Improving integrated care for (future) parents facing vulnerable circumstances in the early life course of their (future) child: An action research protocol.

Introduction: Suboptimal circumstances during the early life course, ranging from 100 days before conception to 1000 days following birth, significantly impact a child's future health and well-being. To optimize these circumstances, collaboration is needed which includes professionals working in medical, social and public domains, as well as parents. This action research protocol aims to improve care for (future) parents facing suboptimal circumstances during the early life course by enhancing inter-professional, cross-domain collaboration and (future) parents-professional collaboration.

Editorial: Equity, diversity and inclusion in child and adolescent mental health - equality of opportunities should be every child's right and every society's obligation.

Socio-ecological factors are major determinants of poor mental health across the life span. These factors can lead to health inequalities, which refer to differences in the health of individuals or groups (Kirkbride et al., 2024).

Apparatus to measure density and viscosity of high-pressure carbon dioxide-alcohol mixtures.

Thermophysical properties of (single phase) binary CO2-alcohol mixtures under high pressure and moderate temperature conditions are important in supercritical fluid processes. An apparatus to measure mixture density as a function of temperature (up to 80 °C) and pressure (up to 15.9 MPa) over the full range of CO2 mass fractions was designed and commissioned.

Impact of the Russian Invasion on Mental Health of Adolescents in Ukraine.

Objective: Very limited evidence is available on the psychological impact of war on adolescents in Ukraine. This study compared war experiences and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety and depression in adolescents living in war-torn and peaceful regions of Ukraine, more than 2 years after Russia first invaded in 2014.

Method: The cross-sectional study included 2,766 students aged 11 to 17 years living in the war-torn Donetsk region and in Kirovograd in central Ukraine.

Thinking about young refugees' mental health following the Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022.

The Russian invasion of Ukraine on 24th February 2022 has prompted this article to summarise some of the salient mental health issues experienced by young asylum seekers and refugees focussing on resettlement countries, drawing on the substantial literature, for Child and Adolescent Mental Health Practitioners. Firstly, the various UNHCR categories of persons affected by war and persecution and statistics are described. By July 2022, over 100 million people globally were of concern to UNHCR, a number increased by the many millions of refugees fleeing Ukraine to neighbouring countries.

Obsessive-compulsive disorder in treatment seeking children & adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: Few studies have investigated the COVID-19 pandemic's effect on children and adolescents with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). This study aims to investigate whether the pandemic is associated with increased referral of young people with OCD, any changes in their symptom severity and treatment offered.

Methods: Service data were used to investigate 58 young people (8-17 years) referred and assessed in the Central and Northwest London NHS Foundation Trust Child and Adolescent Mental Health Service (CAMHS), before and during the COVID-19 pandemic (months March-October 2018-2020).

Life-threatening obsessive-compulsive disorder precipitated by the COVID-19 pandemic in an adolescent.

The COVID-19 pandemic starting in 2020 has had massive mental health consequences worldwide. It has caused generalised fear and anxiety about catching, spreading and suffering from the virus. This article describes a fictionalised patient's presentation of life-threatening obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) associated with fears of catching COVID-19.

Experiences of patients and health care professionals on the quality of telephone follow-up care during the COVID-19 pandemic: a large qualitative study in a multidisciplinary academic setting.

Objective: To evaluate the perceived quality of follow-up telephone consultations (TCs) from the perspective of patients and healthcare professionals (HCPs) of multiple medical disciplines during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Design: A qualitative study using semi-structured interviews and reflexive thematic analysis.

Setting: Seven medical disciplines (general dermatology, dermato-oncology, head and neck oncology, internal medicine, medical oncology, gynaecological oncology and surgical oncology) at a large university hospital in the Netherlands.

The COVID-19 pandemic and obsessive-compulsive disorder in young people: Systematic review.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the world since the first cases were reported in China in January 2020. The secondary mental health impacts of the pandemic are thought to be significant. Obsessive-compulsive disorder is a condition defined by recurrent obsessions and compulsions.

Therapy competence in delivering a brief cognitive behavioural therapy intervention to reduce maternal anxiety associated with child food allergy.

Child food allergy is increasingly prevalent, and caring for such children is associated with elevated parental anxiety. We previously carried out a randomized-controlled trial (RCT) of brief cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) for parental anxiety associated with child food allergy which found that treatment to be effective. This study describes the manualized brief CBT intervention and assesses the acquisition of competence in delivering this therapy.

Pervasive refusal syndrome in asylum-seeking children: Review of the current evidence.

