Comparative toxicity of three variant oils and their nanoemulsions on the brown dog tick Rhipicephalus sanguineus.

Tick control mainly depends on using chemical acaricides that have led to the emergence of resistant tick populations along with environmental hazards. Natural alternatives including essential oils are now widely used to avoid the undesirable effects of chemicals on human, animals and environment. In this study, three commercial oils (myrrh, patchouli, and cypress) and their nanoemulsions (NEs) were tested against Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato unfed adults.

Molecular and serological diagnosis of the circulating Trypanosoma evansi in Egyptian livestock with risk factors assessment.

This study aimed to characterize and determine the prevalence and the associated risk factors of trypanosomiasis in different Egyptian livestock from various governorates using molecular and serological techniques, adding to an assessment of some biochemical alterations in serum samples. A total 1019 blood samples were collected from nine governorates in the period from January 2020 to September 2021 from cattle (n = 752), buffaloes (n = 42), sheep (n = 65), goats (n = 60), donkeys (n = 54), and horses (n = 46). Molecular investigation followed by sequencing confirmed the presence of only Trypanosoma evansi (T.

Biochemical analysis of Hyalomma dromedarii salivary glands and gut tissues using SR-FTIR micro-spectroscopy.

Ticks are obligatory voracious blood feeders infesting diverse vertebrate hosts, that have a crucial role in the transmission of diverse pathogens that threaten human and animal health. The continuous emergence of tick-borne diseases due to combined worldwide climatic changes, human activities, and acaricide-resistant tick strains, necessitates the development of novel ameliorative tick control strategies such as vaccines. The synchrotron-based Fourier transform infrared micro-spectroscopy (SR-FTIR) is a bioanalytical microprobe capable of exploring the molecular chemistry within microstructures at a cellular or subcellular level and is considered as a nondestructive analytical approach for biological specimens.

Acaricidal Efficacy of Biosynthesized Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Against Hyalomma dromedarii (Acari: Ixodidae) and Their Toxic Effects on Swiss Albino Mice.

Purpose: The current study aimed to investigate the efficacy of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) synthesized by Melia azedarach aqueous extract to control Hyalomma dromedarii tick, and to evaluate their toxic effects on Swiss albino mice.

Methods: ZnO NPs were synthesized using M. azedarach aqueous extract.

Acaricidal activity of Artemisia herba-alba and Melia azedarach oil nanoemulsion against Hyalomma dromedarii and their toxicity on Swiss albino mice.

Biopesticides such as essential oils (EOs) are considered an improvement for integrated pest control as they appear to be less toxic to the environment than chemical acaricides. The current study aimed to evaluate the acaricidal activity of Artemisia herba-alba and Melia azedarach oil loaded nano-emulsion as alternatives for chemical acaricides against the camel tick Hyalomma dromedarii, besides evaluating their toxic effect on Swiss albino mice. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used for the characterization of loaded nano-emulsions.

In vitro acaricidal activity of green synthesized nickel oxide nanoparticles against the camel tick, Hyalomma dromedarii (Ixodidae), and its toxicity on Swiss albino mice.

The green synthesized nanoparticles have been determined as a novel pesticide against arthropod pests. This study was designed to evaluate the in vitro acaricidal activity of green synthesized nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiO NPs) using aqueous extract of Melia azedarach ripened fruits against different developmental stages of the camel tick Hyalomma dromedarii in addition to their toxic effect on laboratory animals. The synthesized NiO NPs were characterized by UV-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS).

In vitro acaricidal effect of and - extracts on (Acari: Ixodidae): embryonated eggs and engorged nymphs.

The present study aimed to evaluate the in vitro efficacy of four medicinal plant extracts: petroleum ether and ethyl alcohol extracts of the ripen fruits of and whole aerial parts of - against the two inactive stages of the camel tick , embryonated eggs and engorged nymphs in comparison to reference acaricide Butox5.0 (Deltamethrin). Egg and nymphal immersion tests at four concentrations with three replicates were used.