Spinal Enchondromas in the Cervical Spine: Rarity, Recurrence and the Importance of Long-Term Surveillance.

Introduction: Chondromas are benign cartilaginous tumors classified into periosteal chondromas and enchondromas. While periosteal chondromas grow on the bone surface, enchondromas develop within the medullary cavity. Enchondromas constitute 4-8% of all bone tumors, with spinal enchondromas being exceptionally rare, particularly in the cervical region.

Management of Cervical Spine Metastasis from Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Rare Case Report with an Overview.

Introduction: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) accounts for 2-3% of adult malignant tumors, often metastasizing to bones, especially the spine. Spinal metastasis has a poor prognosis, but solitary spinal tumors have better outcomes with targeted chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and newer surgical approaches. Due to RCC's high vascularity and resistance to treatments, en bloc vertebrectomy with anterior and posterior fixation is the gold standard for solitary lesions.

Brachial Plexus Injury due to Central-line Insertion during Kypho-scoliosis Deformity Correction.

Introduction: Internal Jugular Venous (IJV) cannulation or central-line insertion is frequently performed during kyphoscoliosis deformity correction surgery or spine surgery with high risk. This helps monitor central venous pressure and administer medicines when required. Although many complications of IJV cannulation have been reported in the literature, its effect on brachial plexus is not known.

Comparison of Clinical Outcome and Radiologic Parameters in Open TLIF Versus MIS-TLIF in Single- or Double-Level Lumbar Surgeries.

Purpose: The objective of this study was to compare clinical and radiologic parameters between minimally invasive surgery-transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MIS-TLIF) and open TLIF.

Methods: Data of 145 patients who underwent single- or double-level TLIF procedures with an open (n = 76) or a MIS (n = 69) technique were analyzed. Average operation time, estimated blood loss, and hospital stay were compared between open TLIF and MIS-TLIF.

Esophageal Perforation After Anterior Cervical Surgery: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Summary And Background: Esophageal perforation (EP) after anterior cervical surgery is a rare but potentially life-threatening condition. EP caused by malpositioned implants in cervical spine injury with multiple comorbidities is challenging to treat simultaneously.

Study: This was a case report study.

Hypokalemic Paraparesis Progressing to Quadriparesis in a Case of Intradural Spinal Tumor.

Introduction: This study aims to present a case of spinal intradural tumor with paraparesis referred for surgery, which later progressed to quadriparesis and subsequently found to have hypokalemia due to primary hyperaldosteronism causing a clinical dilemma.

Case Report: A 46-year-old male was referred for surgery from peripheral center with a diagnosis of an intradural tumor at L1. The patient presented to us with paraparesis, which progressed to quadriparesis.

Clinical Correlation of Intraoperative Neuromonitoring in 319 Individuals Undergoing Posterior Decompression and Fixation of Spine.

Study Design: This was a prospective study.

Objectives: To correlate improvement in motor evoked potential (MEP) during spine surgery with postoperative clinical improvement.

Materials And Methods: Three hundred fifty-three patients operated for posterior spinal decompression and fixation surgeries were prospectively selected and followed up.

Reoperations Following Lumbar Spinal Canal Stenosis.

In the current clinical scenario, restenosis following the primary surgical procedure for lumbar canal stenosis is being frequently noticed. A number of studies have evaluated the reoperation rates following different surgical procedures for lumbar canal stenosis. However, a dilemma still exists about the surgical procedures, associated comorbidities and reoperation rates.

A Rare Case of Pheohyphomycotic Lumbar Spondylodiscitis Mistreated as Koch's Spine.

Pheohyphomycosis is an uncommon infection and its association in spondylodiscitis has not yet been reported. The purpose of this case report is to describe a rare case of Pheohyphomycotic spondylodiscitis and methods to diagnose and manage the patient with less invasive techniques. A 29-year-old male patient presented to the outpatient department with complaints of gradually increasing low back pain with bilateral lower limbs radicular pain since one and a half years.

Analysis of diaphragmatic movement before and after pulmonary rehabilitation using fluoroscopy imaging in patients with COPD.

Background: The diaphragm is the principal inspiratory muscle. The purpose of this study was to assess improvements in diaphragmatic movement before and after pulmonary rehabilitation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), using a fluoroscopy-guided chest X-ray.

Patients And Methods: Among 117 patients with COPD receiving pulmonary rehabilitation who underwent the initial fluoroscopy-guided chest X-ray and pulmonary function test, 37 of those patients who underwent both initial and follow-up fluoroscopy and pulmonary function tests were enrolled in this study.

Effect of posterior multilevel vertebral osteotomies on coronal and sagittal balance in fused scoliosis deformity caused by previous surgery: preliminary results.

Study Design: Prospective case series study.

Objective: To study the effect of posterior multilevel vertebral osteotomy (posterior crack osteotomy) on coronal and sagittal balance in patients with the fusion mass over the spine caused by previous surgery.

