Deciphering molecular drivers of lactate metabolic shift in mammalian cell cultures.

Lactate metabolism plays a critical role in mammalian cell bioprocessing, influencing cellular performance and productivity. The transition from lactate production to consumption, known as lactate metabolic shift, is highly beneficial and has been shown to extend culture lifespan and enhance productivity, yet its molecular drivers remain poorly understood. Here, we have explored the mechanisms that underpin this metabolic shift through two case studies, illustrating environmental- and genetic-driven factors.

Systematics and evolutionary dynamics of insect-fern interactions in the specialized fern-spore feeding Cuprininae (Lepidoptera, Stathmopodidae).

Fern-spore-feeding (FSF) is rare and found in only four families of Lepidoptera. Stathmopodidae is the most speciose family that contains FSF species, and its subfamily Cuprininae exclusively specializes on FSF. However, three species of Stathmopodinae also specialize on FSF.

Wing pattern variation and DNA barcodes defy taxonomic splitting in the New Zealand Pimelea Looper Notoreas perornata (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Geometridae: Larentiinae): the importance of populations as conservation units.

The endemic Notoreas perornata (Walker, 1863) complex (Lepidoptera: Geometridae: Larentiinae) from the North Island and northern South Island of New Zealand is reviewed. Larvae feed on Pimelea spp. (Thymelaeaceae), frequently in highly fragmented and threatened shrubland habitats.

Dissecting cell death pathways in fed-batch bioreactors.

Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells are widely used for production of biologics including therapeutic monoclonal antibodies. Cell death in CHO cells is a significant factor in biopharmaceutical production, impacting both product yield and quality. Apoptosis has previously been described as the major form of cell death occurring in CHO cells in bioreactors.

Obstructive Sleep Apnea Screening by Joint Saturation Signal Analysis and PPG-derived Pulse Rate Oscillations.

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a high-prevalence disease in the general population, often underdiagnosed. The gold standard in clinical practice for its diagnosis and severity assessment is the polysomnography, although in-home approaches have been proposed in recent years to overcome its limitations. Today's ubiquitously presence of wearables may become a powerful screening tool in the general population and pulse-oximetry-based techniques could be used for early OSA diagnosis.

ST251 and are major emerging pathogens of striped catfish in Vietnam.

Introduction: Aeromonads are ubiquitous in aquatic environments and several species are opportunistic pathogens of fish. Disease losses caused by motile species, particularly , can be challenging in intensive aquaculture, such as at striped catfish () farms in Vietnam. Outbreaks require antibiotic treatments, but their application is undesirable due to risks posed by resistance.

Immersion challenge model for Flavobacterium psychrophilum infection of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) fry.

Flavobacterium psychrophilum is the causative agent of bacterial cold-water disease (CWBD) and rainbow trout fry syndrome (RTFS), which affect salmonids. To better understand this pathogen and its interaction with the host during infection, including to support the development of resistant breeds and new vaccines and treatments, there is a pressing need for reliable and reproducible immersion challenge models that more closely mimic natural routes of infection. The aim of this present study was to evaluate a challenge model developed previously for rainbow trout for use in Atlantic salmon.

Key questions on the evolution and biogeography of New Zealand alpine insects.

New Zealand alpine environments host a diverse assemblage of insect lineages, with virtually every major insect group represented. The modern mountain ranges of New Zealand are relatively young and large areas of habitat above the tree line have only been in continual existence for the past one million years. We discuss the geological history and physical characteristics of New Zealand alpine environments and the resulting selective pressures placed on insect species.

Using composite case material to develop trauma-informed psychoeducation for social care workers looking after unaccompanied minors in residential care in Ireland.

Although the provision of trauma-informed psychoeducation for carers of adolescents who have experienced traumatic events has been shown to be a fundamental aspect of the recovery process, it is not routinely made available to the social care workers who look after unaccompanied asylum-seeking adolescents living in residential care. Furthermore, the development of the content of trauma-informed psychoeducation is rarely informed by those who have experienced trauma or the professionals who support them. This paper documents the process of ensuring that these voices inform the development and delivery of trauma-informed psychoeducation for the social care workers working in this context.

Patient Derived Organoids Confirm That PI3K/AKT Signalling Is an Escape Pathway for Radioresistance and a Target for Therapy in Rectal Cancer.

Objectives: Partial or total resistance to preoperative chemoradiotherapy occurs in more than half of locally advanced rectal cancer patients. Several novel or repurposed drugs have been trialled to improve cancer cell sensitivity to radiotherapy, with limited success. We aimed to understand the mechanisms of resistance to chemoradiotherapy in rectal cancer using patient derived organoid models.

A Comprehensive Analysis of the Lysine Acetylome in the Aquatic Animals Pathogenic Bacterium .

Protein lysine acetylation is an evolutionarily conserved post-translational modification (PTM), which is dynamic and reversible, playing a crucial regulatory role in almost every aspect of metabolism, of both eukaryotes and prokaryotes. Several global lysine acetylome studies have been carried out in various bacteria, but thus far, there have been no reports of lysine acetylation for the commercially important aquatic animal pathogen In the present study, we used anti-Ac-K antibody beads to highly sensitive immune-affinity purification and combined high-resolution LC-MS/MS to perform the first global lysine acetylome analysis in , leading to the identification of 1,097 lysine-acetylated sites on 582 proteins, and more than half (58.4%) of the acetylated proteins had only one site.

