MR Enterography in Ulcerative Colitis: Beyond Endoscopy.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that progressively affects mucosa and submuccosa of the colon and rectum in a continual pattern. In comparison, Crohn disease (CD), the other type of IBD, is a chronic transmural inflammatory disorder that can involve any part of the gastrointestinal tract. MR enterography (MRE) has emerged as an important imaging modality for the diagnosis and detection of disease activity and complications in CD, with comparable results to those of endoscopy.

Practice of IDH1, ATRX, and P53 Immunohistochemistry in Integrated Diagnosis of Adult Diffuse Gliomas: Single Center Study.

Diffuse gliomas exhibit different molecular and genetic profiles with a wide range of heterogeneity and prognosis. Recently, molecular parameters including ATRX, P53, and IDH mutation status or absence or presence of 1p/19q co-deletion have become a crucial part of the diagnosis of diffuse glioma. In the present study, we tried to analyze the routine practice of the above-mentioned molecular markers focusing on the IHC method in cases of adult diffuse gliomas to evaluate their utility in the integrated diagnosis of adult diffuse gliomas.

Central oral pulse granuloma: a case report of huge mandibular jaw lesion.

Oral pulse granuloma is a rare lesion of the oral cavity with unclear etiology. Some authors believe this lesion is a foreign body reaction to implanted food particles. In the oral cavity, most cases are found in the posterior regions of the mandible.

Atypical Presentation of Amyloidosis in a Female Patient with Muscle Weakness.

Muscle involvement represents a well-recognized but rare manifestation of amyloidosis. Here, we report a 40-year-old female who presented with muscle weakness, musculoskeletal pain, and proteinuria, which was eventually diagnosed as myopathic amyloidosis based on muscle biopsy results. A multidisciplinary approach appears to be the cornerstone of the diagnostic work up for recognizing the unusual amyloid myopathy.

Evaluation of Sirtuin1 Overexpression by Immunohistochemistry in Cervical Intraepithelial Lesions and Invasive Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Cervical cancer is one of the most common genital cancers in the woman with approximately half a million new cases per year. Development of invasive squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the result of persistent and frequent human papilloma virus infection in premalignant lesions of cervix. Thereby identification of biomarkers that could predict progression of dysplastic mucosa to invasive cancer is of great clinical significance.

Necrotizing autoimmune myositis following coronavirus disease 2019 infection: a case report.

Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 may be associated with late-onset necrotizing myositis, mimicking autoimmune inflammatory myositis; however, the exact underlying pathogenesis of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2-induced myositis is still unclear.

Case Presentation: Herein, we report a rare case of necrotizing autoimmune myositis in a 67-year-old middle eastern male following coronavirus disease 2019 infection, who presented with muscle weakness. The patient had positive anti-NXP2.

Does Adding a Cardia Biopsy Improve Gastric Intestinal Metaplasia Detection Rate by the Sydney System Protocol?

Background: The Sydney system offers a standard biopsy protocol for detection and follow-up of gastric preneoplastic lesions such as intestinal metaplasia (IM). The highest frequency of cardia-type gastric adenocarcinoma (GA) in Iran has been documented in the north-western part of the country. This study aims to investigate the effect of the addition of mucosal biopsies of gastric cardia to the standard Sydney protocol on the rate of detection of IM in the asymptomatic residents of this high-risk region for proximal gastric cancer.

Intraventricular CNS aspergillosis in a patient with prior history of COVID-19: Case report and review of literature.

Introduction And Importance: Although some immunocompetent patients have developed invasive aspergillosis, the vast majority of cases are seen in immunocompromised patients. COVID-19 infection has been proposed to cause immune dysfunction or suppression, which predisposes patients to fungal co-infections such as mucormycosis and aspergillosis.

Case Presentation: A 58-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital with confusion, dysarthria, and loss of consciousness.

Data mining of bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing introduces OBI1-AS1 as an astrocyte marker with possible role in glioma recurrence and progression.

Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) are widely known for their various functions in cancer from tumor initiation to tumor progression and metastasis. Gliomas are the most prevalent primary forms of brain tumor, classified into grades I to IV according to their malignant histological features with grade IV, also known as glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), displaying the highest level of malignancy. Thus, the search for differentially expressed LncRNAs in GBM versus low-grade glioma to uncover new insights into the molecular mechanisms of glioma progression have intensified.

Seroconversion rates following 2 doses of measles- mumps- rubella vaccination given at the ages 12 and 18 months: data for possible additional dose at older age.

Background: Despite high rate of vaccination coverage with 2-doses of measles containing vaccine among Iranian children, outbreaks of measles occurred among different age groups and fully vaccinated subjects. Although the main reason for these outbreaks is unknown, however, vaccine failure was supposed to be an important cause. This study was designed to determine the seroconversion rates to measles- mumps- rubella (MMR) vaccine currently in use among Iranian children.

