Clinical characteristics and outcome of pediatric patients diagnosed with Langerhans cell histiocytosis in pediatric hematology and oncology centers in Poland.

Background: Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) affects 1-2 in 1,000,000 people. The disease is not associated with increased risk of treatment failure (especially among older children), but appropriate procedures implemented in advance can eliminate complications which might appear and significantly worsen the patients' quality of life. Thus, we sought to evaluate the clinical features, management, and outcome of children with LCH treated in Polish pediatric hematology-oncology centers.

Genetic Profile and Clinical Implications of Hepatoblastoma and Neuroblastoma Coexistence in a Child.

The aim of the following case report is to provide a description of the coexistence of two independent tumors in a child. A 9-month-old male was referred to Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology with hepatic tumor present on ultrasound imaging and symptoms of enlarged abdominal circumference. Physical examination revealed a palpable epigastric mass and the imaging techniques showed a tumor of the left hepatic lobe measuring 11 × 6.

[Hemophagocytic syndrome in children with different underlying conditions].

Hemophagocytic syndrome (HS) is a life-threatening condition of hyperinflammation. Main symptoms are: prolonged fever, cytopenia, hepatosplenomegaly, hemophagocytosis, hyperferritinemia, hypertriglyceridemia and hypofibrinogenemia. Primary genetic form and secondary HS associated with infections, malignancies or autoimmune disorders can be distinguished.

Incidental neuroblastoma.

The diagnosis of neuroblastoma in its early stage, especially in asymptomatic children, with the so-called incidentally diagnosed disease, may be associated with a good prognosis. The aim of this study is an attempt at analyzing this problem. Between 1 January 1993 and 30 April 1998, 40 children with newly diagnosed neuroblastoma started therapy at the authors' department.

[Treatment results for rhabdomyosarcoma in children].

The results of treatment in 45 children with rhabdomyosarcoma was presented. Two-years survival was achieved in 63% and five-year in 45%. The importance of location and group of clinical progression discussed was importance prognostic factors in rhabdomyosarcoma.