The enigmatic Notolathrus sensitivus Remes Lenicov, 1992 (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Cixiidae): supplementary description and conservation status.

Notolathrus sensitivus holds the distinction of being the first cave-restricted planthopper species documented in South America, and currently stands as the sole known troglobitic Fulgoromorpha species in Argentina. This paper presents a comprehensive supplementary description of N. sensitivus, incorporating newly collected male and female specimens.

Bridging biotremology and chemical ecology: a new terminology.

Living organisms use both chemical and mechanical stimuli to survive in their environment. Substrate-borne vibrations play a significant role in mediating behaviors in animals and inducing physiological responses in plants, leading to the emergence of the discipline of biotremology. Biotremology is experiencing rapid growth both in fundamental research and in applications like pest control, drawing attention from diverse audiences.

Adaptive shifts in Neotropical planthoppers: new troglobitic species and the first surface species of Ferricixius Hoch & Ferreira, 2012 (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Cixiidae) from Brazilian caves.

Here we describe three cixiid species new to science which we assign to the hitherto monotypic genus Ferricixius Hoch & Ferreira, 2012 from Brazil. Ferricixius michaeli sp. nov.

Adhesive properties of Aphrophoridae spittlebug foam.

spittlebug nymphs produce a wet foam from anal excrement fluid, covering and protecting themselves against numerous impacts. Foam fluid contact angles on normal (26°) and silanized glass (37°) suggest that the foam wets various substrates, including plant and arthropod surfaces. The pull-off force depends on the hydration state and is higher the more dry the fluid.

Inhibition of p38 MAPK decreases hyperglycemia-induced nephrin endocytosis and attenuates albuminuria.

Chronic hyperglycemia, as in diabetes mellitus, may cause glomerular damage with microalbuminuria as an early sign. Noteworthy, even acute hyperglycemia can increase glomerular permeability before structural damage of the glomerular filter can be detected. Despite intensive research, specific antiproteinuric therapy is not available so far.

Large abdominal mechanoreceptive sense organs in small plant-dwelling insects.

The Hemiptera, with approximately 98 000 species, is one of the largest insect orders. Most species feed by sucking sap from plant tissues and are thus often vectors for economically important phytopathogens. Well known within this group are the large cicadas (Cicadomorpha: Cicadoidea: Cicadidae) because they produce extremely loud airborne sounds.

2A-Adrenoceptors Modulate Renal Sympathetic Neurotransmission and Protect against Hypertensive Kidney Disease.

Background: Increased nerve activity causes hypertension and kidney disease. Recent studies suggest that renal denervation reduces BP in patients with hypertension. Renal NE release is regulated by prejunctional 2A-adrenoceptors on sympathetic nerves, and 2A-adrenoceptors act as autoreceptors by binding endogenous NE to inhibit its own release.

Primary care provider preferences for glucocorticoid management of acute asthma exacerbations in children.

Objective: Primary care providers (PCP) frequently care for children with acute asthma exacerbations in the outpatient setting. The objective of this study is to evaluate PCP preferences and perceptions regarding oral glucocorticoids prescribed from both outpatient primary care and ED settings for the treatment of children with acute asthma exacerbations.

Methods: PCPs belonging to the Colorado Chapter of the American Academy of Pediatrics were surveyed between February and May 2019.

Challenges in managing difficult-to-treat asthma in children: Stop, look, and listen.

It is recognized that asthma places a significant economic burden on the United States, with a total cost of $81.9 billion total costs including costs incurred by absenteeism and mortality. Severe asthma places a large burden of morbidity on children and their caregivers, including severe exacerbations, medication side effects, increased missed school days leading to impaired school performance, and lower caregiver quality of life.

Assessing asthma control: comparison of electronic-recorded short-acting beta-agonist rescue use and self-reported use utilizing the asthma control test.

Question 4 (Q4) of the Asthma Control Test (ACT) asks patients to report their SABA use over the prior 4 weeks, a criterion for evaluating the impairment domain of asthma control. Biases in recall may lead to a misclassification of asthma control and has implications for asthma control determination and management strategies. To correlate objective electronic-recorded short-acting beta-agonist (SABA) use with self-reported use via Q4 of the ACT.

