Use of Multimodal Artificial Intelligence in Surgical Instrument Recognition.

Accurate identification of surgical instruments is crucial for efficient workflows and patient safety within the operating room, particularly in preventing complications such as retained surgical instruments. Artificial Intelligence (AI) models have shown the potential to automate this process. This study evaluates the accuracy of publicly available Large Language Models (LLMs)-ChatGPT-4, ChatGPT-4o, and Gemini-and a specialized commercial mobile application, Surgical-Instrument Directory (SID 2.

Impact of Demographics and Psychological Factors on Three-Day Postoperative Pain Perception Following Hand Surgery.

Effective pain management is crucial for both comfort and outcomes, yet predicting and managing this pain is difficult. This study aimed to analyze postoperative pain in patients undergoing hand surgery at the Mayo Clinic Florida, examining how patient characteristics and anxiety affect pain outcomes. We conducted a single-arm clinical trial at Mayo Clinic Florida, recruiting patients undergoing hand surgery.

Intracerebroventricular B7-H3-targeting CAR T cells for diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma: a phase 1 trial.

Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) is a fatal central nervous system (CNS) tumor that confers a median survival of 11 months. As B7-H3 is expressed on pediatric CNS tumors, we conducted BrainChild-03, a single-center, dose-escalation phase 1 clinical trial of repetitive intracerebroventricular (ICV) dosing of B7-H3-targeting chimeric antigen receptor T cells (B7-H3 CAR T cells) for children with recurrent or refractory CNS tumors and DIPG. Here we report results from Arm C, restricted to patients with DIPG.

Peri-Implant Enhancement of the Breast: Imaging Features, Significance, and Management Strategies.

Objective: Peri-implant enhancement can be seen on contrast-enhanced breast MRI, but its association with malignancy has not been described, leading to considerable variability in assessment and recommendations by radiologists. This study evaluated imaging features, management, and outcomes of implant-related enhancement.

Methods: This multisite IRB-approved retrospective review queried all breast MRI reports for keywords describing peri-implant enhancement, fluid, and/or masses (plus synonymous descriptions) and implant-associated malignancies, with subsequent imaging and chart review.

Identification of Pain through Actigraphy-Recorded Patient Movement: A Comprehensive Review.

Chronic pain affects over 50 million people in the United States, particularly older adults, making effective assessment and treatment essential in primary care. Actigraphy, which monitors and records limb movement to estimate wakefulness and sleep, has emerged as a valuable tool for assessing pain by providing insights into activity patterns. This review highlights the non-invasive, cost-effective nature of actigraphy in pain monitoring, along with its ability to offer continuous, detailed data on patient movement.

Travel-Related Cutaneous Myiasis: A Case Report.

Background: Human myiasis, the infestation of tissues by dipterous larvae, commonly manifests as painful, raised skin lesions, particularly in tropical regions such as Latin America, where (the human botfly) is a frequent cause. With increased international travel, cases of travel-related myiasis have become more prevalent, necessitating awareness among healthcare providers in non-endemic regions.

Methods: We present a case of cutaneous myiasis in a 69-year-old male who returned to the United States from Belize.

Identification of Potential Factors Associated with Cellulitis Following Lymphovenous Bypass Surgery in Breast Cancer Survivors.

Background:  Breast cancer is one of the most common types of cancer, with around 2.3 million cases diagnosed in 2020. One in five cancer patients develops chronic lymphedema caused by multifactorial triggers and treatment-related factors.

Comparing Collagenase and Tissue Subcision for Cellulite Treatment of the Buttock and Thigh Regions: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: In this systematic review, we assessed the therapeutic efficacy and safety of collagenase (CCH) and tissue subcision (TS) for treating cellulite, which ranges from subtle to pronounced lesions.

Methods: A systematic review was performed following PRISMA guidelines for CCH and TS treatment to the thigh and gluteal regions. A proportion meta-analysis was then conducted using Stata statistical software.

Cell-Based Therapies Induce Tolerance of Vascularized Composite Allotransplants: A Systematic Review.

Introduction: Vascularized composite allotransplantation (VCA) is the transplantation of multiple tissue types as a solution for devastating injuries. Despite the highly encouraging functional outcomes of VCA, the consequences of long-term immunosuppression remain the main obstacle in its application. In this review, we provide researchers and surgeons with a summary of the latest advances in the field of cell-based therapies for VCA tolerance.

The value of microvascular breast reconstruction: Cost equivalence of TRAM and DIEP flaps implications in the era of CMS reforms.

Background: Recent CMS billing changes have raised concerns about insurance coverage for deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap breast reconstruction. This study compared the costs and utilization of transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous (TRAM), DIEP, and latissimus dorsi (LD) flaps in breast reconstruction.

