Carbon dioxide removal (CDR) potential in temperate macroalgal forests: A comparative study of chemical and biological net ecosystem production (NEP).

The carbon dioxide removal (CDR) capacity of macroalgae, a crucial component in climate regulation, has gained increasing attention. However, accurately estimating the CDR potential of macroalgae in natural conditions remains challenging, necessitating the use of multiple independent methods to reduce the uncertainties in these estimates. In this study, we compared two methods for estimating net ecosystem production (NEP), a key parameter in determining CDR potential: 1) NEP, derived from seawater carbonate chemistry and 2) NEP, based on photorespiratory measurements using benthic tent incubation.

Cattle wastewater treatment using green microalga Coelastrella sp. KNUA068 as a promising bioenergy feedstock with enhanced biodiesel quality.

Global water scarcity increased the demand for clean water, leading to attention on microalgae-based biological treatment for wastewater due to economic feasibility and sustainable biomass applications. This study isolated indigenous microalga Coelastrella sp. KNUA068 from a wastewater treatment plant, observed its admissible growth rate in diluted cattle wastewater (DCW), and used it for wastewater treatment analysis.

The Prokaryotic Microalga KNUA012 to Improve Aldehyde Decarbonylase Expression for Use as a Biological Resource.

The prokaryotic microalga KNUA012 isolated from a freshwater bloom sample from Lake Hapcheon, Hapcheon-gun, South Korea, was investigated for its potential as a biofuel feedstock. Microalgae produce straight-chain alkanes/alkenes from acyl carrier protein-linked fatty acyls via aldehyde decarbonylase (AD; EC 1.2.

The microbial communities (bacteria, algae, zooplankton, and fungi) improved biofloc technology including the nitrogen-related material cycle in farms.

Microbes are essential in biofloc technology for controlling nitrogen levels in water. The composition and function of microorganisms with biofloc systems were reported; however, data on microorganisms other than bacteria, such as algae (which are essential in the nitrogen cycle) and zooplankton (which are bacterial and algal predators), remain limited. The microbial communities (including bacteria, algae, zooplankton, and fungi) were investigated in shrimp farms using biofloc technology.

Over-Expression of Dehydroascorbate Reductase Improves Salt Tolerance, Environmental Adaptability and Productivity in .

Abiotic stress induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in plants, and high ROS levels can cause partial or severe oxidative damage to cellular components that regulate the redox status. Here, we developed salt-tolerant transgenic rice plants that overexpressed the dehydroascorbate reductase gene () under the control of a stress-inducible sweet potato promoter (). -expressing transgenic plants exhibited improved environmental adaptability compared to wild-type plants, owing to enhanced ascorbate levels, redox homeostasis, photosynthetic ability, and membrane stability through cross-activation of ascorbate-glutathione cycle enzymes under paddy-field conditions, which enhanced various agronomic traits, including root development, panicle number, spikelet number per panicle, and total grain yield.

Environmental Factors Associated with the Eukaryotic Microbial Community and Microalgal Groups in the Mountain Marshes of South Korea.

The diversity indices of eukaryotic microalgal groups in the Jeonglyeongchi, Waegok, and Wangdeungjae marshes of Mount Jiri, Korea, were measured using Illumina MiSeq and culture-based analyses. Waegok marsh had the highest species richness, with a Chao1 value of 828.00, and the highest levels of species diversity, with Shannon and Simpson index values of 6.

Enhancement of Biomass Production in Colony-Forming Green Algae, , Under Mixotrophic Cultivation.

In this study, we characterized the potential of colony-forming green algae, KNUA107, isolated from Ulleung Island, South Korea, as a bioresource and analyzed the effects of mixotrophic cultivation on its bioresource production efficiency. Internal transcribed spacer (ITS) (ITS1, 5.8S, and ITS2), ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase large subunit (L), and elongation factor Tu () regions were used for molecular identification and phylogenetic analysis.

Complete chloroplast genome of MM0003 (Chlorellaceae, Trebouxiophyceae).

