Evaluation of a Pilot College Student-Based Physical Activity Implementation Strategy in a Rural Middle School.

Background: Physical inactivity in the U.S. poses a significant risk of developing chronic health factors associated with cardiovascular disease.

Improving Sleep in People with HIV and Chronic Pain: A Pilot Study of Brief Behavioral Treatment for Insomnia.

Objectives: Insomnia and chronic pain are common symptoms in people with HIV. Poor sleep has been associated with chronic pain. While cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia improves insomnia in clinical populations, there are barriers to people with HIV accessing treatment including the lack of trained providers and lengthy sessions.

Refined Feasibility Testing of an 8-Week Sport and Physical Activity Intervention in a Rural Middle School.

This study examines how the 8-week Hoosier Sport program impacts cardiovascular disease (CVD) risks by promoting physical activity (PA) among rural, low-income children. Using a human-centered participatory co-design approach, the program aimed to increase PA levels (e.g.

Evaluating the feasibility and acceptability of a co-designed physical activity intervention for rural middle schoolers: a pilot study.

Background: Lack of physical activity is a concern for children across diverse backgrounds, particularly affecting those in rural areas who face distinct challenges compared to their urban counterparts. Community-derived interventions are needed that consider the unique context and additional physical activity barriers in under-resourced rural settings. Therefore, a prospective pre-post pilot/feasibility study of Hoosier Sport was conducted over 8-weeks with 6th and 7th grade children in a low-socioeconomic rural middle school setting.

Systemic delivery of bictegravir and tenofovir alafenamide using dissolving microneedles for HIV preexposure prophylaxis.

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) continues to pose a serious threat to global health. Oral preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP), considered highly effective for HIV prevention, is the utilisation of antiretroviral (ARV) drugs before HIV exposure in high-risk uninfected individuals. However, ARV drugs are associated with poor patient compliance and pill fatigue due to their daily oral dosing.

Human-centered participatory co-design with children and adults for a prototype lifestyle intervention and implementation strategy in a rural middle school.

Purpose: The significance of regular physical activity (PA) in reducing cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk is widely acknowledged. However, children in rural areas encounter specific barriers to PA compared to their urban counterparts. This study employs human-centered participatory co-design, involving community stakeholders in developing a multi-level PA intervention named Hoosier Sport.

Dial-a-base mechanochemical synthesis of N-heterocyclic carbene copper complexes.

Liquid assisted ball milling of [NHC]HBr (NHC = N-heterocyclic carbene) salts with copper(I) chloride, and a range of alkali metal complexes was shown to efficiently produce (NHC)CuX (NHC = normal or RE-NHC, X = halide, alkoxide, amide, alkyl, aryl; RE-NHC = ring-expanded NHC).

Race-specific associations: inflammatory mediators and chronic low back pain.

Chronic low back pain (cLBP) is a global health crisis that disproportionately burdens non-Hispanic Black (NHB) individuals, compared with those who identify as non-Hispanic White (NHW). Despite the growing personal and societal impact of cLBP, its biological underpinnings remain poorly understood. To elucidate the biological factors that underlie the racial disparities in cLBP, this study sought to determine whether inflammatory mediators associated with pain interference (PI), pain at rest (PAR), and movement-evoked pain (MEP) differ as a function of racial identity.

Tailored Catalysis Inducing Exceptionally Fire-Safe and Mechanically Reinforced Epoxy at An Ultralow Loading.

An unconventional P/N/Si-free fire safety of epoxy at an ultralow loading with a significantly improved mechanical robustness and toughness via a mere nanocomposite technique is a great challenge. To achieve the goal, a proof of concept is proposed associated with a hierarchical manipulation of catalysis-tailored FeS ultrathin nanosheets on organic-layered double hydroxide (LDH-DBS@FeS) toward the formation of porous piling structure via a self-sacrificing conversion of metal-organic framework. A sufficient characterization certified the targeted architecture and composition.

Multilevel needs assessment of physical activity, sport, psychological needs, and nutrition in rural children and adults.

Introduction: Physical activity yields significant benefits, yet fewer than 1 in 4 youth meet federal guidelines. Children in rural areas from low socioeconomic (SES) backgrounds face unique physical activity contextual challenges. In line with Stage 0 with the NIH Stage Model for Behavioral Intervention Development, the objective of the present study was to conduct a community-engaged needs assessment survey with middle school children and adults to identify perceptions, barriers, and facilitators of physical activity, sport, psychological needs, and nutrition from a multi-level lens.

The Pace of Biological Aging Predicts Nonspecific Chronic Low Back Pain Severity.

This study aimed to determine if and how the pace of biological aging was associated with nonspecific chronic low back pain (cLBP) and compare what measure of epigenetic age acceleration most strongly predicts cLBP outcomes. We used the Dunedin Pace of Aging from the Epigenome (DunedinPACE), Horvath's, Hannum's, and PhenoAge clocks to determine the pace of biological aging in 69 cLBP, and 49 pain-free controls (PFCs) adults, ages 18 to 85 years. On average, participants with cLBP had higher DunedinPACE (P < .

The pace of biological aging helps explain the association between insomnia and chronic low back pain.

