Refining of cancer-specific genes in microsatellite-unstable colon and endometrial cancers using modified partial least square discriminant analysis.

Despite similarities in microsatellite instability (MSI) between colon and endometrial cancer, there are many clinically important organ-specific features. The molecular differences between these 2 MSI cancers are underexplored because the usual differentially expressed gene analysis yields too many noncancer-specific normally expressed genes. We aimed to identify cancer-specific genes in MSI colorectal adenocarcinoma (CRC) and MSI endometrial carcinoma (ECs) using a modified partial least squares discriminant analysis.

Lemierre syndrome: case presentation of a life-threatening septic pneumonia with complicated parapneumonic effusion: A case report.

Rationale: Lemierre syndrome is a rare, life-threatening complication of oropharyngeal infections.

Patient Concerns: A 35-year-old man started with an upper respiratory infection but worsened the clinical course with sepsis and acute respiratory failure with complicated bilateral pleural effusion.

Diagnoses: The patient was diagnosed with typical Lemierre syndrome with lung complications.

Point-of-care ultrasound as the first imaging strategy in young infants aged under 90 days presenting with gastrointestinal manifestations at the emergency department.

This study compared the emergency department (ED) flow of young infants under 90 days old presenting with gastrointestinal symptoms who underwent point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) versus X-ray (XR) as their primary imaging test. The study retrospectively enrolled infants under 90 days old with gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms who visited a tertiary university-affiliated hospital ED from January 2019 to September 2022. The patients were divided into 2 groups based on whether they received XR or POCUS as their first imaging test.

Synchronous pancreatic adenocarcinoma and duodenal mucosa‑associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma: A case report.

Rationale: Duodenal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma is a rare condition. Simultaneous presence of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma along with duodenal MALT lymphoma has not been documented in the scientific literature. We report an exceptionally rare case of synchronous duodenal MALT lymphoma and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Efficacy and safety of red ginseng extract powder (KGC05pg) in achieving glycemic control in prediabetic Korean adults: A 12-week, single-center, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled study.

Background: This study was conducted to assess the efficacy and safety of Red Ginseng Extract Powder (RGEP) (KGC05pg; Korea Ginseng Corporation, Daejeon, Korea) in achieving glycemic control in prediabetic Korean adults.

Methods: The patients of the RGEP group (n = 49) and those of the placebo group (n = 49) were orally given 2 tablets of RGEP and its matching placebo, respectively, at a dose of 500 mg/day twice daily in the morning and the evening within 30 min after meal during a 12-week treatment period. The patients were assessed for glycemic control parameters, such as fasting blood glucose levels, 30-, 60-, 90-, and 120-min blood glucose levels on an oral glucose tolerance test, Hb1Ac levels and glucose area under the curve, insulin resistance parameters, such as homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, c-peptide and insulinogenic index, and hormone parameters, such as glucagon, adiponectin and glucagon-like peptide-1.

HSP90 interacts with VP37 to facilitate the cell-to-cell movement of broad bean wilt virus 2.

The systemic spread of viruses in plants requires successful viral cell-to-cell movement through plasmodesmata (PD). Viral movement proteins (MPs) interact with cellular proteins to modify and utilize host transport routes. Broad bean wilt virus 2 (BBWV2) moves from cell to cell as a virion through the PD gated by VP37, the MP of BBWV2.

Real-world treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis with dupilumab and omalizumab: results from the Korean National Health Insurance Service database.

Background: Biological treatment has proven effective for the treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) and is increasingly prescribed. However, in the real-world, strict adherence to the recommended dose may not be feasible and studies on the actual administration patterns of biologics are limited. This study aimed to evaluate the patterns of real-world use of biologics for CRS in Korea, through the National Health Insurance Service (NHIS).

Mathematical modelling for vaccine efficacy trials during the future epidemics of emerging respiratory infections.

Assessing vaccine efficacy (VE) during emerging epidemics is challenging due to unpredictable disease transmission dynamics. We aimed to investigate the impact of vaccine randomized controlled trials (RCTs) timing on estimates of VE and sample sizes during future epidemics of emerging respiratory diseases. We developed an age-structured susceptible-exposed-infected-asymptomatically infected-removed (SEIAR) compartment models using 2022 Korean population, and COVID-19 and 2009 A/H1N1 pandemic influenza parameters.

