[Clotting and fibrinolytic activities in acute alcoholic golden hamsters with or without ether anaesthesia].

Fluid cadaveric blood is generally known as a characteristic of sudden death. However, it has been reported that soft blood clots have been observed in a number of cases of sudden death after alcohol drinking. Such a tendency was also recognized on autopsy cases in our laboratory.

[Radiation therapy for human renal cell carcinoma transplantable to the nude mice].

Efficacy of radiation therapy was studied using human renal cell carcinoma strain (AM-RC-3) implantable in nude mice. Cobalt 60 gamma-ray was used dosage of 5 Gy, 10 Gy, 15 Gy and 20 Gy in single, localized exposures of subcutaneously implanted tumors of the lower right femoral region. Therapeutic efficacy was determined using the Battelle Columbus Standard and evaluation of histological changes based on National Cancer Research Institute (Shimosato's classifications).

[Effects of radiation on the human renal cell carcinoma transplantable to the nude mice].

Effects of irradiation were studied using human renal cell carcinoma (AM-RC-3) implanted subcutaneously in nude mice. Tumors were irradiated locally with 60Co gamma-ray as a single dose of 5, 10, 15 and 20 Gy, then the tumor volume was measured periodically. Efficacy of irradiation was determined using Battelle Columbus Standard.

[Radiosensitization of Lewis lung tumor by perfluorochemical emulsion comparison between single and fractionated irradiation].

Previously perfluorochemical emulsion (FDAS) was shown to enhance tumor growth delay, when applied together with breathing carbogen (95% O2+5% CO2) before and during irradiation. In the present paper, radiosensitizing effects of FDAS in tumor bearing mice were examined on a single (10 Gy) and fractionated irradiation (4 Gy, 4 times) and on the dose of administration. The results were as follows; 1) All groups of single irradiation with injection of FDAS 10-40 ml/kg could enhance the radiosensitivity of LLC bearing mice.

Characterization of a mode of specific binding of fibrin monomer through its amino-terminal domain by macrophages and macrophage cell-lines.

The studies reported here probe the existence of a receptor-mediated mode of fibrin-binding by macrophages that is associated with the chemical change underlying the fibrinogen-fibrin conversion (the release of fibrinopeptides from the amino-terminal domain) without depending on fibrin-aggregation. The question is pursued by 1) characterization of binding in relation to fibrinopeptide content of both the intact protein and the CNBr-fragment comprising the amino-terminal domain known as the NDSK of the protein, 2) tests of competition for binding sites, and 3) photo-affinity labeling of macrophage surface proteins. The binding of intact monomers of types lacking either fibrinopeptide A alone (alpha-fibrin) or both fibrinopeptides A and B (alpha beta-fibrin) by peritoneal macrophages is characterized as proceeding through both a fibrin-specific low density/high affinity (BMAX congruent 200-800 molecules/cell, KD congruent to 10(-12) M) interaction that is not duplicated with fibrinogen, and a non-specific high density/low affinity (BMAX greater than or equal to 10(5) molecules/cell, KD greater than or equal to 10(-6) M) interaction equivalent to the weak binding of fibrinogen.

[Minimal effective dose of perfluorochemical emulsion as a radiosensitizer].

Perfluorochemical emulsion can dissolve large amount of oxygen, carry it into tissues, and consequently enhance the response of hypoxic tumor cells to radiation. Previously we reported on the radiosensitizing effect of perfluorochemical emulsion. In the present study, the minimal effective dose of Fluosol-DA Saline 20% (FDAS), one of preparations of perfluorochemical emulsion, was determined.

[Tumor imaging with conventional X-ray using a new artificial blood substitute (perfluoroctylbromide emulsion, FOB)].

A new artificial blood substitute, FOB, which has been shown to be a good solvent for oxygen, contains a Bromine atom within its molecule. FOB is taken up in tumor macrophages and the Bromine shows opacity on X-ray film by absorbance of X-rays. In this study, tumor imaging possibilities were studied using conventional roentgenograms, on mice bearing transplanted Ehrlich ascites tumors on the right leg and which were given a 1-ml injection of 50 w/v % FOB.

[Radiosensitization by oxygen in Ehrlich tumor receiving artificial blood substitute (FOB 20%)].

To enhance tissue PO2 of radioresistant hypoxic cells of tumor, artificial blood substitute (FOB) was applied, because it is excellent solvent for oxygen and allows the blood circulation system to recover and consequently increase the oxygen supply from blood to the tissue. When trasplanted Ehrlich tumor of mice on thigh grew about 1,000 mm3 in volume, those were divided into three groups, group 1: 60Co gamma-ray irradiation alone, group 2: irradiation under breathing oxygen, and group 3: irradiation under breathing oxygen after exchange transfusion with FOB. The radiosensitization of FOB was studied by comparing with the OER values of three groups for 50% TGD time, 50% SD time, and 50% and 75% TCP.

Streptokinase-dependent potentiating factor (SK-potentiator) for plasminogen activation from human plasma: its identification as a fibrinogen degradation product.

A factor, named SK-potentiator, which is known to potentiate the activation of plasminogen by streptokinase (SK), was isolated from human plasma. The procedures consisted of column chromatographies on DEAE-Sephadex A-50 and heparin-agarose, followed with gel-filtration on a Sepharose 6B column and affinity chromatography on a lysine-Sepharose 4B column. The isolated SK-potentiator markedly potentiated the rate of activation of plasminogen by streptokinase.