The chloroplast genome of MM0003 was completely sequenced. This plastome has 139,597 bp in length and consists of 106 genes including 77 protein-coding, 3 rRNA, and 26 tRNA genes. The overall GC content of the genome is 34.

Production of Algal Biomass and High-Value Compounds Mediated by Interaction of Microalgal sp. KNUA044 and Bacterium KNU100.

There is growing interest in the production of microalgae-based, high-value by-products as an emerging green biotechnology. However, a cultivation platform for sp. has yet to be established.

Enhanced glutathione content improves lateral root development and grain yield in rice plants.

Enhanced glutathione content improves lateral root development by positively regulating the transcripts of root development genes responsive to glutathione treatment, thereby increasing the overall productivity of rice plants. Glutathione is primarily known as a cellular antioxidant molecule, but its role in lateral root development in rice plants has not been elucidated. Here, we have investigated its role in lateral root development of rice Oryza sativa L.

Assessment of biomass potentials of microalgal communities in open pond raceways using mass cultivation.

Metagenome studies have provided us with insights into the complex interactions of microorganisms with their environments and hosts. Few studies have focused on microalgae-associated metagenomes, and no study has addressed aquatic microalgae and their bacterial communities in open pond raceways (OPRs). This study explored the possibility of using microalgal biomasses from OPRs for biodiesel and biofertilizer production.

Enhances Environmental Stress Tolerance and Improves Grain Yield by Modulating Stomatal Closure in Rice.

Abscisic acid-, stress-, and ripening-induced () genes are involved in responding to abiotic stresses, but their precise roles in enhancing grain yield under stress conditions remain to be determined. We cloned a rice () gene, , and characterized its function in rice plants. expression was induced by abscisic acid (ABA), salt, and drought treatments.

Illumina MiSeq Analysis and Comparison of Freshwater Microalgal Communities on Ulleungdo and Dokdo Islands.

Ulleungdo and Dokdo are volcanic islands with an oceanic climate located off the eastern coast of South Korea. In the present study, we used barcoded Illumina MiSeq to analyze eukaryotic microalgal genera collected from Seonginbong, the highest peak on Ulleungdo, and from groundwater sites on Dongdo and Seodo Islands, which are part of Dokdo. Species richness was significantly greater in the Seonginbong samples than in the Dongdo and Seodo samples, with 834 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) identified from Seonginbong compared with 203 OTUs and 182 OTUs from Dongdo and Seodo, respectively.

C-phycocyanin from Species KNUA002 Alleviates Cisplatin-Induced Ototoxicity by Blocking the Mitochondrial Apoptotic Pathway in Auditory Cells.

Ototoxicity, or adverse pharmacological effects on the inner ear or auditory nerve, is a common side effect of cisplatin, a platinum-based drug widely used in anticancer chemotherapy. Although the incidence of ototoxicity is high among patients that receive cisplatin therapy, there is currently no effective treatment for it. The generation of excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) is considered to be the major cause of cisplatin-induced ototoxicity.

Expression of Gene Improves Cellular Redox Homeostasis and Photosynthesis Efficiency in PCC 7942.

Cyanobacterial 2-Cys peroxiredoxin (thioredoxin peroxidase, ) comprises a family of thiol antioxidant enzymes critically involved in cell survival under oxidative stress. In our previous study, a putative was identified using a proteomics analysis of rice ( L. , ) seedlings exposed to oxidative stress.

Improved stress tolerance and productivity in transgenic rice plants constitutively expressing the Oryza sativa glutathione synthetase OsGS under paddy field conditions.

Reactive oxygen species, which increase under various environmental stresses, have deleterious effects on plants. An important antioxidant, glutathione, is used to detoxify reactive oxygen species in plant cells and is mainly produced by two enzymes: gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase (γ-ECS) and glutathione synthetase (GS). To evaluate the functional roles of the glutathione synthetase gene (OsGS) in rice, we generated four independent transgenic rice plants (TG1-TG4) that overexpressed OsGS under the control of the constitutively expressed OsCc1 promoter.