Effects of Extraction Methods on the Thermal Stability of Extracellular Polymeric Substances-Based Biomaterials from Wastewater Sludge.

Various methods for recovering extracellular polymeric substances (EPS)-based biomaterials from wastewater sludge exist. However, the relationships between extraction methods and properties of biomaterials have not been fully explored. In this study, the thermal properties, including activation energy (AE) and thermal decomposition mechanism, of EPS-based biomaterials extracted by different methods have been determined by thermogravimetric analysis integrated with the deconvolution method.

Temporal Trends in Stroke Management and Outcomes Between 2011 and 2020 in South Korea: Results From a Nationwide Multicenter Registry.

Background: This study aims to evaluate temporal trends of advanced treatments and related clinical outcomes of ischemic stroke through a decade-long trend analysis, using data from a comprehensive, national, multicenter registry. We also seek to identify areas in need of improvement.

Methods And Results: This analysis involved patients with ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack registered prospectively in the CRCS-K-NIH (Clinical Research Center for Stroke in Korea-National Institute of Health) registry between 2011 and 2020.

Inactive Matrix Gla Protein and Cardiovascular Outcomes: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.

Background: MGP (matrix Gla protein) inhibits arterial calcification. Higher inactive MGP, in its dephosphorylated-uncarboxylated (dp-uc) form, is positively associated with vascular calcification, possibly portending adverse cardiovascular events. The objective of this study was to determine the association of dp-ucMGP with incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) events and mortality in MESA (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis).

Selection Over Small and Large Spatial Scales in the Face of High Gene Flow.

Local adaptation represents the balance of selection and gene flow. Increasingly, studies find that adaptation can occur on spatial scales much smaller than the scale of dispersal, resulting in balanced polymorphisms within populations. However, microgeographic adaptation might be facilitated or hindered by large-scale environmental heterogeneity, such as across latitude.

Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 deficiency prevents chronic stress-induced cardiac remodeling and dysfunction in mice.

Exposure to chronic psychosocial stress is a risk factor for metabolic cardiovascular disorders. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) plays essential roles in human pathobiology, and we recently showed that DPP-4 levels are increased by chronic stress in murine models. We here investigated the role of DPP-4 in stress-related cardiac injury and dysfunction in mice, focusing on oxidative stress and cardiac apoptosis.

New insights into rice phenology: discovering the effect of insolation on heading response.

Precise growth management is required for climate-smart and sustainable crop production in response to climate change, with the heading stage being the most important. Research on the control of heading in rice (Oryza sativa) has mainly focused on day length and temperature; however, research on the effects of insolation is limited. Therefore, this study analyzed the differences in rice growth and heading responses under different light intensity and temperature conditions.

Lamin B1 regulates RNA splicing factor expression by modulating the spatial positioning and chromatin interactions of the gene locus.

Lamin B1, a crucial component of the nuclear lamina, plays a pivotal role in chromatin organization and transcriptional regulation in eukaryotic cells. While recent studies have highlighted the connection between Lamin B1 and RNA splicing regulation, the precise molecular mechanisms remain elusive. In this study, we demonstrate that Lamin B1 depletion leads to a global reduction in splicing factor expression, as evidenced by analysis of multiple RNA-seq datasets.

Changes in Nutritional Status Through Low-Lactose Processed Milk Consumption in Korean Adults With Lactose Intolerance.

This study was conducted to evaluate changes in hydrogen breath test results and nutritional improvements when Korean adults diagnosed with lactose intolerance consumed processed milk containing approximately 10 g of lactose continuously. Participants consumed 240 mL of intervention food daily for a month and visited the research institute before and after the intervention to undergo nutrient intake survey and hydrogen breath tests. Data from 32 participants, with a mean age of 52.

Nutritional Management in Severe Burn Patients: A Case Report.