Method: The study utilized the National Inpatient Sample database to identify female patients who underwent DIEP, TRAM, and LD flap procedures from 2016 to 2019.

The usefulness of artificial intelligence in breast reconstruction: a systematic review.

Background: Artificial Intelligence (AI) offers an approach to predictive modeling. The model learns to determine specific patterns of undesirable outcomes in a dataset. Therefore, a decision-making algorithm can be built based on these patterns to prevent negative results.

Utilization of patient-reported outcome measures in plastic surgery clinical trials: A systematic review.

Background: Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) have evolved to validated questionnaires assessing health-related quality of life. This systematic review evaluates the utilization of PROs in United States plastic and reconstructive surgery (PRS) clinical trials (CTs).

Methods: A medical librarian conducted a search strategy for PRS CTs from 2012 to 2022.

Bundling Colorectal Cancer Screening Outreach with Screening for Social Risk in Federally Qualified Health Centers: A Stepped-Wedge Implementation-Effectiveness Study.

Background: Bundling is combining individual interventions to meet quality metrics. Bundling offers of cancer screening with screening for social determinants of health (SDOH) may enable health centers to assist patients with social risks and yield efficiencies.

Objective: To measure effects of bundling fecal immunochemical testing (FIT) and SDOH screening in federally qualified health centers (FQHCs).

Technical consideration for breast reconstruction in patients requiring neoadjuvant or adjuvant radiotherapy: a narrative review.

Background And Objective: Surgical considerations for breast reconstruction (BR) in patients requiring neoadjuvant radiotherapy (NART) or adjuvant radiotherapy (ART) cannot be understated. The management of irradiated tissue leads surgeons to face several challenges. Therefore, it is essential to comprehensively understand the proper patient selection and preoperative planning to ensure the best outcomes and minimize the risk of complications.

Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Healing Outcomes in Clinical and Pre-Clinical Models to Treat Pressure Ulcers: A Systematic Review.

Background: Despite numerous measures used to prevent pressure ulcers, their growing prevalence in recent years is expected to continue as the population ages. This review aims to report the outcomes of the regenerative potential of MSCs in treating pressure ulcers, assessing the effectiveness of MSCs in treating pressure ulcers.

Methods: A computerized search for articles on animal models that use MSCs as primary therapy to treat pressure ulcers, published from conception to present, was conducted using PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, and CINAHL.

A Review on the Management of Peripheral Neuropathic Pain Following Breast Cancer.

Postmastectomy pain syndrome (PMPS) is a common and debilitating form of postsurgical pain with neuropathic characteristics, presenting as burning, stabbing, or pulling sensations after mastectomy, lumpectomy, or other breast procedures. With a prevalence of 31%, the risk factors for PMPS include younger age, psychosocial factors, radiotherapy, axillary lymph node dissection, and a history of chronic pain. This review evaluates the pharmacological and surgical options for managing PMPS.

Evaluating the exoscope as an alternative to the operating microscope in plastic surgery.

Background: Microsurgery is most commonly used in the anastomosis of vessels, flap harvesting, lymphedema, and nerve reconstruction, among others. During the 1920s the first microscope was invented by Nylen and Holmgren, quickly becoming the gold standard for microsurgery. However, technological advances have come forth in the form of exoscopes.

Exploring the Potential of Aptamers in Targeting Neuroinflammation and Neurodegenerative Disorders: Opportunities and Challenges.

Neuroinflammation is the precursor for several neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs), such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and multiple sclerosis (MS). Targeting neuroinflammation has emerged as a promising strategy to address a wide range of CNS pathologies. These NDDs still present significant challenges in terms of limited and ineffective diagnosis and treatment options, driving the need to explore innovative and novel therapeutic alternatives.

Bone Morphogenic Protein and Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Regenerate Bone in Calvarial Defects: A Systematic Review.

Background: The use of bone morphogenic protein and mesenchymal stem cells has shown promise in promoting bone regeneration in calvarial defects. However, a systematic review of the available literature is needed to evaluate the efficacy of this approach.

Methods: We comprehensively searched electronic databases using MeSH terms related to skull defects, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, and bone morphogenic proteins.

Service-learning under COVID-19: A scoping review of the challenges and opportunities for practicing service-learning in the 'New Normal'.

Service-learning collaborations have the potential to effectively respond to community needs, students' needs, and institutional priorities. However, natural and man-made crises oftentimes throw these arrangements into disarray. The coronavirus (COVID-19) is one such significant crisis that continues to challenge service-learning collaborations worldwide.