Learning curve of ultrasound-guided percutaneous central venous port placement in children.

Background: Although percutaneous central venous port (CVP) placement can be quickly performed using minimally invasive surgery, short- and long-term complications can occur. Beginner pediatric surgeons must overcome learning curves influencing operative time and complication rates. However, few studies have been conducted on the learning curve of ultrasound-guided percutaneous CVP placement.

Optimal timing of surgery for prenatally diagnosed choledochal cysts.

Objective: Choledochal cysts are increasingly being diagnosed antenatally. The appropriate time of surgical treatment has the greatest impact on the prognosis of choledochal cyst treatment. The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical outcomes of prenatally diagnosed choledochal cysts in infants according to the surgical treatment timing.

Postoperative Bloodstream Infection Is Associated with Early Vascular Complications in Pediatric Liver Transplant Recipients with Biliary Atresia.

Bloodstream infection (BSI) after pediatric liver transplantation (PLT) is a common and severe complication that affects patient survival. Children with biliary atresia (BA) are at an increased risk for clinically significant infections. This study evaluated the impact of post-PLT BSI on clinical outcomes in children with BA.

Comparison of Surgical Outcomes of Laparoscopic Glue and Laparoscopic Suture Hernioplasty in Pediatric Female Inguinal Hernia.

This study aimed to report the surgical outcomes of laparoscopic glue hernioplasty (LGH) compared with conventional laparoscopic suture hernioplasty (LSH) in pediatric female inguinal hernia repair. We retrospectively analyzed 465 female pediatric patients who underwent laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair between January 2013 and December 2020. LGH and LSH were performed in 95 and 370 cases, respectively.

Changes in outcomes and operative trends with pediatric robot-assisted resection of choledochal cyst.

Background: This study aimed to report our experience with a robot-assisted resection of choledochal cysts (CCs) in pediatric patients, especially focusing on changes in outcomes and operative trends.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed medical records of all 158 patients under 18 years of age who underwent robot-assisted resection of CC in a single tertiary center between July 2008 and January 2021. Patients were divided into the first period (P1, July 2008-March 2016; N = 79) and second period (P2, April 2016-January 2021; N = 79) with equal number of participants.

Trends in contralateral prophylactic mastectomy rate according to clinicopathologic and socioeconomic status.

Purpose: There has been an increasing trend in the use of contralateral prophylactic mastectomy (CPM) among women diagnosed with unilateral breast cancer or mutations in or to reduce the occurrence of contralateral breast cancer. This study aimed to examine trends in the CPM rate according to clinicopathologic and socioeconomic status at a single institution in Korea.

Methods: This study included 128 patients with mutations in or .

Andrographolide induces apoptotic and non-apoptotic death and enhances tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand-mediated apoptosis in gastric cancer cells.

Andrographolide, a natural compound isolated from , has been reported to possess antitumor activity. In the present study, the effect of andrographolide in human gastric cancer (GC) cells was investigated. Andrographolide induced cell death with apoptotic and non-apoptotic features.

Involvement of DR4/JNK pathway-mediated autophagy in acquired TRAIL resistance in HepG2 cells.

Although tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a promising anticancer agent, a number of cancer cells demonstrate TRAIL resistance. To date, various molecular targets leading to TRAIL resistance have been elucidated by many researchers, but the mechanisms involved are still not fully understood. In the present study, we obtained TRAIL-resistant cells from the human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line HepG2 by exposing cells to recombinant human TRAIL (rhTRAIL), and determined a mechanism for TRAIL resistance.

Castleman's disease of the spleen.

Castleman's disease (CD) is a rare lymphoproliferative disorder of unknown etiology. Clinically, it occurs as a localized (unicentric) disease or as a systemic (multicentric) disease. Unicentric Castleman's disease (UCD) presents as a solitary mass and primarily affects the mediastinal, retroperitoneal, and cervical lymph nodes.

Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate leached from medical PVC devices serves as a substrate and inhibitor for the P-glycoprotein.

A di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) was accidentally extracted from plastics in the process of purification of chemosensitizers reversing P-glycoprotein (Pgp)-mediated multidrug resistance (MDR). The purpose of this study was to investigate the Pgp-reversal activities of phthalates, which are endocrine-disrupting chemicals, by utilizing the Pgp-overexpressing leukemic cell line AML-2/D100. The phthalates includes DEHP, diethyl phthalate (DEP) and dibutyl phthalate (DBP).

Production of Vibrio vulnificus metalloprotease VvpE begins during the early growth phase: usefulness of gelatin-zymography.

Recent studies have demonstrated that expression of the vvpE gene begins during the early growth phase albeit at low levels. However, we found that the traditional protease assay method that is used to measure caseinolytic activity in culture supernatants is not suitable for the measurement of extracellular VvpE that is produced at low levels during the early growth phase. By using gelatin-zymography in place of the protease assay, we could specifically detect only VvpE of several proteases produced by Vibrio vulnificus.

OEIS complex with glomerulocystic kidney disease: a case report.

We present a case of OEIS complex (omphalocele, exstrophy of bladder, imperforated anus, spinal defect) combined with colonic agenesis and glomerulocystic kidney disease (GCKD). The baby was born at 35.2 weeks of gestational age, weighing 2.

Bilateral primary ovarian leiomyoma in a young woman: case report and literature review.

Background: Primary ovarian leiomyoma is a very rare tumor and usually it is small, unilateral-, and concomitantly seen with uterine leiomyomata in middle-aged to postmenopausal women.

Case: We describe a case of huge, bilateral ovarian leiomyoma that was not associated with uterine tumor in a 17-year-old woman. The authors of this study documented the smooth muscle origin of the tumor with immunohistochemical studies, the available literature was reviewed and the possible histogenesis was discussed.

Differential induction of Mn-containing superoxide dismutase by paraquat in peripheral lymphocytes of normal subjects and gastric cancer patients.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) cause macromolecular damage and may play an important role in tumor development. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and metallothionein (MT) serve as initial and final defense mechanisms, respectively, against ROS. We hypothesized that the inducibility of Mn-SOD and MT mRNA by paraquat, an intracellular superoxide generator, might be altered in lymphocytes of gastric cancer patients.

Evaluation of Her-2/neu in Breast Cancer: Comparison of Immunohistochemistry and Polymerase Chain Reaction.

Purpose: In breast cancer, Her-2/neu amplification/overexpression predicts a poor clinical outcome, and enhanced survival benefits have been reported with Her-2/neu targeted therapy. Currently, there are several methods for assessing the amplification/overexpression of Her-2/neu, each having advantages and disadvantages. The aim of this work was to establish a reproducible, sensitive and specific method of testing for Her-2/neu, which could be used in diagnostic pathology laboratories.

Mantle cell lymphoma, blastoid variant, diagnosed on the basis of cytomorphology and flow cytometric immunophenotyping of the lymph node aspirate and peripheral blood.

Mantle cell lymphoma, blastoid variant (B-MCL), is a very rare type of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma exhibiting an aggressive clinical course. We describe a case of B-MCL showing generalized lymphadenopathy and leukemic conversion in a 62-yr-old man. The case was diagnosed and subclassified as B-MCL on the basis of cyto-morphology and immunophenotype.

Fas (Apo-1/CD95) and Fas ligand interaction between gastric cancer cells and immune cells.

Background And Aims: It has been proposed that the expression of Fas ligand (Fas L) in tumors may play an important role in immune escape. This study was undertaken to test a 'counterattack' theory as a mechanism of immune escape in gastric carcinoma.

Methods: Expression of Fas and Fas L was examined in the human gastric cancer cell lines using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.