Patients with severe burns frequently experience inadequate nutrition due to hypermetabolism and its associated complications, substantially increasing the risk of malnutrition. This case report describes the nutritional intervention for a 54-year-old male patient admitted with total body surface area burns of 42.4%, including 15% third-degree burns caused by flames.

Effects of Extracts on Obesity and Anxiety.

Obesity is a significant global health concern that not only increases metabolic disorders risks but also impacts mental health, particularly affecting women due to hormonal fluctuations and societal pressures. This study investigated anti-obesity and anti-anxiety effects of lemon balm () extracts in female C57BL/6 mouse (n = 16, 17 weeks old) fed a high-fat diet (HFD). We compared 2 extracts method: distilled water (LBD, n = 5) and 80% ethanol (LBE, n = 6), administered via oral gavage (200 mg/kg/day) for 6 weeks alongside HFD.

Effects of the Intestinal Status and Clinical Factors of Korean Middle-Aged People Through the Consumption of Functional Foods Containing Powder: Prospective, Randomized, Open-Label, and Control Comparative Trial.

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of functional foods containing powder on gut health and clinical indicators in middle-aged and older adults. Participants were randomly assigned to either the intervention group (n = 24) or control group (n = 26), and assessments including anthropometric measurements, blood analyses, and dietary intake surveys were conducted. The intervention group consumed functional foods containing powder twice daily for 8 weeks.

Quantifying residual orientation and thermal stress contributions to birefringence in the material extrusion of polylactide.

Material extrusion is a common additive manufacturing process that subjects polymers to non-steady deformation and thermal processing to build a customized part. The mechanical properties of these parts are often worse than those of injection-molded specimens due to failures at or near the weld zone between extrudate layers. Chain orientation is often cited as a contribution to mechanical weaknesss at the weld, and it is therefore of critical importance to develop strategies to quantify the magnitude and location of residual chain orientation as a function of printing conditions.

Understanding risk perceptions of e-scooter use: E-scooter users and non-users.

E-scooters share the roads with other users, making it crucial to understand how these different road users perceive the risky behaviors of e-scooter riders. While perceptions of risk situations caused by the e-scooter rider are likely complex and multifaceted, previous research has not adequately clarified these perspectives. Additionally, the specific roles of assessment tools in describing each distinct risk scenario have yet to be thoroughly examined.

Anatomical Location of the Segmental Spinal Arteries in the Cervical Intervertebral Foramina: 3D-Micro CT Findings Relevant to Transforaminal Epidural Injection.

Purpose: Cervical transforaminal epidural steroid injection (TFESI) is a common treatment for cervical radiculopathy but carries potential risks because of the presence of crucial arteries in the intervertebral foramina (IVF). This study analyzed the precise anatomical location of the segmental spinal artery (SSA) within the cervical IVF using 3D micro-CT imaging to provide guidance for safer TFESI procedures.

Participants And Methods: Fourteen embalmed cadavers were used in this study: three for serial sectional dissection, two for histological examination, and nine for micro-CT analysis.

Unexpected Cervical Cord Injury During Intradiscal Electrothermal Therapy for Disc Herniation.

Intradiscal electrothermal therapy (IDET) is a minimally invasive procedure that alleviates chronic discogenic pain by delivering controlled heat to modify collagen and destroy pain-conducting nerve endings. While IDET offers a less invasive alternative to surgery, it carries risks such as nerve damage, infection, vertebral osteonecrosis, and, rarely, spinal cord injury. This report presents the case of a 36-year-old woman who developed left-sided hemiparesis following IDET for cervical disc herniation at the C5/6 level.

Significance of Applying the New Diagnosis-Related Group Payment System in Patients With Mild Traumatic Brain Injury.

Objective: The new diagnosis-related group (NDRG) payment combines the original diagnosis-related group (DRG) and the fee-for-service (FFS) system, covering basic hospital services through fixed hospitalization costs based on the DRG assigned to the patient, while separate fees were applied for surgical and procedural interventions by physicians. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of payment methodology on medical costs and outcomes in patients with mild traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Methods: This retrospective study included 1,247 patients who underwent inpatient neurosurgical treatment at a single regional trauma center from January 2016 to December 2022.