In silico analysis of AhyI protein and AI-1 inhibition using N-cis-octadec-9z-enoyl-l-homoserine lactone inhibitor in Aeromonas hydrophila.

AhyI is homologous to the protein LuxI and is conserved throughout bacterial species including Aeromonas hydrophila. A. hydrophila causes opportunistic infections in fish and other aquatic organisms.

Seizure Forecasting Using a Novel Sub-Scalp Ultra-Long Term EEG Monitoring System.

Accurate identification of seizure activity, both clinical and subclinical, has important implications in the management of epilepsy. Accurate recognition of seizure activity is essential for diagnostic, management and forecasting purposes, but patient-reported seizures have been shown to be unreliable. Earlier work has revealed accurate capture of electrographic seizures and forecasting is possible with an implantable intracranial device, but less invasive electroencephalography (EEG) recording systems would be optimal.

Oral vaccination of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) against francisellosis elevates specific antibody titres in serum and mucus.

Although Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is a well-established aquaculture species globally, there are a limited number of commercial vaccines available or are used for this species. The majority of diseases affecting farmed tilapia are bacterial, with antibiotics frequently used to treat fish. The current study was performed to optimise the use of mucosal vaccines for tilapia by adapting an existing bacterin vaccine against Francisella noatunensis subsp.

First Succinylome Profiling of Reveals Key Role of Lysine Succinylation in Cellular Metabolism and Virulence.

Recent studies have shown that a key strategy of many pathogens is to use post-translational modification (PTMs) to modulate host factors critical for infection. Lysine succinylation (Ksuc) is a major PTM widespread in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, and is associated with the regulation of numerous important cellular processes. is a common pathogen that causes serious disease problems in aquaculture.

A T3SS Regulator Mutant of Affects Antibiotic Susceptibilities and Provides Significant Protection to as a Live Attenuated Vaccine.

is a major cause of Vibriosis in farmed marine aquatic animals and has caused large economic losses to the Asian aquaculture industry in recent years. Therefore, it is necessary to control effectively. The virulence mechanism of , the Type III secretion system (T3SS), is closely related to its pathogenicity.

Acetylome profiling of Vibrio alginolyticus reveals its role in bacterial virulence.

It is well known that lysine acetylation (Kace) modification is a common post-translational modification (PTM) that plays an important role in multiple biological and pathological functions in bacteria. However, few studies have focused on lysine acetylation modification in aquatic pathogens to date. In this study, the acetylome profiling of fish pathogen, Vibrio alginolyticus was investigated by combining affinity enrichment with LC MS/MS.

A new leaf-mining moth from New Zealand, sp. nov. (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae, Gracillariinae), feeding on the rare endemic shrub (Lamiaceae), with a revised checklist of New Zealand Gracillariidae.

Hoare & Patrick, (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae, Gracillariinae) is described as a new species from New Zealand. It is regarded as endemic, and represents the first record of its genus from the southern hemisphere. Though diverging in some morphological features from previously described species, it is placed in genus Triberti, based on wing venation, abdominal characters, male and female genitalia and hostplant choice; this placement is supported by phylogenetic analysis based on the COI mitochondrial gene.

Survival and immune response of white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei following single and concurrent infections with WSSV and Vibrio parahaemolyticus.

The survival and immune responses of Litopenaeus vannamei were evaluated during white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) or Vibrio parahaemolyticus single and concurrent infections. The mortality, WSSV load, activities of 4 immune enzymes: acid phosphatase (ACP), alkaline phosphatase (AKP), peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), and the transcription of Evolutionarily Conserved Signaling Intermediate in Toll pathways of L.vannamei (LvECSIT) were quantified at 0, 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h post-infection (pi).

Efficacy of an inactivated whole-cell injection vaccine for nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (L), against multiple isolates of Francisella noatunensis subsp. orientalis from diverse geographical regions.

Francisellosis, induced by Francisella noatunensis subsp. orientalis (Fno), is an emerging bacterial disease representing a major threat to the global tilapia industry. There are no commercialised vaccines presently available against francisellosis for use in farmed tilapia, and the only available therapeutic practices used in the field are either the prolonged use of antibiotics or increasing water temperature.

Efficacy of a polyvalent injectable vaccine against Flavobacterium psychrophilum administered to rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss L.).

Flavobacterium psychrophilum is one of the most important pathogens affecting cultured rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Recent information from UK salmonid farms showed country-wide distribution of genetically and serologically divergent clones, which has hampered the development of a vaccine for rainbow trout fry syndrome. The current study assessed the efficacy of an injectable polyvalent vaccine containing formalin-inactivated F.

Characterization of the outer membrane proteome of Francisella noatunensis subsp. orientalis.

Aims: The aims of the current study were to characterize the outer membrane proteins (OMPs) of Francisella noatunensis subsp. orientalis (Fno) STIR-GUS-F2f7, and identify proteins recognized by sera from tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, (L) that survived experimental challenge with Fno.

Methods And Results: The composition of the OMPs of a virulent strain of Fno (STIR-GUS-F2f7), isolated from diseased red Nile tilapia in the United Kingdom, was examined.

Construction of a Vibrio alginolyticus hopPmaJ (hop) mutant and evaluation of its potential as a live attenuated vaccine in orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides).

Vibrio alginolyticus, a bacterial pathogen in fish and humans, expresses a type III secretion system (T3SS) that is critical for pathogen virulence and disease development. However, little is known about the associated effectors (T3SEs) and their physiological role. In this study, the T3SE gene hopPmaJ (hop) was cloned from V.