The effect of gingival retraction procedures on periodontal indices and crevicular fluid cytokine levels: a pilot study.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of placement of retraction cord subgingivally upon periodontal indices including plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), pocket depth (PD), bleeding on probing (BOP), and attachment level (AL), as well as gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and TNF-alpha levels.

Methods: Ten teeth in 6 patients who were periodontally healthy were selected. These teeth had pocket depths of 3 mm or less, no evidence of significant loss of attachment, BOP, or plaque accumulation.

Resistance to crown displacement on a hexagonal implant abutment.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the resistance and retention of a hexagonal abutment to crown displacement with varying crown heights (10, 12, and 14 mm) and axis of load. Implants were embedded in resin blocks at a 30 degree angle to the vertical. Crowns were made at heights of 10, 12, and 14 mm.