Fecal microbiome composition in neonates with or without urinary tract infection.

Background: Most infants with febrile urinary tract infection (UTI) do not have an underlying anatomical risk factor. Thus, other non-anatomical risk factors should be considered. Since the most common pathogens arise from the fecal microbiota, our aim was to investigate whether the gut microbiota composition differs between febrile infants younger than 2 months with or without UTI.

Electronically Monitored Adherence to Short-Term Antibiotic Therapy in Children.

Background: Nonadherence to short-term antibiotic treatment in children can lead to treatment failure and the development of drug-resistant microorganisms. We aimed to provide reliable adherence estimates in this population.

Methods: A prospective, blinded, electronically monitored, observational study between January 2018 and October 2021.

SARS-CoV-2-Specific Antibodies in Breast Milk After COVID-19 Vaccination of Breastfeeding Women.

This prospective study investigated whether antibodies from SARS-CoV-2 immunization of nursing mothers transferred to infants as a potentially protective effect.

Presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA on playground surfaces and water fountains.

The possibility of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission by fomites or environmental surfaces has been suggested. It is unclear if SARS-CoV-2 can be detected in outdoor public areas. The objective of the current study was to assess the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in environmental samples collected at public playgrounds and water fountains, in a country with high disease prevalence.

Maternal vaccinations coverage and reasons for non-compliance - a cross-sectional observational study.

Background: Maternal influenza and pertussis vaccinations have been proven safe and effective in reducing maternal and infant morbidity and mortality. Though recommended, not all pregnant women receive these important vaccines. We aimed to evaluate the vaccine coverage of maternal immunization in pregnancy for seasonal influenza and acellular pertussis and elucidate the reasons for non-vaccination among pregnant women.