Clinical Characteristics of Patients With Previous Helicobacter pylori Infection-Induced Atrophic Gastritis.

Aims: Patients with atrophic gastritis unrelated to autoimmune gastritis (AIG) and without active () infection or previous eradication therapy are considered to have previous infection-induced atrophic gastritis (PHIG). This study aimed to clarify the clinical characteristics of patients with PHIG.

Methods: Consecutive patients who underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy during the study period were enrolled in the study.

Formation of a Pt-MgO Solid Solution: Analysis by X-ray Absorption Fine Structure Spectroscopy.

Thermal treatment of Pt nanoparticles or Pt(acac) supported on MgO resulted in the formation of a solid solution of Pt-MgO, as evidenced by Pt L-edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy. The valence of Pt in the Pt-MgO solid solution was determined to be 4+. A characteristic shrinkage of the Pt-O bond distance was observed in comparison with that of the nearest-neighboring Mg-O bond in MgO, which agreed with the density functional theory (DFT) calculations.

Relevance of pepsinogen, gastrin, and endoscopic atrophy in the diagnosis of autoimmune gastritis.

Simple objective modalities are required for evaluating suspected autoimmune gastritis (AIG). This cross-sectional study aimed to examine whether pepsinogen, gastrin, and endoscopic findings can predict AIG. The diagnostic performance of endoscopic findings and serology in distinguishing AIG was evaluated.

Early Dynamics of MELD Scores Predict Corticosteroid Responsiveness to Severe Acute-Onset Autoimmune Hepatitis.

Timely diagnosis and management of severe acute-onset autoimmune hepatitis (SA-AIH), a potential cause of acute liver failure (ALF), are challenging. An initial trial of corticosteroids (CS) followed by an assessment of clinical responses over 1-2 weeks is advocated by the latest international practice guidelines and expert reviews. Consideration of a second-line drug while evaluating for liver transplantation (LT) is also recommended.

Vulnerability to recurrent episodes of acute decompensation/acute-on-chronic liver failure characterizes those triggered by indeterminate precipitants in patients with liver cirrhosis.

Background: Acute decompensation (AD) of liver cirrhosis (LC) and subsequent acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) are fatal and impair quality of life. Insufficient knowledge of the highly heterogeneous natural history of LC, including decompensation, re-compensation, and possible recurrent decompensation, hinders the development and application of novel therapeutics. Approximately 10%-50% of AD/ACLF is reported to be precipitated by any indeterminate (unidentifiable, cryptogenic, or unknown) acute insults; however, its clinical characteristics are unclear.

CLIF-C Organ Failure Score and Liver Volume Predict Prognosis in Steroid-Treated Severe Acute Autoimmune Hepatitis.

Controversies and debates remain regarding the best management of severe acute-onset autoimmune hepatitis (SA-AIH) due to the lack of useful outcome or complication prediction systems. We conducted this clinical practice-based observational study to clarify whether Chronic Liver Failure Consortium Organ Failure scores (CLIF-C OFs) and the computed tomography-derived liver volume to standard liver volume (CTLV/SLV) ratio at admission to a tertiary transplant center can predict outcomes and complications due to infection. Thirty-four consecutive corticosteroid-treated patients with SA-AIH from 2007 to 2018 were included.

Tolvaptan is effective in treating patients with refractory ascites due to cirrhosis.

The treatment of refractory ascites due to cirrhosis is a clinical challenge for hepatologists. Tolvaptan, a novel aquaporin modulator, was made available in Japan in 2013 for the treatment of patients with refractory ascites due to cirrhosis. Despite the potential of this drug, few reports are available regarding its clinical use.