Novel multiple Z-score models for detection of coronary artery dilation: application in Kawasaki disease.

Background: This study aims to develop Z-Score models to normalize measurements of three coronary arteries and enhance the diagnosis of Kawasaki disease (KD) in children from newborns to 10 years old. Developing a reliable Z-Score model is challenging, as some existing models fail the normality test. Overcoming these challenges is crucial for improving KD diagnosis.

Corticosteroid effects on IL-10 and IL-1β in U937-derived macrophages: A model for Kawasaki disease-associated inflammation.

Background: Kawasaki disease (KD) is a pediatric vasculitis that has a predilection for coronary artery involvement. Activated macrophages play an important role in the destruction of the coronary arteries in KD. Although intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) is standard therapy, corticosteroids are sometimes given to patients at a higher risk of IVIG non-responsiveness.

Promising biomarkers of Kawasaki disease: markers that aid in diagnosis.

Introduction: Currently the diagnosis of Kawasaki disease is still heavily reliant on clinical criteria which may be subject to interpretation or mimic other common febrile diseases of childhood. Biomarkers that can aid in the accurate and timely diagnosis of KD are of great clinical utility.

Areas Covered: A literature search of PubMed was performed using the key words: Kawasaki disease, diagnosis, biomarkers, proteomics and transcriptomics.

Add-On Supplement in Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A 12-Week Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial.

We conducted a 12-week randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial to investigate the potential impact of () supplementation on attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Children with ADHD who were already receiving a stable dose of methylphenidate (MPH) treatment were enrolled and were randomly assigned to two groups: one receiving add-on (daily bacterial count of 5 × 10 CFUs) ( = 51) and the other receiving a placebo ( = 51). All participants underwent assessments using Conners' Continuous Performance Test (CPT) and Conners' Continuous Auditory Test of Attention (CATA).

Hydrogen Gas Inhalation Treatment for Coronary Artery Lesions in a Kawasaki Disease Mouse Model.

Background: Kawasaki disease (KD) is a syndrome primarily affecting young children, typically under the age of five, and is characterized by the development of acute vasculitis. Through extensive research conducted on both murine and human subjects, it has been demonstrated that heightened levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a pivotal role in the development of KD, especial coronary artery lesions (CALs). Hydrogen gas exhibits potent antioxidant properties that effectively regulate ROS production and the inflammatory response.

EFFICACY OF INTRAVENOUS IMMUNOGLOBULIN ALONE ON CORONARY ARTERY LESION REDUCTION IN KAWASAKI DISEASE.

Background: Though Aspirin and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) remain the standard treatments for Kawasaki Disease (KD) to minimize coronary artery damage, the duration and dosage of aspirin are inconsistent across hospitals. However, the lack of multi-center randomized trials prevents definitive answers to the impact of high-dose aspirin.

Methods: This clinical trial was structured as a prospective, evaluator-blinded, multi-center randomized controlled trial with two parallel arms, aiming to assess the effectiveness of IVIG as a standalone primary therapy of KD in comparison to the combination of IVIG with high-dose aspirin therapy.

Risks of Kawasaki disease and multisystem inflammatory syndrome in pediatric patients with COVID-19 infection: A TriNetX based cohort study.

Background: The associations of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) with Kawasaki disease (KD) and multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) remain unclear. Few large-scale studies have estimated the cumulative incidence of MIS-C and KD after COVID-19 in children.

Methods: Data were obtained from TriNetX.

The Benefit of Hydrogen Gas as an Adjunctive Therapy for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

Recent studies suggest that hydrogen gas possesses anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic properties. This study aimed to explore the therapeutic potential of hydrogen gas and assess its safety and tolerability in individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Enrolled COPD patients received standard treatments along with additional hydrogen inhalation for 30 min in the morning, afternoon, and evening over a 30-day period.

Positive Echocardiographic Association between Carotid Artery and Coronary Artery Diameter and Z-Score in a Mouse Model of Kawasaki Disease.

Unlabelled: Kawasaki disease (KD) occurs in young children, has an unknown etiology, and can cause such life-threatening complications as coronary artery aneurysm. A mouse model using cell wall extract (LCWE) with intraperitoneal injection was established for KD years ago. Histological examination of coronary artery lesions indicated features similar to those of vascular lesions of patients with KD.

Symptom-correlated MiRNA signature as a potential biomarker for Kawasaki disease.

• The expression levels of ten miRNAs are highly correlated with KD. • These miRNAs can co-regulate TGF-β signaling involved in KD pathogenesis. • This symptom-correlated miRNA signature can provide an objective score for KD risk assessment.

