex clearing protein (Lcp) secreted by Gram-positive rubber degrading bacteria. Only little is known on the biochemistry of polyisoprene cleavage by Lcp and on the types and functions of the involved cofactors.

Results: A rubber-degrading bacterium was isolated from the effluent of a rubber-processing factory and was taxonomically identified as a Rhodococcus rhodochrous species.

Efficient production of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) from Pseudomonas mendocina PSU using a biodiesel liquid waste (BLW) as the sole carbon source.

Conditions for the optimal production of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) by Pseudomonas mendocina PSU using a biodiesel liquid waste (BLW) were determined by response surface methodology. These were an initial carbon to nitrogen ratio (C/N) of 40 (mole/mole), an initial pH of 7.0, and a temperature of 35 °C.

When medical devices fail: Lessons learned in a hemodialysis unit.

Technology and medical equipment devices have become integrated in the delivery of health care. These technologies and devices can introduce new risks, either through user error or malfunction. When these incidents occur, it is important they are reported so that learning and improvements are possible.