Evaluation of an enhanced ResNet-18 classification model for rapid On-site diagnosis in respiratory cytology.

Objective: Rapid on-site evaluation (ROSE) of respiratory cytology specimens is a critical technique for accurate and timely diagnosis of lung cancer. However, in China, limited familiarity with the Diff-Quik staining method and a shortage of trained cytopathologists hamper utilization of ROSE. Therefore, developing an improved deep learning model to assist clinicians in promptly and accurately evaluating Diff-Quik stained cytology samples during ROSE has important clinical value.

Stroke systems of care in South-East Asia Region (SEAR): commonalities and diversities.

The Southeast Asia Region (SEAR) accounts for nearly 50% of the developing world's stroke burden. With various commonalities across its countries concerning health services, user awareness, and healthcare-seeking behavior, SEAR still presents profound diversities in stroke-related services across the continuum of care. This review highlights the numerous systems and challenges in access to stroke care, acute stroke care services, and health care systems, including rehabilitation.

Effects of task-oriented training on upper extremity functional performance in patients with sub-acute stroke: a randomized controlled trial.

[Purpose] The present study aimed to determine the effects of a task-oriented training on paretic upper extremity functional performance in patients with subacute stroke. [Participants and Methods] Twenty-eight subacute stroke sufferers (mean age: 50.07, standard deviation 9.

Tramadol: a valuable treatment for pain in Southeast Asian countries.

Background: The supply of controlled drugs is limited in the Far East, despite the prevalence of health disorders that warrant their prescription. Reasons for this include strict regulatory frameworks, limited financial resources, lack of appropriate training amongst the medical profession and fear of addiction in both general practitioners and the wider population. Consequently, the weak opioid tramadol has become the analgesic most frequently used in the region to treat moderate to severe pain.

Effects of Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Obesity on Cardiac Remodeling: The Wisconsin Sleep Cohort Study.

Study Objectives: To characterize the prospective associations of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) with future echocardiographic measures of adverse cardiac remodeling.

Methods: This was a prospective long-term observational study. Participants had overnight polysomnography followed by transthoracic echocardiography a mean (standard deviation) of 18.

Obstructive sleep apnoea during REM sleep and incident non-dipping of nocturnal blood pressure: a longitudinal analysis of the Wisconsin Sleep Cohort.

Background: Non-dipping of nocturnal blood pressure (BP) is associated with target organ damage and cardiovascular disease. Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is associated with incident non-dipping. However, the relationship between disordered breathing during rapid eye movement (REM) sleep and the risk of developing non-dipping has not been examined.

Coronary heart disease incidence in sleep disordered breathing: the Wisconsin Sleep Cohort Study.

Study Objectives: The aim of the study was to determine the association of objectively measured sleep disordered breathing (SDB) with incident coronary heart disease (CHD) or heart failure (HF) in a nonclinical population.

Design: Longitudinal analysis of a community-dwelling cohort followed up to 24 y.

Setting: Sleep laboratory at the Clinical Research Unit of the University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics.

Obstructive sleep apnea during REM sleep and hypertension. results of the Wisconsin Sleep Cohort.

Rationale: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with hypertension.

Objectives: We aimed to quantify the independent association of OSA during REM sleep with prevalent and incident hypertension.

Methods: We included adults enrolled in the longitudinal community-based Wisconsin Sleep Cohort Study with at least 30 minutes of REM sleep obtained from overnight in-laboratory polysomnography.

Obstructive sleep apnea is associated with future subclinical carotid artery disease: thirteen-year follow-up from the Wisconsin sleep cohort.

Objective: To determine the longitudinal associations between obstructive sleep apnea, carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT), and plaque.

Approach And Results: This is a population-based, prospective cohort study conducted from July, 1989, to November, 2012, on 790 randomly selected Wisconsin residents who completed a mean of 3.5 (range, 1-6) polysomnograms during the study period.

Increased prevalence of sleep-disordered breathing in adults.

Sleep-disordered breathing is a common disorder with a range of harmful sequelae. Obesity is a strong causal factor for sleep-disordered breathing, and because of the ongoing obesity epidemic, previous estimates of sleep-disordered breathing prevalence require updating. We estimated the prevalence of sleep-disordered breathing in the United States for the periods of 1988-1994 and 2007-2010 using data from the Wisconsin Sleep Cohort Study, an ongoing community-based study that was established in 1988 with participants randomly selected from an employed population of Wisconsin adults.

Sleep-disordered breathing and cancer mortality: results from the Wisconsin Sleep Cohort Study.

Rationale: Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) has been associated with total and cardiovascular mortality, but an association with cancer mortality has not been studied. Results from in vitro and animal studies suggest that intermittent hypoxia promotes cancer tumor growth.

Objectives: The goal of the present study was to examine whether SDB is associated with cancer mortality in a community-based sample.

β2 adrenergic receptor polymorphisms and nocturnal blood pressure dipping status in the Wisconsin Sleep Cohort Study.

Nondipping nocturnal blood pressure (BP) is associated with target organ damage and cardiovascular disease. We hypothesized that β1- and β2-AR-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) would associate with nondipping BP patterns. Participants (n = 497, age range 30-74 years, 40% female) of the Wisconsin Sleep Cohort Study with at least one ambulatory BP monitoring test were included.

