PP2Ac Deficiency Enhances Tumor Immunogenicity by Activating STING-Type I Interferon Signaling in Glioblastoma.

Unlabelled: Glioblastoma (GBM) is an immunologically "cold" tumor that does not respond to current immunotherapy. Here, we demonstrate a fundamental role for the α-isoform of the catalytic subunit of protein phosphatase-2A (PP2Ac) in regulating glioma immunogenicity. Genetic ablation of PP2Ac in glioma cells enhanced double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) production and cGAS-type I IFN signaling, MHC-I expression, and tumor mutational burden.

Burst firing is required for induction of Hebbian LTP at lateral perforant path to hippocampal granule cell synapses.

High frequency burst firing is critical in summation of back-propagating action potentials (APs) in dendrites, which may greatly depolarize dendritic membrane potential. The physiological significance of burst firings of hippocampal dentate GCs in synaptic plasticity remains unknown. We found that GCs with low input resistance could be categorized into regular-spiking (RS) and burst-spiking (BS) cells based on their initial firing frequency (F) upon somatic rheobase current injection, and investigated how two types of GCs differ in long-term potentiation (LTP) induced by high-frequency lateral perforant pathway (LPP) inputs.

A super-voxel-based method for generating surrogate lung ventilation images from CT.

This study aimed to develop and evaluate a super-voxel-based method for surrogate computed tomography ventilation imaging (CTVI). The study used four-dimensional CT (4DCT) and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) images and corresponding lung masks from 21 patients with lung cancer obtained from the Ventilation And Medical Pulmonary Image Registration Evaluation dataset. The lung volume of the exhale CT for each patient was segmented into hundreds of super-voxels using the Simple Linear Iterative Clustering (SLIC) method.

Outcomes in patients with acute stroke treated at a comprehensive stroke center using telemedicine versus in-person assessments.

Introduction: Telemedicine has been shown to be a safe and effective modality to assess and treat patients with acute stroke who present to a community hospital. There are no previous reports on using telemedicine to treat patients with acute stroke who present to a comprehensive stroke center. We report here the outcomes of patients with acute stroke treated in 2021 at our comprehensive stroke center using telemedicine versus an in-person assessment.

CSF metabolomics alterations after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: what do we know?

Purpose: The purpose of this mini review is to describe metabolomics in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and its potential in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). In brain injury, patients' micro dialysis enables detecting biochemical change in brain tissue. Indicators for ischemia were detected such as lactate, pyruvate, glucose, and glutamate.

Link between both infratentorial and supratentorial intracranial pressure burdens and final outcome in patients with infratentorial brain injury.

Objective: Increased intracranial pressure (ICP) is most likely not being transmitted uniformly within the cranium. The ICP profiles in the supra- and infratentorial compartments remain largely unclear. Increased ICP in the cerebellum, however, is insufficiently captured by supratentorial ICP (ICPsup) monitoring due to compartmentalization through the tentorium.

Effect of Hydrothermal and Vapor Thermal Treatments on Apatite Inductivity of Titanate Nanotubes on Anodized Ti-5Nb-5Mo Surface.

Although titanium (Ti) alloys have been widely employed as biomedical materials, they cannot achieve satisfactory osseointegration when implanted in the human body due to their biologically inert nature. Surface modification can enhance both their bioactivity and corrosion resistance. The present study employed a Ti-5Nb-5Mo alloy with a metastable α″ phase.

Single-Atom Engineering of Covalent Organic Framework for Photocatalytic H Production Coupled with Benzylamine Oxidation.

In photocatalysis, reducing the exciton binding energy and boosting the conversion of excitons into free charge carriers are vital to enhance photocatalytic activity. This work presents a facile strategy of engineering Pt single atoms on a 2D hydrazone-based covalent organic framework (TCOF) to promote H production coupled with selective oxidation of benzylamine. The optimised TCOF-Pt SA photocatalyst with 3 wt% Pt single atom exhibited superior performance to TCOF and TCOF-supported Pt nanoparticle catalysts.

Uncovering the spatial landscape of molecular interactions within the tumor microenvironment through latent spaces.

