Cysteic acid grafted to magnetic graphene oxide as a promising recoverable solid acid catalyst for the synthesis of diverse 4H-chromene.

4H-chromenes play a significant role in natural and pharmacological products. Despite continuous advances in the synthesis methodology of these compounds, there is still a lack of a green and efficient method. In this study, we have designed cysteic acid chemically attached to magnetic graphene oxide (MNPs·GO-CysA) as an efficient and reusable solid acid catalyst to synthesize 4H-chromene skeletons via a one-pot three components reaction of an enolizable compound, malononitrile, an aldehyde or isatin, and a mixture of water-ethanol as a green solvent.

[Hydrothorax of hepatic origin. Description of a clinical case, pathophysiology].

We admitted a 60 year old patient with severe right hydrothorax. He was known to suffer from decompensated non-alcoholic cirrhosis. His invaliding dyspnea was only temporarily improved by repeated thoracocentesis, due to the very rapid refilling of the thorax from the ascites; until the development of a "tension hydrothorax" with dangerous mediastinal deviation.