Association of intraoperative transfusion of blood products with postoperative outcomes and midterm survival in acute type A aortic dissection repair.

Objective: The study objective was to evaluate the impact of intraoperative blood product on postoperative outcomes and midterm survival in acute type A aortic dissection repair.

Methods: Patients undergoing open acute type A aortic dissection repair from January 2010 to April 2020 were divided into 2 groups: patients receiving intraoperative blood products and no intraoperative blood products, with a final propensity-matched cohort of 90 matched pairs by matching sex, age, body mass index, preoperative hemoglobin, coronary artery disease, renal failure, stroke, prior cardiac surgery, cardiogenic shock, cardiopulmonary bypass time, crossclamp time, peripheral vascular disease, and aortic insufficiency.

Results: Patients were similar in demographic and preoperative characteristics.

Antiviral potential of ginseng: Targeting human pathogenic viruses with compounds derived from ginseng.

The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the critical need for effective antiviral therapies, as viral infections remain a leading cause of mortality worldwide. Natural compounds, especially those derived from plants, have been recognized for their therapeutic properties. Ginseng, in particular, has attracted considerable attention for its potential antiviral effects.

Korean Red Ginseng relieves the inflammation and oxidative stress induced by pseudo-typed SARS-CoV-2.

Background: Developing antiviral agents against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been a global goal since the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic emerged in 2019. Korean Red Ginseng (KRG), recognized for its immunomodulating and antiviral properties, may be effective against SARS-CoV-2. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the efficiency of KRG in a human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (hACE2)-expressing mouse model infected with pseudo-typed SARS-CoV-2 (PSV).

Korean Red Ginseng-induced astrocytic HIF-1α: A key regulator of neuroglobin derived from neural stem cell differentiation in physiologic retina and brain.

Background: Neuroglobin (Ngb) and growth-associated protein (GAP) 43 in neurons are associated with axonal regeneration. Korean Red Ginseng Extract (KRGE) enhances glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-positive astrocytes and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) protein activation in normoxic astrocytes. However, crosstalk between neural stem cell (NSC) differentiation and astrocytic HIF-1α in the KRGE-treated normoxic brain and retina remains unclear.

Corrigendum to "Ginsenoside-Re-rich ethanol extract of Panax ginseng berry enhances healthspan extension via mitostasis and NAD metabolism" [J Ginseng Res Volume 49, Issue 1, January 2025, Pages 92-102].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.

Comparative efficacy of traditional non-pharmacological add-on treatments in patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major global public health concern. In this study, we examined the comparative efficacy of non-pharmacological interventions within East Asian traditional medicine (EATM-NPI) for enhancing pulmonary function and exercise capacity in patients with stable COPD. A thorough search of electronic databases conducted until May 22, 2022, identified studies employing EATM-NPI in such patients.

utilizes vimentin to internalize human keratinocytes.

Introduction: Vimentin is an intermediate filamentous cytoskeletal protein involved in cell migration, adhesion, and division. Recent studies have demonstrated that several bacteria and viruses interact with vimentin to facilitate entry and trafficking within eukaryotic cells. However, the relationship between and vimentin remains unclear.

The Utility and Validation of SCAI-CSWG Stages in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction-Related Cardiogenic Shock.

Background: Outcomes of patients with acute myocardial infarction-related cardiogenic shock (AMICS) stratified by the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography & Interventions (SCAI) shock stages in the Gulf region are not well known.

Methods: We analyzed data from patients with AMICS presenting to multiple centers across the Gulf region between January 2020 and December 2022. Patients were grouped according to SCAI-Cardiogenic Shock Working Group classification: group 1 (SCAI shock stages B/C) and group 2 (SCAI shock stages D/E).

Early White Matter Microstructure Alterations in Infants with Down Syndrome.

Importance: Down syndrome, resulting from trisomy 21, is the most prevalent chromosomal disorder and a leading cause of intellectual disability. Despite its significant impact on brain development, research on the white matter microstructure in infants with Down syndrome remains limited.

