Successful Control of Hypercalcemia with Sorafenib, Evocalcet, and Denosumab Combination Therapy for Recurrent Parathyroid Carcinoma.

Parathyroid carcinoma (PC) is a rare type of endocrine cancer. Recurrence and metastasis are common after surgery, and refractory hypercalcemia often leads to a poor prognosis. However, there are currently no specific strategies for PC recurrence.

Determination of probability of causative pathogen in infectious keratitis using deep learning algorithm of slit-lamp images.

Corneal opacities are important causes of blindness, and their major etiology is infectious keratitis. Slit-lamp examinations are commonly used to determine the causative pathogen; however, their diagnostic accuracy is low even for experienced ophthalmologists. To characterize the "face" of an infected cornea, we have adapted a deep learning architecture used for facial recognition and applied it to determine a probability score for a specific pathogen causing keratitis.

Publisher Correction: Toxicities of and inflammatory responses to moxifloxacin, cefuroxime, and vancomycin on retinal vascular cells.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

A case of insulin-like growth factor 2-producing gastrointestinal stromal tumor with severe hypoglycemia.

Background: Non-islet cell tumor hypoglycemia (NICTH) is a rare paraneoplastic syndrome that secretes incompletely processed high molecular weight insulin growth factor 2 (big-IGF2), which results in stimulation of the insulin receptor and subsequently induces hypoglycemia. Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is a common intestinal mesenchymal neoplasm of the gastrointestinal tract. The most frequent site of GIST is the stomach; NICTH induced by IGF2-producing stomach GISTs is rare.

Role of IL-4 in bone marrow driven dysregulated angiogenesis and age-related macular degeneration.

Age-associated sterile inflammation can cause dysregulated choroidal neovascularization (CNV) as age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Intraocular fluid screening of 234 AMD patients identified high levels of IL-4. The purpose of this study was to determine the functional role of IL-4 in CNV formation using murine CNV model.

Toxicities of and inflammatory responses to moxifloxacin, cefuroxime, and vancomycin on retinal vascular cells.

Prophylactic intracameral injection of antibiotics is commonly used to prevent endophthalmitis after cataract surgery. However, devastating visual complications have been reported including hemorrhagic occlusive retinal vasculitis (HORV).To determine the toxic and inflammatory effects of moxifloxacin, cefuroxime, and vancomycin on human retinal vascular cells, human retinal vascular endothelial cells (RVEC) and pericytes were exposed to three antibiotics, and the adverse effects were assessed by membrane damage, loss of intrinsic esterase activity, kinetic cell viability, and inflammatory cytokine secretion.

Low skeletal muscle mass is associated with the risk of all-cause mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Background: Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have an increased risk of muscle mass reduction. However, the association between muscle mass and mortality in T2DM remains unknown.

Methods: This was a historical cohort study with the endpoint of all-cause mortality.

A scoring assessment tool for the risk of vertebral fractures in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Background: Development of assessment tool for fracture risk is an urgent task, because bone mineral density (BMD) is less useful for evaluating fracture risk in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Subjects And Methods: In total, 808 T2DM patients were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. To develop a scoring assessment tool using clinical risks for vertebral fracture (VF), we evaluated which variables were associated with VF by logistic regression analysis, and categorized these variables based on cut-off values obtained by using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.

High interleukin-8 level in aqueous humor is associated with poor prognosis in eyes with open angle glaucoma and neovascular glaucoma.

Glaucoma is a leading cause of blindness worldwide. Purpose of this study was to identify molecular markers that were significantly correlated with presence of glaucoma and outcome of glaucoma surgery. To accomplish this, we determined the profiles of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the aqueous humor of 101 glaucoma patients; 31 primary open angle glaucoma (POAG), 38 pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (PEG), and 32 neovascular glaucoma (NVG).

Albuminuria Increases All-Cause Mortality in Japanese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Previous studies have reported that diabetic kidney disease is associated with cardiovascular events and death. Little is known about the independent association of albuminuria and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), with mortality in Asian patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) without renal failure. We conducted a historical cohort study to clarify this issue in Japanese patients with T2DM.

A case report of fulminant type 1 diabetes mellitus associated with drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome in an elderly patient with coxsackie B4 virus infection and human leukocyte antigen-A24 haplotype.

Drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome (DIHS) is a severe systemic adverse drug reaction. Previous studies showed that DIHS is associated with the onset of fulminant type 1 diabetes mellitus (FT1D). Although genetic background and abnormalities in immune response or viral infection are considered to be associated with pathogenesis of FT1D, it remains unclear whether virus infection and specific human leukocyte antigen (HLA) typing are involved in DIHS-associated FT1D.

Association of Bone Mineral Density, Bone Turnover Markers, and Vertebral Fractures with All-Cause Mortality in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have an increased risk of fragility fracture. However, the association between diabetes-related osteoporosis and mortality in T2DM remains unknown. This historical cohort study assessed the endpoint of all-cause mortality in patients with T2DM.

Decreased Serum Insulin-like Growth Factor-I is a Risk Factor for Non-vertebral Fractures in Diabetic Postmenopausal Women.

Objective Previous studies have shown that serum insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) is involved in diabetes-related bone fragility. Although lower serum levels of IGF-I are reported to be associated with a higher risk of vertebral fractures in patients with type 2 diabetes, it is unknown whether or not the serum level of IGF-I is associated with the incidence of non-vertebral fractures. Methods We investigated the relationships between the serum levels of IGF-I and the incidence of non-vertebral osteoporotic fractures in 188 men and 168 postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes.

Decreased serum insulin-like growth factor-I level is associated with the increased mortality in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Mortality is increased in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Although previous studies showed that decreased serum insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) levels are associated with diabetic complications, little is known about the association between serum IGF-I level and the mortality in patients with T2DM. This is a historical cohort study with end-point of all-cause mortality in 234 men and 191 women with T2DM.

Vitamin D-mediated hypercalcemia in multicentric Castleman's disease.

Multicentric Castleman's disease (MCD) is a rare lymphoproliferative disorder, which represents various symptoms caused by the hyperproduction of interleukin-6 (IL-6). However, case studies of MCD accompanied by hypercalcemia have rarely been reported thus far. A 78-year-old male had generalized fatigue, and his laboratory data revealed elevated serum calcium (Ca) and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [1,25(OH)D] levels (11.

UBXD1 is a VCP-interacting protein that is involved in ER-associated degradation.

AAA ATPase VCP and its yeast ortholog Cdc48, in a complex with the Ufd1-Npl4 heterodimer as an adaptor, play an essential role in endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD). Several UBX domain-containing proteins function to recruit ubiquitylated substrates to VCP/Cdc48 by binding both VCP/Cdc48 and other ERAD components such as ubiquitin ligases. Here we show that mammalian UBXD1 is an additional UBX domain-containing protein involved in the ERAD process.