Comparison of accumulation rates of beta-amyloid tracers and their relationship with cognitive changes.

We aimed to compare amyloid-β (Aβ) accumulation rates between different tracers and investigate whether the relationship between changes in Aβ uptake and cognitive decline varies depending on tracer type. Two cohorts were analyzed: (1) a head-to-head longitudinal cohort using F-Florbetaben (FBB) and F-Flutemetamol (FMM) tracers (n = 13), and (2) separate longitudinal cohorts for each tracer (n = 174 for both FMM and FBB), matched by propensity score. Aβ uptake was measured using regional direct comparison of Centiloid (rdcCL) values.

Interference-free nanogap pressure sensor array with high spatial resolution for wireless human-machine interfaces applications.

Pressure sensors provide intuitive and easy-to-use information, making them essential for Human-Machine Interface (HMI) applications. However, capacitive pressure sensors, although prevalent in industrial applications, suffer from critical vulnerabilities to external interferences like water droplets and proximity. Without addressing these issues, pressure sensors can never be effectively utilized in various real-world applications.

Longitudinal trends in schizophrenia among older adults: a 12-year analysis of prevalence and healthcare utilization in South Korea.

As populations age worldwide, it is essential to explore the changing landscape of schizophrenia across different age groups. We analyzed cases of schizophrenia reported over a 12-year period (2010-2021) using the Health Insurance Review and Assessment (HIRA) database of South Korea. We explored changes in the prevalence of schizophrenia, physical comorbidity burden, and healthcare utilization by age.

Magnetically reshapable 3D multi-electrode arrays of liquid metals for electrophysiological analysis of brain organoids.

To comprehend the volumetric neural connectivity of a brain organoid, it is crucial to monitor the spatiotemporal electrophysiological signals within the organoid, known as intra-organoid signals. However, previous methods risked damaging the three-dimensional (3D) cytoarchitecture of organoids, either through sectioning or inserting rigid needle-like electrodes. Also, the limited numbers of electrodes in fixed positions with non-adjustable electrode shapes were insufficient for examining the complex neural activity throughout the organoid.

Lattice-driven gating in a Cu-based zeolitic imidazolate framework for efficient high-temperature hydrogen isotope separation.

For the separation of hydrogen isotopes (H/D), traditional kinetic quantum sieving (KQS) takes advantage of the diffusion barriers created by the flexibility of organic linkers and the breathing frameworks in porous solids. While the phenomena have been observed typically below 77 K, in this study, we present that a copper-based zeolite imidazolate framework (Cu-ZIF-gis) can show KQS above 120 K. Since Cu-ZIF-gis has narrow channels with ca.

Comparative Metabolomics of ATCC824 and its Engineered Strain, DG1.

, a strict gram-positive anaerobe, plays a pivotal role in biotechnological applications, particularly in the biosynthesis of 1,3-propanediol, a critical biofuel component and monomer for bioplastic production. This study introduces DG1, a metabolically engineered strain designed to enhance the 1,3-propanediol pathway. Despite its development, comprehensive metabolic comparisons between the parent and modified strains remain unexplored.

Broad Antibacterial Activity and Mechanism of Garlic ( L. cv. Uiseong) Extracts against Cell Wall of .

is a pathogenic bacterium known for its resistance to antibiotics and its ability to cause infections in aquatic environments. This has made disease management more complex, making the development of alternative antimicrobial agents necessary. Uiseong garlic is a superior variety from Republic of Korea, renowned for its high level of beneficial compounds, making it a promising candidate for natural antimicrobial application.

Development of Miniprotein-Type Inhibitors of Biofilm Formation in and .

is a pathogenic fungus associated with high-mortality infections and forms resilient biofilms on various surfaces. In this study, we introduced a novel antifungal strategy against by integrating an AI-powered protein design tool, ProteinMPNN, with classical molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to design artificial proteins from a miniprotein library. This combined approach accelerated and enhanced the design process, enabling the rapid development of effective miniprotein inhibitors specifically targeting biofilm formation.

Amelioration of Astrocytic Dysfunction via AQP4/LRP1 Pathway by and Tricin in C6 Cells Exposed to Amyloid β and High-Dose Insulin and in Mice Treated with Scopolamine.

and its bioactive compound tricin have been recognized for their anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, and anti-aging properties. However, the impact of extract (ZLE) and tricin on astrocyte dysfunction, particularly related to disruptions in the amyloid β (Aβ) clearance pathway, has not been extensively studied. This research aims to explore the regulatory effects of ZLE and tricin on astroglial dysfunction, utilizing astrocytic differentiated C6 cells (passages 75~85) subjected to Aβ and high-dose insulin, as well as scopolamine-induced mice.

Comparative Effects of Probiotics and Paraprobiotics Derived from , , and in a DSS-Induced Ulcerative Colitis Mouse Model.

Live biotherapeutic products, represented by probiotics with disease-mitigating or therapeutic effects, face significant limitations in achieving stable colonization in the gut through oral administration. However, paraprobiotics, which consist of dead or inactivated microbial cells derived from probiotics, can provide comparable health benefits while overcoming the limitations associated with live biotherapeutic products. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to quantitatively compare and analyze the effects of probiotics, which are gaining attention as treatments for inflammatory bowel diseases, and their paraprobiotic counterparts on the alleviation of ulcerative colitis.

