Perceived age estimation from facial image and demographic data in young and middle-aged South Korean adults.

Biological age is an indicator of whether an individual is experiencing rapid, slowing, or normal aging. Perceived age is highly correlated with biological age, which reflects health appraisal and is often used as a clinical marker of aging. Perceived age has been reported as an important indicator of biological age and general health status, not only in older adult populations but also in young and middle-aged adults.

Exploration of New Drug Candidate Derived from Antioxidants of Korean Native Halophytes: Control of with Antipathogenic Activity.

The rise of antibiotic-resistant bacteria poses a significant challenge to the treatment of bacterial infections, necessitating the development of novel antibiotics or strategies to preserve the efficacy of existing ones. This study investigates the role of oxidative stress modulation in the pathogenicity of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial strains, aiming to identify potential avenues for new drug design. Specifically, the anti-biofilm effects of crude extracts and fractions from seven halophyte species native to Jeju Island, South Korea, were evaluated against ATCC 17978.

P-Wave Duration Is Associated With Aging Patterns in Structural Brain Networks.

Background: Impaired cardiac function is associated with cognitive impairment and brain imaging features of aging. Cardiac arrhythmias, including atrial fibrillation, are implicated in clinical and subclinical brain injuries. Even in the absence of a clinical diagnosis, subclinical or prodromal substrates of arrhythmias, including an abnormally long or short P-wave duration (PWD), a measure associated with atrial abnormalities, have been associated with stroke and cognitive decline.

Deep learning-based algorithm for automatic quantification of nigrosome-1 and Parkinsonism classification using susceptibility map-weighted MRI.

Background And Purpose: To develop and validate a deep learning-based automatic quantification for nigral hyperintensity and a classification algorithm for neurodegenerative parkinsonism using susceptibility map-weighted imaging (SMwI).

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively collected 450 participants (210 with idiopathic Parkinson's disease [IPD] and 240 individuals in the control group) for training data between November 2022 and May 2023, and 237 participants (168 with IPD, 58 with essential tremor, and 11 with drug-induced Parkinsonism) for validation data between July 2021 and January 2022. SMwI data were reconstructed from multi-echo GRE.

Synthesis and biological evaluation of 4,7,9-trisubstituted benzoxazepines as antileishmanial agents.

Herein we report a series of antileishmanial analogues derived from 4-[(3,5-dimethyl-4-isoxazolyl)acetyl]-9-[(1-methyl-3-piperidinyl)methoxy]-7-(5-methyl-2-thienyl)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,4-benzoxazepine (1), which was identified through a previously reported high-throughput phenotypic screen. The analogue series was designed, synthesized, and evaluated for antileishmanial activity to establish pharmacophore elements and preliminary structure-activity relationships as key steps in validating the series for further optimization. This study led to identification of the early lead compound 46, which exhibited sub-micromolar proliferation inhibitory activity against intra-macrophage L.

Prospective Longitudinal Analysis of Physiologic MRI-based Tumor Habitat Predicts Short-term Patient Outcomes in IDH-wildtype Glioblastoma.

Background: This study validates MRI-based tumor habitats in predicting time-to-progression (TTP), overall survival (OS), and progression site in isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-wildtype glioblastoma patients.

Methods: Seventy-nine patients were prospectively enrolled between January 2020 and June 2022. MRI, including diffusion-weighted and dynamic susceptibility contrast imaging, were obtained immediately post-operation and at three serial timepoints.

Automated quantification of cerebral microbleeds in susceptibility-weighted MRI: association with vascular risk factors, white matter hyperintensity burden, and cognitive function.

Background And Purpose: To train and validate a deep learning (DL)-based segmentation model for cerebral microbleeds (CMB) on susceptibility-weighted MRI; and to find associations between CMB, cognitive impairment, and vascular risk factors.

Materials And Methods: Participants in this single-institution retrospective study underwent brain MRI to evaluate cognitive impairment between January-September 2023. For training the DL model, the nnU-Net framework was used without modifications.

Automated Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus Diagnosis via Artificial Intelligence-Based 3D T1 MRI Volumetric Analysis.

Background And Purpose: Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) is reversible dementia that is underdiagnosed. The purpose of this study was to develop an automated diagnostic method for iNPH using artificial intelligence techniques with a T1-weighted MRI scan.

Materials And Methods: We quantified iNPH, Parkinson disease, Alzheimer disease, and healthy controls on T1-weighted 3D brain MRI scans using 452 scans for training and 110 scans for testing.

Overexpression of dehydroascorbate reductase gene IbDHAR1 improves the tolerance to abiotic stress in sweet potato.

Dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR), an indispensable enzyme in the production of ascorbic acid (AsA) in plants, is vital for plant tolerance to various stresses. However, there is limited research on the stress tolerance functions of DHAR genes in sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas [L.] Lam).

Safety and efficacy of autologous blood tattooing for preoperative colonic localization: a comparative study with conventional India ink tattooing.

