How are apprentice satisfaction and concerns changing as a consequence of the coronavirus pandemic?

For more than a year, the coronavirus pandemic has severely restricted everyday life. This has had an impact on the economy, on working life and on the organisation of school routines. Apprentices in dual vocational training have been doubly challenged as they have had to cope with changes both at work and at vocational school.

Refinement of velopharyngoplasty in patients with cleft palate by covering the pharyngeal flap with nasal mucosa from the velum.

The velopharyngoplasty performed using the popular Sanvenero-Rosselli method improves the speech quality of patients with cleft palate suffering from persistent velopharyngeal insufficiency despite successful closure of the hard and soft palates. However, often a relatively narrow pharyngeal bridge results due to healing not only by granulation and scar contraction, but also due to the insertion of the inferior tip of the flap into a narrow bed. Elevation of two velar flaps with nasal mucosa to cover the exposed muscular undersurface of the pharyngeal flap produces a broader recipient bed into which the pharyngeal flap can be spread.

[Speech improvement with velopharyngoplasty in patients with lip-jaw-palate clefts].

Background: Despite successful closure of the hard and soft palate and intensive speech therapy a velopharyngeal insufficiency is not completely avoidable in each case of cleft palate. An improvement by velopharyngoplasty should be possible.

Patients And Methods: Two hundred and ninety patients suffering from cleft palate were examined before and one year after velopharyngoplasty according to Sanvenero-Rosselli.

Unilateral cleft lip and palate. Relationship between morphology of the dentition and functional parameters of the tongue.

The relationship between orthodontic and logopedic findings was evaluated with statistical contingency analysis. The investigation was focused on selected dentomorphologic parameters and oral function/malfunction of 100 patients between 3 and 7 years of age with unilateral cleft lip and palate. For further classification into contingency tables "normal" and "abnormal" attributes were defined.

[Early education of children with clefts with special regard to logopedics].

Unlabelled: Necessity for early education: --general early education goal, contents, methods and forms of organization, --special early education--rehabilitative logopaedics goal, contents, methods and forms of organization incoherent logopaedic care coherent logopaedic care instruction of parents and co-operation with nurseries and nursery schools to realize early education.

Conclusions: realization of the rehabilitative-paedagogical early education of the cleft child.