Summary Of Background Data: Few studies have investigated revisional scoliosis surgery with the fusion mass using osteotomy.

Changes in the spinopelvic parameters of elite weight lifters.

Objective: To describe the changes in the spinopelvic parameters in weight lifters and evaluate the factors leading to spinal anatomical changes (eg, spondylolysis and listhesis).

Design: Case-control study.

Setting: Tertiary, institutional.

Short apical rib resections thoracoplasty compared to conventional thoracoplasty in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis surgery.

Purpose: To introduce a modified technique of thoracoplasty (short apical rib resection thoracoplasty (SARRT)) and compare its clinical, functional radiological outcomes and postoperative lung functions with conventional thoracoplasty (CT) in scoliosis surgery.

Methods: Retrospectively review of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients who underwent corrective surgery with thoracoplasty from 2006 to 2010 was performed. Thoracoplasty was performed in 58 patients (CT in 31 and SARRT in 27 patients).

Multiaxial high-modularity spinopelvis (HMSP) fixation device in neuromuscular scoliosis: a comparative study.

Purpose: To compare radiological and clinical results in patients operated for neuromuscular scoliosis with pelvic fixation using high-modularity spinopelvic screw (HMSP) designed by authors.

Methods: Of 54 patients with neuromuscular scoliosis, group 1 comprised of 27 patients with conventional pelvic fixation; and group 2 comprised of 27 patients using HMSP. Results were evaluated radiologically and functionally.

Clinical results of XMR-assisted percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic lumbar discectomy.

Background: Although percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy (PELD) has shown favorable outcomes in the majority of lumbar discectomy cases, there were also some failures. The most common cause of failure is the incomplete removal of disc fragments. The skin entry point for the guide-needle trajectory and the optimal placement of the working sleeve are largely blind, which might lead to the inadequate removal of disc fragments.

Effects of vertebral column distraction on transcranial electrical stimulation-motor evoked potential and histology of the spinal cord in a porcine model.

Background: Spinal cord injury can occur following surgical procedures for correction of scoliosis and kyphosis, as these procedures produce lengthening of the vertebral column. The objective of this study was to cause spinal cord injury by vertebral column distraction and evaluate the histological changes in the spinal cord in relationship to the pattern of recovery from the spinal cord injury.

Methods: Global osteotomy of all three spinal columns was performed on the ninth thoracic vertebra of sixteen pigs.

Intraoperative airway obstruction in a Duchenne muscular dystrophy patient.

Purpose: To report a complication of airway obstruction during spinal deformity correction surgery in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) patient, due to lordoscoliosis, airway malacia, and prone surgical positioning, which was rectified by changing the position of the patient and surgery was successfully completed.

Case Description: A 15-year-old boy was diagnosed with DMD and admitted for surgical treatment of thoracolumbar scoliosis. The patient's preoperative Cobb's angle was 79° and the kyphotic angle was -19°.

Analysis of factors that affect shoulder balance after correction surgery in scoliosis: a global analysis of all the curvature types.

Purpose: To identify factors that can affect postoperative shoulder balance in AIS.

Method: 89 adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients with six types of curvatures who underwent surgery were included in this study. Whole spine antero-posterior and lateral radiographs were obtained pre- and postoperatively.

Centroid method: an alternative method of determining coronal curvature in scoliosis. A comparative study versus Cobb method in the degenerative spine.

Background Context: Although the Cobb method is considered the gold standard, the centroid method may offer a reasonable alternative in adult scoliosis because it has better inter- and intraobserver reliabilities in adolescent scoliosis.

Purpose: To compare the reliabilities of the Cobb and the centroid methods for measuring coronal curvature in degenerative scoliosis in older patients.

Study Design: Observational study involving three examiners.

Paraganglioma in the cauda equina. A case report.

Paraganglioma of the cauda equina is rare, and diagnosis is difficult. A 47-year-old woman presented with backache, with a 2-year history of pain radiating in her right lower extremity. Initial neurologic examination revealed mild hypaesthesia in the L4 dermatome on both sides.

Analysis of dural sac thickness in human spine-cadaver study with confocal infrared laser microscope.

Background Context: The thickness of the human spine dural sac can show differences between individuals and levels, and these differences can alter clinical outcomes.

Purpose: To analyze spinal cord dural sac thicknesses.

Study Design: Anatomical study of human cadavers.

The effects of spinal cord injury induced by shortening on motor evoked potentials and spinal cord blood flow: an experimental study in Swine.

Background: Spinal cord injury due to spinal shortening is disastrous, but the amount that the spine can be shortened without injury is unknown. We assessed spinal cord injury and changes in spinal cord blood flow after spinal shortening in swine.

Methods: Ten pigs underwent pedicle screw instrumentation between T10 and T13 followed by a T11 and T12 vertebrectomy resulting in spinal shortening.