Molecular Hydrogen: Emerging Treatment for Stroke Management.

Ischemic stroke is a major cause of death and disability worldwide. However, only intravenous thrombolysis using mechanical thrombectomy or tissue plasminogen activator is considered an effective and approved treatment. Molecular hydrogen is an emerging therapeutic agent and has recently become a research focus.

Kawasaki Disease, MIS-C and COVID-19.

Kawasaki disease (KD) is a form of systemic vasculitis characterized by inflammation of blood vessels throughout the body, and its exact cause remains unknown [...

Echocardiography and laboratory outcomes of COVID-19 in children with a history of Kawasaki disease: a preliminary observation.

Background: Infection with SARS-CoV-2 virus has been associated with cardiovascular sequelae including multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C) in children. Patients with a prior history of Kawasaki disease, may be more susceptible to changes in echocardiographic or laboratory findings after COVID-19. The objective of this study was to investigate the echocardiographic and laboratory findings in children with a prior history of Kawasaki disease after SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Diagnosis, Progress, and Treatment Update of Kawasaki Disease.

Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute inflammatory disorder that primarily affects children and can lead to coronary artery lesions (CAL) if not diagnosed and treated promptly. The original clinical criteria for diagnosing KD were reported by Dr. Tomisaku Kawasaki in 1967 and have been used for decades.

Sex differences in vitamin D and behavioral profiles among children with allergic diseases.

Previous studies have suggested that vitamin D has a protective effect on allergic diseases, while an individual's sex may have a moderating effect on the relationship between vitamin D and allergic-related immunity. This study aimed to determine the role of vitamin D in children with coexisting allergic diseases in the context of sex differences and to explore the behavioral profiles of these patients. We recruited a total of 103 children with atopic diseases and divided them into four groups: males with one allergic disease (MA1,  = 20), males with two or more allergic diseases (MA2,  = 26), females with one allergic disease (FA1,  = 30), and females with two or more allergic diseases (FA2,  = 27).

Profiling humoral responses to COVID-19 immunization in Kawasaki disease using SARS-CoV-2 variant protein microarrays.

Kawasaki disease (KD) is a form of acute systemic vasculitis syndrome that predominantly occurs in children under the age of 5 years. Its etiology has been postulated due to not only genetic factors but also the presence of foreign antigens or infectious agents. To evaluate possible associations between Kawasaki disease (KD) and COVID-19, we investigated humoral responses of KD patients against S-protein variants with SARS-CoV-2 variant protein microarrays.

Basophils Predict Mite Sensitization in Patients with Kawasaki Disease.

: Patients with Kawasaki disease (KD) are at a significantly increased risk of allergic diseases. Immunoglobulin E (IgE) is an immunoglobulin that mediates allergic sensitization to various allergens and is related to various allergic diseases. However, few studies have analyzed specific IgE on allergy biomarkers after KD is diagnosed.

The state of play in tools for predicting immunoglobulin resistance in Kawasaki disease.

Introduction: Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) resistance is an independent risk factor for the development of coronary artery lesions (CAL) in patients with Kawasaki disease (KD). Accurate identification of IVIG-resistant patients is one of the biggest clinical challenges in the treatment of KD.

Areas Covered: In this review article, we will go over current IVIG resistance scoring systems and other biological markers of IVIG resistance, with a particular focus on advances in machine-based learning techniques and high-throughput omics data.

Evaluation of Formosa score and diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of four Asian risk scores for predicting intravenous immunoglobulin resistance in Kawasaki disease: a bivariate meta-analysis.

Background: In 2016, Lin et al. developed a prediction score of non-responsiveness to intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) in patients with Kawasaki disease (KD) (Lin et al., 2016).

General Anesthesia in Early Childhood Significantly Reduces Asthma Incidence and Clinical Visits: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study.

Few studies have focused on the consequence of exposure to general anesthesia (GA) in children's early life with the risk of asthma and disease outcomes. The present study examines the correlation between exposure to GA under three years old and the subsequent course of asthma in a nationwide population-based cohort study. Our cases were acquired from Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD).

Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on business operations of Taiwan High Speed Rail and 7-Eleven stores.

Governmental non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) and concerns regarding COVID-19 infection greatly affected population mobility during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study analyzed the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the business operations of Taiwan High Speed Rail (THSR) and 7-Eleven stores in Taiwan. We collected data from COVID-19 Mobility Reports published by Google, the Our World in Data website, and the monthly financial reports of THSR and 7-Eleven stores.