Recent advances in spatial transcriptomics (STs) enable gene expression measurements from a tissue sample while retaining its spatial context. This technology enables unprecedented in situ resolution of the regulatory pathways that underlie the heterogeneity in the tumor as well as the tumor microenvironment (TME). The direct characterization of cellular co-localization with spatial technologies facilities quantification of the molecular changes resulting from direct cell-cell interaction, as it occurs in tumor-immune interactions.

Single-Molecule Continuous-Wave Terahertz Rectification Spectroscopy and Microscopy.

We report rectification spectroscopy (RS) for single molecules performed with continuous-wave terahertz (CW THz) radiation at the tunneling junction of a scanning tunneling microscope (STM) at 8 K. CW THz-RS serves as a new technique in single-molecule vibrational and magnetic excitation spectroscopy besides inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy (IETS). By quantitatively studying IETS and THz RS, we show that CW THz induces a sinusoidal bias modulation with amplitude linearly dependent on the THz far-field amplitude.

Lysine-Derived Charge-Altering Releasable Transporters: Targeted Delivery of mRNA and siRNA to the Lungs.

Targeted delivery of nucleic acid therapeutics to the lungs could transform treatment options for pulmonary disease. We have previously developed oligomeric charge-altering releasable transporters (CARTs) for in vivo mRNA transfection and demonstrated their efficacy for use in mRNA-based cancer vaccination and local immunomodulatory therapies against murine tumors. While our previously reported glycine-based CART-mRNA complexes (mRNA) show selective protein expression in the spleen (mouse, >99%), here, we report a new lysine-derived CART-mRNA complex mRNA that, without additives or targeting ligands, shows selective protein expression in the lungs (mouse, >90%) following systemic IV administration.

The Enzymatic Doped/Undoped Poly-Silicon Nanowire Sensor for Glucose Concentration Measurement.

In this work, enzymatic doped/undoped poly-silicon nanowire sensors with different lengths were fabricated using a top-down technique to measure glucose concentration. The sensitivity and resolution of these sensors correlate well with the dopant property and length of nanowire. Experimental results indicate that the resolution is proportional to the nanowire length and dopant concentration.

Prediction of vancomycin initial dosage using artificial intelligence models applying ensemble strategy.

Background: Antibiotic resistance has become a global concern. Vancomycin is known as the last line of antibiotics, but its treatment index is narrow. Therefore, clinical dosing decisions must be made with the utmost care; such decisions are said to be "suitable" only when both "efficacy" and "safety" are considered.

Outcomes of Investigating T Wave Inversion With Echocardiography in an Unselected Young Male Preparticipation Cohort.

BACKGROUND Electrocardiography (ECG) may be performed as part of preparticipation sports screening. Recommendations on screening of athletes to identify individuals with previously unrecognized cardiac disease are robust; however, data guiding the preparticipation screening of unselected populations are scarce. T wave inversion (TWI) on ECG may suggest an undiagnosed cardiomyopathy.

L-type Ca channels mediate regulation of glutamate release by subthreshold potential changes.

Subthreshold depolarization enhances neurotransmitter release evoked by action potentials and plays a key role in modulating synaptic transmission by combining analog and digital signals. This process is known to be Ca dependent. However, the underlying mechanism of how small changes in basal Ca caused by subthreshold depolarization can regulate transmitter release triggered by a large increase in local Ca is not well understood.

2023 Taiwan Society of Cardiology (TSOC) and Taiwan College of Rheumatology (TCR) Joint Consensus on Connective Tissue Disease-Associated Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension.

Background: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), defined as the presence of a mean pulmonary artery pressure > 20 mmHg, pulmonary artery wedge pressure ≤ 15 mmHg, and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) > 2 Wood units based on expert consensus, is characterized by a progressive and sustained increase in PVR, which may lead to right heart failure and death. PAH is a well-known complication of connective tissue diseases (CTDs), such as systemic sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, Sjogren's syndrome, and other autoimmune conditions. In the past few years, tremendous progress in the understanding of PAH pathogenesis has been made, with various novel diagnostic and screening methods for the early detection of PAH proposed worldwide.