This study reviews the current evidence in pervasive refusal syndrome (PRS) in asylum-seeking children. Refugees can experience a variety of traumas throughout the process of migration. Children can be exposed to multiple traumas such as experienced or witnessed physical or sexual violence, loss and bereavement, parental separation and the threat of persecution and/or kidnapping.

New developments in the mental health of refugee children and adolescents.

The increase in refugees globally since 2010 and the arrival of many into Europe since 2015, around 50% of whom are under 18 years, have been the stimulus to greater investigation and publications regarding their mental health. This clinical review summarises selected themes in the field as described in the published literature since 2016. The themes include refugee statistics, premigration and postmigration experiences, psychopathology focusing on parent-child relationships, unaccompanied refugee minors and associations between resettlement, acculturation and mental health.

Prevention of psychological distress and promotion of resilience amongst unaccompanied refugee minors in resettlement countries.

Aim: As increasing numbers of unaccompanied refugee minors (URMs) are arriving in Europe, there is a need to investigate which factors promote psychological resilience and improve their mental health. This review aims to identify preventive post settlement influences, including living arrangements, access to mental health services, and effective treatments that may improve mental health outcomes.

Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted of published papers in any language for children (<18 years) entering a host country, unaccompanied and seeking asylum.

Practitioner Review: Mental health problems of refugee children and adolescents and their management.

Background: Since 2010, the numbers of refugees have increased and around half are under 18 years of age. It is known that experience of organised violence, displacement and resettlement increases the risk for psychiatric disorders and psychosocial impairment. This review integrates recent research into the risk and protective factors for psychopathology with service and treatment issues.

Cultural and Religious Variation in Attitudes to Young People Consenting to Health Interventions.

There is a limited amount of empirical data available regarding the cultural and religious variation in perceptions about the age when young people should be regarded as competent to make decisions in health settings. A public survey of 400 adults from diverse religious and ethnic backgrounds was conducted in the UK and Spain. Attitudes were assessed using case vignettes.

Refugees in Europe: national overviews from key countries with a special focus on child and adolescent mental health.

Many European countries are becoming multicultural at a previously unseen rate. The number of immigrants including refugees has considerably increased since 2008, and especially after the beginning of the war in Syria. In 2015, 88,300 unaccompanied minors sought asylum in the Member States of the European Union (EU) and most came from Syria, Afghanistan, Iran, Iraq, Somalia and Eritrea.

A review of adolescent autobiographical memory and the implications for assessment of unaccompanied minors' refugee determinations.

The number of unaccompanied asylum-seeking children (UASC) is increasing, and unlike those who arrive with their parents, UASC are subject to interview to determine refugee status. The limited amount of objective evidence available in most asylum claims means that the UASC's account of their experiences often becomes key in deciding whether or not the young person is granted protection. Research indicates that assumptions about human memory influence decision-makers' views on asylum seekers' accounts; however, these do not necessarily appear to fit with the published research on autobiographical memory and may lead to an unfair decision.

Effects of video-feedback intervention on harmonious parent-child interaction and sensitive discipline of parents with intellectual disabilities: A randomized controlled trial.

Background: This study tested whether video-feedback intervention based on attachment and coercion theory increased harmonious parent-child interaction and sensitive discipline of parents with mild intellectual disabilities or borderline intellectual functioning.

Methods: Observer ratings of video-recorded structured interaction tasks at home formed pretest, post-test, and 3-month follow-up outcome data in a randomized controlled trial with 85 families. Repeated measures analyses of variance and covariance were conducted to test for the intervention effect and possible moderation by IQ and adaptive functioning.

Parents with intellectual disability.

Questions around parents with intellectual disability have changed according to sociocultural shifts in the position and rights of people with intellectual disability. The early research focus on capacity for parenting has given way to a contextual model of parenting and child outcomes, increasingly tested in population-based samples. Epidemiological research shows that contextual variables such as low income, exposure to violence, and poor mental health partly account for negative outcomes.

A brief psychological intervention for mothers of children with food allergy can change risk perception and reduce anxiety: Outcomes of a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Mothers of children with food allergy have increased anxiety, which may be influenced by healthcare professionals' communication of risk.

Objective: To evaluate a brief psychological intervention for reducing anxiety in mothers of children with food allergy.

Methods: Two hundred mothers of children with food allergy were recruited from allergy clinics.

Alleviating Parenting Stress in Parents with Intellectual Disabilities: A Randomized Controlled Trial of a Video-feedback Intervention to Promote Positive Parenting.

Background: Adapted parenting support may alleviate the high levels of parenting stress experienced by many parents with intellectual disabilities.

Methods: Parents with mild intellectual disabilities or borderline intellectual functioning were randomized to experimental (n = 43) and control (n = 42) conditions. Parents in both groups received care-as-usual.