Determination of β-catenin Expression in Breast Cancer and Its Relationship with Clinicopathologic Parameters.

Background: Abnormal activation of the β-catenin signaling pathway is involved in various malignancies, including breast carcinoma.Aberrant expression of β-catenin has been associated with more aggressive behaviors of breast cancer in some previous studies. .

Mutational signatures in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma from eight countries with varying incidence.

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) shows remarkable variation in incidence that is not fully explained by known lifestyle and environmental risk factors. It has been speculated that an unknown exogenous exposure(s) could be responsible. Here we combine the fields of mutational signature analysis with cancer epidemiology to study 552 ESCC genomes from eight countries with varying incidence rates.

Immunogenicity and Complications of the Pentavalent Vaccine in Iranian Children.

Vaccination is one of the most convenient and safe preventive care measures available for children. The Pentavalent vaccine which protects against five major infections including diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, hepatitis B(HepB) and () was added to the Iranian national immunization program in November 2014. This study aimed to determine the Pentavalent vaccine adverse events and immunogenicity in an Iranian children population in Sari, northern Iran.

Myofibroblastoma of the Breast: A Morphologic and Immunohistochemical Study of Three Cases.

Myofibroblastoma (MFB) of the breast is an uncommon entity of benign spindle neoplasms of the breast. This tumour possesses a broad spectrum of histomorphological patterns. Distinguishing of myofibroblastoma variants from malignant mimics of this benign neoplasm is essential for pathologists to avoid further invasive surgical procedures.

The Utility of Phosphohistone H3 in Inter-Observer Variability of Mitotic Count in Meningioma, is There Any Benefit?

Objective: One of the most reliable and decisive histologic parameters with negative prognostic impact is tumor proliferation capacity . Quantification of mitosis in H&E stained slides could be problematic and is limited by poor reproducibility and lack of objectivity. This study was designed to evaluate inter-observer variability in mitotic count using Phosphohistone H3(PHH3).

Differential Expression of Hypoxia-Related Genes in Primary Brain Tumors and Correlation with Clinicopathologic Data.

Objective: Meningiomas and gliomas are common benign and malignant primary brain tumors, respectively. One of the most prominent features of aggressive malignancies contributing to their progression is their ability to cope with hypoxia. Therefore, glioma tumors are expected to better cope with adverse hypoxic conditions and, consequently, display significantly different expression levels of hypoxia-adaptive genes.

Huge Lateral Rectus Solitary Plasmacytoma Causing Shunt Extrusion.

A 54-year-old man with a history of radiotherapy for right maxillary sinus plasmacytoma 3 years previously was referred to an orbital clinic with progressive proptosis in his right eye. His vision had deteriorated after an initial improvement after phacoemulsification 2 years before. He had undergone shunt implantation and later shunt removal following plate extrusion with the diagnosis of neovascular glaucoma following CRVO.

Many faces of acute bowel ischemia: overview of radiologic staging.

Acute bowel ischemia (ABI) can be life threatening with high mortality rate. In spite of the advances made in diagnosis and treatment of ABI, no significant change has occurred in the mortality over the past decade. ABI is potentially reversible with prompt diagnosis.

Diagnostic Value of TROP2 Expression in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma.

Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) represents the most common primary malignant thyroid lesion in all age groups. As diagnosis of PTC could be challenging in some cases and borderline nuclear features could be seen in some benign mimickers, several immunohistochemical markers are proposed to be helpful for making the correct diagnosis. In this study the authors investigated the diagnostic value of transmembrane glycoprotein (TROP2) for differentiating PTC from other thyroid follicular lesions.

Nodular lymphoid hyperplasia of terminal ileum: how to avoid overdiagnosis of Crohn's terminal ileitis in MR enterography?

Purpose: To investigate the magnetic resonance enterography (MRE) characteristics of nodular lymphoid hyperplasia (NLH) and Crohn's terminal ileitis (CTI).

Methods: Of 1552 MREs from November 2011 to July 2018, 61 individuals with biopsy-proven NLH (n = 24) and CTI (n = 37, 27 with active CTI) were selected based on the inclusion criteria. NLH cases were also followed up for median (range) of 40 (21-61) months.

Necessity of Routine Repeat Testing of Critical Values in Various Working Shifts.

Background & Objective: Accurate and timely reporting of critical values is an important issue. There is some doubt whether repeat testing of critical values would offer any advantage over single testing or not. The aim of this study was evaluation of utility of routine repeat testing of critical values in our referral center and to compare probable variations in different working shifts.

High level of vaccination and protection against hepatitis B with low rate of HCV infection markers among hospital health care personnel in north of Iran: a cross-sectional study.

Background: hepatitis B virus (HBV) and C virus (HCV) are among the leading causes of mortality worldwide. Health care personnel (HCP) are subjected to increased risk of these infections. Therefore, HBV vaccination and post-vaccination serologic testing (PVST) are recommended for them.