Dose-Dependent Responses of and sp. to Micron-Sized Polystyrene Microplastics.

Microplastics are ubiquitous environmental contaminants that can cause significant ecological damage because of their resistance to biodegradation. We evaluated the toxic effects of 1,040 nm polystyrene (PS) microplastics in two representative bacteria, and sp. In particular, we examined the effects of these PS microplastics on bacterial growth and viability, parameters related to oxidative stress (reactive oxygen species [ROS], lactate dehydrogenase [LDH], and malondialdehyde [MDA]), membrane integrity, and biofilm formation.

Dsembler - DNA Assembly Designer: A Tool for Facilitating Assembly of Oligomers.

Synthetic biology has garnered significant global interest owing to its diverse applications in bio-based production, biosensing, living therapeutics, and drug delivery. This heightened interest has increased the demand for novel protein synthesis methods and genome-scale assemblies. However, gene assembly from oligomers presents several challenges, including the risk of incorrect assembly between oligomers, self-annealing, and the potential for insertions or deletions resulting from misannealed oligomers.

Evaluation of thiobencarb herbicide-induced cytotoxicity mediated via disruption of calcium homeostasis in bovine mammary glands: A comprehensive in vitro and in silico study.

In contemporary agriculture, the predominant strategy for managing perennial weeds within agroecosystems involves the extensive use of herbicides. Thiobencarb is widely employed to control gramineous weeds during rice cultivation. This herbicide is commonly found in terrestrial environments and agricultural products.

Systemic Therapy and Surgical Management of Peritoneal Mesothelioma.

Malignant peritoneal mesothelioma is an aggressive and rare disease that affects the serosal membranes. The outcomes of patients who suffer from this disease have improved because of the advances in imaging, genetics, and treatment strategies such as systemic therapy and cytoreduction surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy. Multidisciplinary care remains essential for enhancing survival and quality of life.

Molecular and Genetic Markers of Peritoneal Metastasis.

Peritoneal surface malignancies (PSMs) represent a biologically diverse group of cancers that range from primary peritoneal mesothelioma to metastatic gastrointestinal cancers. Because of the heterogenous nature of PSM, there is a large gap in molecular characterization of these cancers. This article reviews the underlying molecular and genetic mechanisms for PSM.

Obstetric and neonatal outcomes of extremely obese pregnant women after late preterm gestation.

Objective: To determine the obstetric and neonatal outcomes of pregnant women with extreme obesity at birth after late preterm gestation.

Methods: This was a retrospective study on extremely obese pregnant women with body mass index (BMI) ≥ 40.0 kg/m (obesity stage III according to the BMI classification of the World Health Organization) who had delivered at Seoul National University Bundang Hospital between September 2003 and February 2023.

Endoplasmic reticulum stress inhibition preserves mitochondrial function and cell survival during the early onset of isoniazid-induced oxidative stress.

A comprehensive understanding of isoniazid (INH)-mediated hepatotoxic effects is essential for developing strategies to predict and prevent severe liver toxicity in tuberculosis treatment. In this study, we used multi-omics profiling in vitro to investigate the toxic effects of INH, revealing significant involvement of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, mitochondrial impairment, redox imbalance, and altered metabolism. Additional analysis using transcriptomics data from repeated time-course INH treatments on human hepatic microtissues revealed that cellular responses to ER stress and oxidative stress happened prior to disturbances in mitochondrial complexes.

Genome-wide identification of Tegillarca granosa ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter family related to arsenic toxicity.

Arsenic is a widespread environmental contaminant recognized for its high mobility and potential toxicity. Arsenic levels at Suncheon Bay, one of the primary Tegillarca granosa culturation sites in South Korea, were identified as higher than the habitat's threshold effect level (TEL). After 12 and 48 h of arsenic exposure, a total of 939 and 842 DEGs were identified in the gill and mantle, respectively.

Biennial Mammography Performance in the Korean National Cancer Screening Program From 2009 to 2020.

Objective: Mammography is essential for reducing breast cancer mortality; however, its performance varies globally. This study aimed to evaluate mammography screening outcomes in Korea over 12 years and investigate regional variations.

Materials And Methods: We analyzed mammography data from 42 million Korean women, aged 40 years and older, who participated in the Korean National Cancer Screening Program (KNCSP) from 2009 to 2020.

Postoperative Corticosteroid Injection After Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair in Patients with Stiffness Has Similar Clinical Outcome Compared with Repair Combined with Capsular Release: A Prospective Randomized Clinical Trial.

Purpose: To investigate whether 2 months postoperative intra-articular corticosteroid injection after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (ARCR) in rotator cuff tear (RCT) patients with stiffness would improve the functional scores and range of motion (ROM) of the operated shoulder without capsular release during ARCR.

Methods: From March 2020 to September 2021, a total of 73 patients who had RCT with stiffness and were scheduled for ARCR were enrolled prospectively and randomly allocated into 2 groups. The patients who underwent ARCR with capsular release were allocated to group 1 (n = 37).

Efficacy and safety of sipavibart for prevention of COVID-19 in individuals who are immunocompromised (SUPERNOVA): a randomised, controlled, double-blind, phase 3 trial.

Background: Sipavibart is an anti-spike monoclonal antibody that neutralises SARS-CoV-2 with exceptions, including Phe456Leu-containing variants (eg, KP.2* and KP.3*).