Steroid variability in pediatric inpatient asthmatics: survey on provider preferences of dexamethasone versus prednisone.

: Our hospital's pediatric Emergency Department (ED) began using dexamethasone for treating asthma exacerbations after ED studies showed non-inferiority of dexamethasone compared to prednisone. However, providers have not reached consensus on optimal inpatient steroid regimen. This study evaluates provider preference for inpatient steroid treatment.

[Renal cortical necrosis after application of tranexamic acid in peripartal hemorrhage].

History: A 28-years old patient delivers a daughter by primary caesarian section (41. WOP) in breech presentation after a complication-free pregnancy except increased blood pressure readings at the morning of caesarian section. During the caesarian section a major bleeding of the atonic uterus with hemorrhagic shock appears.

Asthma in Children: A Brief Review for Primary Care Providers.

Pediatric asthma is a common chronic condition with wide-ranging implications for children's health, their families, and the health care system. The diagnosis may be relatively straightforward for the child with characteristic symptoms, triggers, and response to therapy, but there are other less common presentations that can make the diagnosis challenging. Diagnosing asthma in a toddler with recurrent wheezing can be particularly difficult.

Outcomes for Pediatric Asthmatic Inpatients After Implementation of an Emergency Department Dexamethasone Treatment Protocol.

Objectives: Evidence supports using dexamethasone for mild-to-moderate asthma exacerbations in the emergency department, but the effectiveness of dexamethasone versus prednisone for asthmatic patients who are hospitalized is unclear. Our aim was to compare outcomes for inpatients before and after our emergency department's adoption of dexamethasone for the treatment of acute asthma exacerbations.

Methods: In this single-center retrospective cohort study, we employed interrupted time series analyses to control for secular trends while evaluating our outcomes of length of stay, total inflation-adjusted hospital charges, and ICU transfer rates for patients admitted with asthma.

Clinical outcomes in U.S. infants with cystic fibrosis from 2001 to 2012.

Background: All 50 United States implemented newborn screening (NBS) for cystic fibrosis (CF) by 2010. The purpose of this study was to evaluate trends over the decade when NBS became universal to determine current rates of malnutrition, stunting, and infection rates in U.S.

Impact of the NO-Sensitive Guanylyl Cyclase 1 and 2 on Renal Blood Flow and Systemic Blood Pressure in Mice.

Nitric oxide (NO) modulates renal blood flow (RBF) and kidney function and is involved in blood pressure (BP) regulation predominantly via stimulation of the NO-sensitive guanylyl cyclase (NO-GC), existing in two isoforms, NO-GC1 and NO-GC2. Here, we used isoform-specific knockout (KO) mice and investigated their contribution to renal hemodynamics under normotensive and angiotensin II-induced hypertensive conditions. Stimulation of the NO-GCs by -nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) reduced BP in normotensive and hypertensive wildtype (WT) and NO-GC2-KO mice more efficiently than in NO-GC1-KO.

Can we predict fall asthma exacerbations? Validation of the seasonal asthma exacerbation index.

Background: A Seasonal Asthma Exacerbation Predictive Index (saEPI) was previously reported based on 2 prior National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Inner City Asthma Consortium trials.

Objective: This study sought to validate the saEPI in a separate trial designed to prevent fall exacerbations with omalizumab therapy.

Methods: The saEPI and its components were analyzed to characterize those who had an asthma exacerbation during the Preventative Omalizumab or Step-Up Therapy for Fall Exacerbations (PROSE) study.

Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibition ameliorates angiotensin II-dependent hypertension and renal vascular dysfunction.

Changes in renal hemodynamics have a major impact on blood pressure (BP). Angiotensin (Ang) II has been shown to induce vascular dysfunction by interacting with phosphodiesterase (PDE)1 and PDE5. The predominant PDE isoform responsible for renal vascular dysfunction in hypertension is unknown.