Burden of sleep apnea: rationale, design, and major findings of the Wisconsin Sleep Cohort study.

Context: Untreated sleep apnea is a prevalent but treatable condition of breathing pauses during sleep. With approximately 15% of the US population affected, understanding of the total health burden is necessary to guide policy, population initiatives, and clinical practice to reduce the prevalence of this condition.

Objective: To outline the history and need for a population approach to understanding sleep apnea and provide a review of the first longitudinal population study of this disorder.

Long-term outcomes of a primary care faculty development program at the University of Wisconsin.

Background And Objectives: To meet a need for primary care teachers, the Bureau of Health Professions funds faculty development programs for primary care preceptors. The purpose of this study was to determine how graduates of our faculty development program identified its long-term effect on professional outcomes.

Methods: Our program was a year-long series of five weekend workshops focusing on the preparation of preceptors to teach curricular areas relatively new to medical education--evidence-based medicine, teaching skills, technology tools, doctor-patient communication, quality improvement, and advocacy.

Sleep disordered breathing and mortality: eighteen-year follow-up of the Wisconsin sleep cohort.

Background: Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is a treatable but markedly under-diagnosed condition of frequent breathing pauses during sleep. SDB is linked to incident cardiovascular disease, stroke, and other morbidity. However, the risk of mortality with untreated SDB, determined by polysomnography screening, in the general population has not been established.

Longitudinal association of sleep-disordered breathing and nondipping of nocturnal blood pressure in the Wisconsin Sleep Cohort Study.

Study Objectives: The association of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) and blunting of normal nocturnal lowering of blood pressure (BP) (nondipping) has only been examined cross-sectionally. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether SDB is prospectively associated with nondipping.

Methods: The longitudinal association between SDB and incident nondipping was examined in a subsample of 328 adults enrolled in the Wisconsin Sleep Cohort Study who completed 2 or more 24-hour ambulatory BP studies over an average of 7.

Electrocardiographically indicated cardiovascular disease in sleep-disordered breathing.

The evidence for a role of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) in cardiovascular disease (CVD) is inconclusive and limited to clinic-based studies or population-based studies using historical CVD data. The authors investigated cross-sectional association of SDB, assessed by overnight polysomnography and described by frequency of apnea/hypopnea episodes (Apnea-Hypopnea Index, AHI), with screen-detected CVD consisting of cardiologist-confirmed, electrocardiographically indicated coronary artery disease (ECG-CAD), left ventricular hypertrophy (ECG-LVH), arrhythmias, and conduction abnormalities in a general population. Using multiple logistic regression with adjustments for covariables, there was no significant association of AHI with ECG-CAD, ECG-LVH by voltage, arrhythmias, or conduction abnormalities.

Edwardsiella tarda septicemia with underlying multiple liver abscesses.

Edwardsiella tarda has recently been described as a member of the family Enterobacteriaceae. The genus Edwardsiella contains three species; E. hoshinae, E.

Clinical usefulness of 'vocal fremitus' and 'vocal resonance'--GP perceptions and practice.

Assessment of vocal fremitus (VF) and vocal resonance (VR) (whereby vocal vibrations are felt or heard during a clinical examination) is an established art of physical examination of the respiratory system. Textbooks on clinical examination include these procedures as part of the standard method.

Longitudinal association of sleep-related breathing disorder and depression.

Background: Sleep-related breathing disorder (SRBD) and depression have each been independently associated with substantial morbidity, impairment, and disability. The development of clinical strategies for screening and managing depression in patients with SRBD requires elucidation of the association between the 2 conditions. This population-based epidemiological study assesses SRBD as a longitudinal predictor of depression.

Reactogenicity and immunogenicity profiles of a novel pentavalent diphtheria-tetanus-whole cell pertussis-hepatitis B and Haemophilus influenzae type B vaccine: a randomized dose-ranging trial of the Hib tetanus-conjugate content.

Background: Combined vaccines containing diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis whole-cell (DTPw), Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib), and hepatitis-B vaccines are essential for the continuing success of vaccination programs in developing nations. This randomized, dose-ranging study assessed the immunogenicity and reactogenicity of primary and booster vaccination with pentavalent DTPw-HBV/Hib vaccines containing 10, 5 or 2.5 microg of polyribosylribitol phosphate (PRP) conjugated to tetanus toxoid (trials Hib-052/064).

A weekend program model for faculty development with primary care physicians.

Background: Medical teachers are expected to be proficient at teaching students and residents about the changing health care system. The University of Wisconsin established a faculty development fellowship program to better prepare clinical teachers in family medicine, general pediatrics, and general internal medicine. This paper describes our fellowship program, presents data on program accomplishments, and discusses what we have learned.

Hemoglobinopathy case finding by pulse oximetry.

Pulse oximetry is a widely used, noninvasive instrument for monitoring oxygen saturation. Its use, however, is limited in the setting of dyshemoglobinemias. We report a case of hemoglobin Rothschild in an Asian patient diagnosed as a result of routine pulse oximetry.