Respiratory-gated proton beam therapy for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma without fiducial markers.

Background: Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is a challenging primary liver cancer with a poor prognosis, especially in unresectable cases. Traditional palliative irradiation is limited in reducing liver doses. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of respiratory-gated proton beam therapy without fiducial markers for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.

Proton and carbon ion radiotherapy for operable early-stage lung cancer; a prospective nationwide registry.

Background And Purpose: To investigate the toxicity and survival outcomes of proton and carbon ion radiotherapy for patients with operable early-stage lung cancer who are eligible for lobectomy.

Materials And Methods: This multicenter nationwide prospective cohort study included patients with operable early-stage lung cancer. Proton and carbon ion radiotherapy was performed according to the schedule stipulated in the unified treatment policy.

Clinical results of proton beam radiotherapy for inoperable stage III non-small cell lung cancer: a Japanese national registry study.

This study presents the first data of a Japanese nationwide multi-institutional cohort and compares them with the findings of systematic literature reviews on radiation therapies and inoperable stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) conducted by the Lung Cancer Working Group in the Particle Beam Therapy (PBT) Committee and Subcommittee at Japanese Society for Radiation Oncology. The Lung Cancer Working Group extracted eight reports and compared their data with those of the PBT registry from May 2016 to June 2018. All the analyzed 75 patients aged ≤80 years underwent proton therapy (PT) with concurrent chemotherapy for inoperable stage III NSCLC.

Effectiveness of CT-image guidance in proton therapy for liver cancer and the importance of daily dose monitoring for tumors and organs at risk.

Background: It is important to have precise image guidance throughout proton therapy in order to take advantage of the therapy's physical selectivity.

Purpose: We evaluated the effectiveness of computed tomography (CT)-image guidance in proton therapy for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by assessing daily proton dose distributions. The importance of daily CT image-guided registration and daily proton dose monitoring for tumors and organs at risk (OARs) was investigated.

Comprehensive analysis of Japanese nationwide cohort data of particle beam therapy for pulmonary, liver and lymph node oligometastases: particle beam therapy versus high-precision X-ray radiotherapy.

Japanese national oncological experts convened to evaluate the efficacy and safety of particle beam therapy (PT) for pulmonary, liver and lymph node oligometastases (P-OM, L-OM and LN-OM, respectively) and to conduct a statistically comparative analysis of the local control (LC) rate and overall survival (OS) rate of PT versus those of X-ray stereotactic body radiotherapy (X-SBRT) and X-ray intensity-modulated radiotherapy (X-IMRT). They conducted [1] an analysis of the efficacy and safety of metastasis-directed therapy with PT for P-OM, L-OM and LN-OM using a Japanese nationwide multi-institutional cohort study data set; [2] a systematic review of X-ray high-precision radiotherapy (i.e.

Evaluation of Exposure Doses of Elective Nodal Irradiation in Chemoradiotherapy for Advanced Esophageal Cancer.

We evaluated elective nodal irradiation (ENI) doses during radical chemoradiotherapy (CRT) for esophageal cancer (EC). A total of 79 patients (65 men and 14 women) aged 52-80 years with T1-3, N0-3, and M0 (including M1ly) who underwent CRT for EC during November 2012-September 2019 were eligible for this retrospective analysis. Patients were divided into two groups: the high-dose group (HG), including 38 patients who received ≥40 Gy as ENI; and the low-dose group (LG), including 41 patients who received <40 Gy.

Long-Term Results of Proton Therapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Using Four-Dimensional Computed Tomography Planning without Fiducial Markers.

We report here the long-term results of marker-less respiratory-gated proton therapy (PT), without fiducial markers for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which was planned using a four-dimensional computed tomography technique. Local tumor control (LTC) and overall survival (OS) were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Toxicity was graded per CTCAE v5.

Multi-institutional feasibility study of intensity-modulated radiotherapy with chemotherapy for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: This multi-institutional clinical trial evaluated the feasibility of intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) for patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods: The major inclusion criteria were clinical stage III NSCLC, age 20-74 years, and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status 0-1. Patients were treated with either cisplatin + S-1 (CS; four cycles every 4 weeks) or carboplatin + paclitaxel (CP; administered weekly with thoracic radiotherapy [RT], plus two consolidation cycles) concurrently with IMRT (60 Gy in 30 fractions).

Effect of Rapamycin on the Radio-Sensitivity of Cultured Tumor Cells Following Boron Neutron Capture Reaction.

Background: Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway has been implicated in multiple mechanisms of resistance to anticancer drugs and poor treatment outcomes in various human cancers. Meanwhile, clinical boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) has been carried out for patients with malignant gliomas, melanomas, inoperable head and neck tumors and oral cancers. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of mTOR inhibition on radio-sensitivity of cultured tumor cells in BNCT, employing p-boronophenylalanine-B (BPA) as a B-carrier.

Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio Predicts Survival After Whole-brain Radiotherapy in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer.

Aim: This study aimed to identify prognostic factors for response to whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT) in patients with brain metastases (BMs) from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Patients And Methods: This study retrospectively evaluated 100 patients who underwent WBRT for BMs from NSCLC between December 2012 and October 2017. Clinical factors were tested for associations with overall survival after WBRT.

Tumor Hypoxia Detected by F-fluoromisonidazole Positron Emission Tomography (FMISO PET) as a Prognostic Indicator of Radiotherapy (RT).

Background/aim: F-misonidazole positron emission tomography (FMISO PET)/computed tomography (CT) obtained before and during radiotherapy (RT) was analyzed as to whether it could predict clinical outcome.

Patients And Methods: Twenty-two patients were included. FMISO PET/ CT was performed twice before RT and at a dose of approximately 20 Gy/10 fractions.

Two-step Intensity-modulated Radiation Therapy for Oropharyngeal Cancer: Initial Clinical Experience and Validation of Clinical Staging.

Aim: To evaluate the clinical results of two-step intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) for oropharyngeal cancer.

Patients And Methods: Eighty patients were treated with two-step IMRT between 2002 and 2014. Whole-neck radiotherapy (44.

Effect of oxygen pressure during incubation with a (10)B-carrier on (10)B uptake capacity of cultured p53 wild-type and mutated tumor cells: dependency on p53 status of tumor cells and types of (10)B-carriers.

Purpose To evaluate the effect of oxygen pressure during incubation with a (10)B-carrier on (10)B uptake capacity of cultured p53 wild-type and mutated tumor cells. Materials and methods Cultured human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cell line transfected with mutant TP53 (SAS/mp53), or with a neo vector as a control (SAS/neo) was incubated with L-para-boronophenylalanine-(10)B (BPA) or sodium mercaptoundecahydrododecaborate-(10)B (BSH) as a (10)B-carrier at the (10)B concentration of 60 ppm for 24 h under aerobic (20.7% of oxygen) or hypoxic (0.

Multiple primary malignancies in patients with prostate cancer: increased risk of secondary malignancies after radiotherapy.

Background: New treatment strategies for prostate cancer have recently been developed, but multiple malignancies remain a major concern. The aim of this study was to evaluate the characteristics of multiple malignancies and to analyze the risk of secondary malignancies after radiotherapy for prostate cancer.

Methods: From 2000 to 2011, 150 patients with prostate cancer were treated with curative radiotherapy in our department.