Objective: To investigate early white matter microstructure in infants with Down syndrome using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI).

Proteomic profiling of plasma extracellular vesicles identifies signatures of innate immunity, coagulation, and endothelial activation in septic patients.

Plasma extracellular vesicles (EVs) are cell-derived lipid particles and reportedly play a role in sepsis pathogenesis. This study aimed to identify EV cargo proteins in septic patients and explore their association with key sepsis pathophysiology. Plasma EVs were subjected to Tandem Mass Tag (TMT)-based quantitative proteomic analysis.

Comparison of Nanopore with Illumina Whole Genome Assemblies of the Epstein-Barr Virus in Burkitt Lymphoma.

Endemic Burkitt lymphoma (eBL) is one of the most prevalent cancer in children in sub-Saharan Africa, and while prior studies have found that Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) type and variation may alter the tumor driver genes necessary for tumor survival, the precise relationship between EBV variation and EBV-associated tumorigenesis remains unclear due to lack of scalable, cost-effective, viral whole-genome sequencing from tumor samples. This study introduces a rapid and cost-effective method of enriching, sequencing, and assembling accurate EBV genomes in BL tumor cell lines through a combination of selective whole genome amplification (sWGA) and subsequent 2-tube multiplex polymerase chain reaction along with long-read sequencing with a portable sequencer. The method was optimized across a range of parameters to yield a high percentage of EBV reads and sufficient coverage across the EBV genome except for large repeat regions.

Risk of Mental Disorders in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Retrospective Cohort Study of a Korean Nationwide Population-Based Cohort.

Purpose: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common gynecological endocrine conditions, affecting both the physical and mental health, and the quality of life of women. PCOS was associated with diverse mental disorders but studies in Korean populations were limited. This study aims to investigate the risk of mental disorders in PCOS patients in Korea.

A new method to assess lumbar vertebral body rotation on simple radiographs.

Introduction And Objectives: A number of sophisticated methods have been used to identify the degree of vertebral rotation. This is an experimental model using saw bone and motorized device to identify the possible parameter of vertebral body axial rotation on simple radiographs.

Materials And Methods: A sawbones model of the lumbar spine was used in this study.

Does structural compromise of the aorta in patients with aortic pathologies predict increased spinal and vascular complications and reoperations in patients undergoing anterior approach to the spine?

Objectives: Anterior spinal fusion (ASF) presents unique challenges, including the proximity of critical anatomic structures. Previous reports have detailed vascular injuries during exposure/approach; however, it is not well-documented whether structural aortic pathology, such as aneurysm, dissection, atherosclerosis, aortitis, or aortic tumors, impacts postoperative outcomes following anterior approach to the spine for spinal fusion.

Materials And Methods: Using the New York State Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System, thoracolumbar ASF patients with a history of aneurysm, dissection, atherosclerosis, aortitis, or aortic tumors (APath) were identified and matched to patients with no aortic pathologies (No-APath).

A sustainable framework for advancing circular practices for polyethylene terephthalate textiles: optimized recycling of depolymerization byproducts and LCA validation.

This study demonstrates a novel circular approach for discarded polyethylene terephthalate (PET) textiles with life cycle assessment (LCA) validation, proposing an optimized recycling method for PET depolymerization byproducts. The experimental approach emphasizes sourcing the metal-organic framework ingredients including metal and linker components from a single PET depolymerization reaction. For depolymerization, a metal salt-based deep eutectic solvent (DES) composed of -toluene sulfonic acid and iron(iii) chloride hexahydrate was employed acting as both solvent and catalyst.

Spreadsheet for Patient-Based Quality Control Analysis and Evaluation (SPAE).

Introduction: Patient-based quality control (PBQC) is an alternate quality control technique to conventional (internal) quality control. It uses patient results generated for clinical care to monitor the analytical performance through statistical analysis. The use of PBQC in routine laboratory is impeded by lack of familiarity and appropriate informatics tool.

Comparison of interference from eccentric movements of dental crowns fabricated via dynamic jaw motion tracking and conventional methods: a double-blind clinical study.