Background: India ink has been a popular choice for a tattooing agent in preoperative endoscopic localization but often results in unfavorable effects. Subsequently, autologous blood tattooing has arisen as an alternative option. Due to the limited availability of comparative studies on the matter, we conducted a study to compare the perioperative outcomes associated with India ink tattooing versus autologous blood tattooing.

Mapping tumor habitats in isocitrate dehydrogenase -wild type glioblastoma: Integrating MRI, pathologic, and RNA data from the Ivy Glioblastoma Atlas Project.

Background: The goal of the study was to spatially validate intratumoral subregions (tumor habitat) using physiologic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) on the pathology of the isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-wild-type whole-glioblastoma sample.

Methods: Data from 20 patients (168 slides) were obtained from the Ivy Glioblastoma Atlas Project. On MRI, tumor habitats were defined using voxel-wise clustering of the apparent diffusion coefficient and cerebral blood volume maps for contrast-enhancing lesions (CEL) and non-enhancing lesions (NEL).

Assessment of imaging risks for recurrence after stereotactic radiosurgery for brain metastases (IRRaS-BM).

Background: The identification of viable tumors and radiation necrosis after stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is crucial for patient management. Tumor habitat analysis involving the grouping of similar voxels can identify subregions that share common biology and enable the depiction of areas of tumor recurrence and treatment-induced change. This study aims to validate an imaging biomarker for tumor recurrence after SRS for brain metastasis by conducting tumor habitat analysis using multi-parametric MRI.

N-terminal truncated trehalose-6-phosphate synthase 1 gene (△NIbTPS1) enhances the tolerance of sweet potato to abiotic stress.

Sweet potato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam], the crop with the seventh highest annual production globally, is susceptible to various adverse environmental influences, and the study of stress-resistant genes is important for improving its tolerance to abiotic stress. The enzyme trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (TPS) is indispensable in the one pathway for synthesizing trehalose in plants.

Dietary supplementation with Lactium and L-theanine alleviates sleep disturbance in adults: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical study.

Introduction: The use of natural products for the treatment of sleep disturbances is increasing owing to the side effects and limitations of traditional sleep therapy. Moreover, recent studies have shown a significant correlation between sleep quality and gut microbiota composition. This study aimed to assess the impact of LTC-022, a commercially available dietary supplement containing Lactium and L-theanine, on enhancing sleep quality.

Advanced Preoperative Clinical Stage Is Associated With More Lymph Node Harvest in Patients With Right Colon Cancer.

Purpose: The adequacy of lymph node (LN) harvest is important in oncological colon cancer resections. While several studies have suggested factors influencing LN yield in colon cancer, limited data are available only regarding right hemicolectomies with complete mesocolic excision (CME) and central vessel ligation (CVL).

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 169 patients who underwent right hemicolectomies with CME and CVL for right-sided colon cancer between February 2019 and March 2023.

Factors Influencing Wound Healing in Diabetic Foot Patients.

: Diabetic foot stands out as one of the most consequential and devastating complications of diabetes. Many factors, including VIPS (Vascular management, Infection management, Pressure relief, and Source of healing), influence the prognosis and treatment of diabetic foot patients. There are many studies on VIPS, but relatively few studies on "sources of healing".

Automated Prediction of Proximal Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusions in Noncontrast Brain Computed Tomography.

Background: Early identification of large vessel occlusion (LVO) in patients with ischemic stroke is crucial for timely interventions. We propose a machine learning-based algorithm (JLK-CTL) that uses handcrafted features from noncontrast computed tomography to predict LVO.

Methods: We included patients with ischemic stroke who underwent concurrent noncontrast computed tomography and computed tomography angiography in seven hospitals.

Overexpression of sweetpotato glutamylcysteine synthetase (IbGCS) in Arabidopsis confers tolerance to drought and salt stresses.

Various environmental stresses induce the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which have deleterious effects on plant cells. Glutathione (GSH) is an antioxidant used to counteract reactive oxygen species. Glutathione is produced by glutamylcysteine synthetase (GCS) and glutathione synthetase (GS).

MRI Scoring Systems for Predicting Isocitrate Dehydrogenase Mutation and Chromosome 1p/19q Codeletion in Adult-type Diffuse Glioma Lacking Contrast Enhancement.

Background According to 2021 World Health Organization criteria, adult-type diffuse gliomas include glioblastoma, isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-wildtype; oligodendroglioma, IDH-mutant and 1p/19q-codeleted; and astrocytoma, IDH-mutant, even when contrast enhancement is lacking. Purpose To develop and validate simple scoring systems for predicting IDH and subsequent 1p/19q codeletion status in gliomas without contrast enhancement using standard clinical MRI sequences. Materials and Methods This retrospective study included adult-type diffuse gliomas lacking contrast at contrast-enhanced MRI from two tertiary referral hospitals between January 2012 and April 2022 with diagnoses confirmed at pathology.