Chronic low back pain (cLBP) is associated with insomnia and advanced age. Emerging evidence suggests that the severity of both sleep disorders (like insomnia) and chronic pain are associated with a faster pace of biological aging. We aimed to determine whether the pace of biological age mediates the relationship between insomnia and the impact of cLBP in a sample of community-dwelling adults ages 19 to 85 years.

Acyclic Boryl Complexes of Copper(I).

Reaction of (6-Dipp)CuOtBu (6-Dipp=C{NDippCH } CH , Dipp=2,6-iPr C H ) with B (OMe) provided access to (6-Dipp)CuB(OMe) via σ-bond metathesis. (6-Dipp)CuB(OMe) was characterised by NMR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography and shown to be a monomeric acyclic boryl of copper. (6-Dipp)CuB(OMe) reacted with ethylene and diphenylacetylene to provide insertion compounds into the Cu-B bond which were characterised by NMR spectroscopy in both cases and X-ray crystallography in the latter.

Lack of improvement in anorectal manometry parameters after implementation of a pelvic floor/anal sphincter biofeedback in persons with motor-incomplete spinal cord injury.

Background: Effect of biofeedback on improving anorectal manometric parameters in incomplete spinal cord injury is unknown. A short-term biofeedback program investigated any effect on anorectal manometric parameters without correlation to bowel symptoms.

Methods: This prospective uncontrolled interventional study comprised three study subject groups, Group 1: sensory/motor-complete American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale (AIS) A SCI (n = 13); Group 2 (biofeedback group): sensory incomplete AIS B SCI (n = 17) (n = 3), and motor-incomplete AIS C SCI (n = 8), and AIS D SCI (n = 6); and Group 3: able-bodied (AB) controls (n = 12).

Utility of routine postoperative chest radiography in patients undergoing clavicle fixation: a retrospective chart review.

Background: Although uncommon, pneumothorax is a potentially serious complication following open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) of clavicle fractures. In many centres it is routine practice to obtain postoperative chest radiographs following ORIF of clavicle fractures to assess for iatrogenic pneumothorax. Given the need to contain health care costs, the low sensitivity for detecting small pneumothorax and a desire to decrease patient radiation exposure, the practice of ordering chest radiographs following ORIF of clavicle fractures may be unnecessary.

Evaluation of Nafamostat as Chemoprophylaxis for SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Hamsters.

The successful development of a chemoprophylaxis against SARS-CoV-2 could provide a tool for infection prevention that is implementable alongside vaccination programmes. Nafamostat is a serine protease inhibitor that inhibits SARS-CoV-2 entry in vitro, but it has not been characterised for chemoprophylaxis in animal models. Clinically, nafamostat is limited to intravenous delivery and has an extremely short plasma half-life.

Preclinical Evaluation of Long-Acting Emtricitabine Semi-Solid Prodrug Nanoparticle Formulations.

Long-acting injectable (LAI) formulations promise to deliver patient benefits by overcoming issues associated with non-adherence. A preclinical assessment of semi-solid prodrug nanoparticle (SSPN) LAI formulations of emtricitabine (FTC) is reported here. Pharmacokinetics over 28 days were assessed in Wistar rats, New Zealand white rabbits, and Balb/C mice following intramuscular injection.

Evaluating the Safety of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors in a Nationwide Veterans Health Administration Observational Cohort Study.

Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2is) are indicated in patients with or without type 2 diabetes mellitus atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, or heart failure. Postmarket surveillance data have identified many safety signals which warrants further investigation. We aimed to compare the safety of SGLT-2i and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA).

Expression of Cell-Adhesion Molecules in : A High Throughput Screening to Identify Paracellular Modulators.

Cell-adhesion molecules (CAMs) are responsible for cell-cell, cell-extracellular matrix, and cell-pathogen interactions. Claudins (CLDNs), occludin (OCLN), and junctional adhesion molecules (JAMs) are CAMs' components of the tight junction (TJ), the single protein structure tasked with safeguarding the paracellular space. The TJ is responsible for controlling paracellular permeability according to size and charge.

A Brief Overview: Sex Differences in Prevalent Chronic Musculoskeletal Conditions.

Musculoskeletal (MSK) pain disorders are some of the most prevalent and disabling chronic pain conditions worldwide. These chronic conditions have a considerable impact on the quality of life of individuals, families, communities, and healthcare systems. Unfortunately, the burden of MSK pain disorders does not fall equally across the sexes.

Sleep Disturbances and Chronic Pain in People with HIV: Implications for HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders.

Purpose Of Review: Antiretroviral therapy has significantly reduced morbidity and mortality in people with HIV. Despite being virally suppressed, sleep disturbances, chronic pain, and neurocognitive impairments persist which can negatively impact quality of life for people with HIV. This article presents relevant literature related to sleep disturbances and chronic pain in people with HIV.

Genome-wide DNA methylation study identifies significant epigenomic changes associated with internalized stigma in adults with non-specific chronic low back pain.

Non-specific chronic low back pain (cLBP) represents a common musculoskeletal condition with no identifiable cause. It cannot be diagnosed with conventional neuroimaging techniques such as computerized tomography (CT). The diagnostic uncertainty that characterizes non-specific cLBP can lead to stigmatizing responses from others that can become internalized Among individuals with non-specific cLBP, internalized stigma is associated with greater pain intensity and disability.