Advancements in electrochemical sensor technology for warfarin detection: a comprehensive review.

Warfarin (WA), the most prescribed oral anticoagulant in patients with atrial fibrillation, is widely utilized for the treatment of various diseases, such as vascular disorders, venous thrombosis, and atrial fibrillation. However, its abnormal concentration is linked to a variety of disorders and diseases, namely bleeding while brushing teeth, skin tissue issues, hair loss, and chest pain. Therefore, WA monitoring in blood serum is vital due to its narrow therapeutic window.

Smartphone-assisted quantitative colorimetric identification of thrombin based on peroxidase mimetic features of fibrinogen-gold nanozymes.

Fibrinogen-modified gold nanoparticles (Fib-AuNPs) and 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) substrate besides hydrogen peroxide (HO) were applied for assessment of the biomarker thrombin. Fib-AuNPs have catalytic active sites for the oxidation of TMB besides HO and cause the color change of the substrate. Moreover, they can lead to the enhancement in the absorption wavelengths of 650 and 370 nm.

Advanced sensing platform for electrochemical monitoring of the environmental toxin; bisphenol A.

Environmental xenoestrogen, Bisphenol A (BPA), is a vitally important industrial raw chemical which can bring about a wide variety of adverse impacts on our health and environment. Therefore, it is imperative to develop efficacious systems to measure BPA and improve the life quality. Herein, a mixture of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiONPs) and glutaraldehyde cross-linked chitosan (GA-CS) loaded into a carbon nanotubes paste matrix to construct a novel electrochemical sensor (TiONPs/GA-CS/CNTPE) with a synergetic intensified current signal for the quantitative analysis of BPA.