Purpose: The purpose of this clinical study was to evaluate the extent of intraoral occlusal adjustment required for zirconia crowns designed with a dynamic jaw motion tracking method compared to a conventional approach.

Materials And Methods: Fifteen patients needing zirconia crown restorations in the anterior or posterior regions participated in this study. Following tooth preparation, dynamic jaw motion tracking records were gathered using a tracking device.

Discovery of isoquinoline-tethered quinazoline derivatives with enhanced HER2 inhibition over EGFR.

Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is a critical therapeutic target for HER2-positive or HER2-dependent cancers. While several HER2 kinase inhibitors have been identified, achieving high selectivity for HER2 over EGFR remains a significant challenge. In this study, we aimed to develop HER2-selective inhibitors with enhanced cellular activity.

Utilizing Block Copolymer Films as an Etch Mask for Pattern Transfer.

Micro- and nanopatterned surfaces are highly useful as functional surfaces and in the fabrication of electronic and optical devices. Transferring high-resolution patterns into a photoresistive layer or the substrate surface is a crucial step in fabricating a nanostructure with gratings, pillar arrays, and hole arrays. In this work, a very simple yet efficient and high-throughput route for pattern transfer was investigated based on the self-assembly of block copolymers (BCPs).

Endoluminal photodynamic therapy with a photoreactive stent-based catheter system to treat malignant colorectal obstruction.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) using photosensitizer (PS)-embedded silicone membrane-covered self-expandable metallic stents (SEMSs) can function in palliative therapeutic option for malignant gastrointestinal tract obstruction. However, stent-related complications should be considered, and accurate delivery of light sources is technically difficult. Here, a Chlorin e6 (Ce6)-an embedded stent-based catheter is developed to improve its therapeutic efficacy and safety.

The risk of developing depression in tuberculosis survivors: a nationwide cohort study in South Korea.

Background: Despite a high tuberculosis incidence in Korea, the association between tuberculosis and depression remains underexplored. This study aims to assess depression risk in tuberculosis survivors.

Methods: Utilizing South Korea's National Health Insurance Sharing Service (NHISS) database, we conducted a gender-age-matched analysis comparing depression risk between tuberculosis survivors and the general population.

Early onset memory deficit of WMI rats compared to their nearly isogenic WLIs is reversed by enriched environment in females.

Unlabelled: We tested the hypothesis that environmental enrichment (EE) can attenuate early-onset cognitive decline in a stress-hyperresponsive rat strain. The novel genetic model, the Wistar Kyoto More Immobile (WMI) inbred rat strain demonstrates increased stress reactivity and enhanced depression-like behavior compared to its nearly isogenic control, the Wistar Kyoto Less Immobile strain (WLI). Middle-aged (12 months) WMI females exhibited diminished fear, and spatial memory in the contextual fear conditioning and Morris Water Maze paradigms, respectively, compared to young animals (6 months) of both strains and to middle-aged WLIs.

β-Hydroxybutyrate enhances brain metabolism in normoglycemia and hyperglycemia, providing cerebroprotection in a mouse stroke model.

Hyperglycemia in poorly controlled diabetes is widely recognized as detrimental to organ dysfunction. However, the acute effects of hyperglycemia on brain metabolism and function are not fully understood. The potential protective benefit of ketone bodies on mitochondrial function in the brain has also not been well characterized.

A cell-type specific surveillance complex represses cryptic promoters during differentiation in an adult stem cell lineage.

Regulators of chromatin accessibility play key roles in cell fate transitions, triggering onset of novel transcription programs as cells differentiate. In the male germ line stem cell lineage, tMAC, a master regulator of spermatocyte differentiation that binds thousands of loci, is required for local opening of chromatin, allowing activation of spermatocyte-specific promoters. Here we show that a cell-type specific surveillance system involving the multiple zinc finger protein Kmg and the pipsqueak domain protein Dany dampens transcriptional output from weak tMAC dependent promoters and blocks tMAC binding at thousands of additional cryptic promoters, thus preventing massive expression of aberrant protein-coding transcripts.