Comparative and experimental pathology of passaged Newcastle disease virus isolates in ducks.

Although waterfowl are less susceptible to Newcastle disease (ND) virus (NDV) infection compared with chickens and turkeys, lethal ND in waterfowl has been sporadically reported. Factors underlying the high pathogenicity of certain NDV strains in waterfowl remain unclear. In ducks, the NDV 9a5b isolate shows low pathogenicity while the d5a20b isolate shows high pathogenicity.

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy and laparoscopic common bile duct exploration for cholecystolithiasis and choledocholithiasis in a patient with situs inversus totalis: A case report.

Situs inversus complicates diagnosis and treatment due to the mirrored organ placement in relation to normal anatomy. This report describes a 78-year-old female patient with situs inversus totalis who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy and laparoscopic common bile duct exploration for cholecystolithiasis and choledocholithiasis. Utilizing the "French mirror technique" for port placement, the surgeon adeptly mirrored standard maneuvers with a 2-mm needle forceps in the left hand and a 5-mm forceps in the right in a reversed anatomical setting.

Rhabdomyosarcoma of the tongue in a neonatal calf.

A newborn male Holstein calf developed a nodular enlargement at the tip of the tongue. Histopathological examination of the mass revealed predominant proliferating small, round, spindloid or polygonal neoplastic cells with scattered myoblast- and myotube-like cells and multinuclear giant cells. Phosphotungstic acid haematoxylin staining revealed cytoplasmic cross-striations in a few neoplastic cells.

[Methods for Recovering Residual Anticancer Drugs in Medical Settings to Improve Working Environments].

We examined the methods for recovering residual anticancer drugs in medical settings to prevent health hazards caused by exposure to anticancer drugs. Presently, the lactose hydrate recovery rates(Lac, an alternative sample for an anticancer drug)were determined using 2 drug recovery methods that are based on a procedure manual(procedure manual method) and smart remote support(remote support method). Using the procedure manual method, 5 healthcare workers recovered Lac after receiving a detailed face-to-face methodological explanation.

Organ perfusion during partial REBOA in haemorrhagic shock: dynamic 4D-CT analyses in swine.

Resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) increases proximal blood pressure while inducing distal ischemia of visceral organs. The evaluation of distal ischemia severity during REBOA is a prerequisite for safe resuscitation of haemorrhagic shock patients with REBOA. We evaluated changes in blood flow and organ perfusion due to the degree of occlusion using dynamic 4D-computed tomography (CT).

Bicuspidalization of the Native Tricuspid Aortic Valve: A Porcine in Vivo Model of Bicuspid Aortopathy.

: To examine early histologic changes in the aorta exposed to bicuspid flow. : A porcine bicuspid aortopathy model was developed by suturing aortic cusps. Of nine pigs, eight underwent sham surgery (n=3) or bicuspidalization (n=5); one was used as an intact control.

Intestinal mucosa staple line integrity and anastomotic leak pressure after healing in a porcine model.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate both the intestinal mucosa staple line integrity and anastomotic leak pressure after healing in a porcine survival model.

Methods: We used two suture models using two different size staples (incomplete mucosal closure model: group G [staple height 0.75 mm], complete mucosal closure model: group B [staple height 1.

Synthesis of C-fragment buckybowls bearing alkoxy substituents.

Buckybowls bearing a C fragment having two alkoxy groups were synthesized and their structural and optical properties were investigated by single crystal X-ray analysis and UV-vis spectroscopy. In the synthesis of dioxole derivative , the regioisomer was also produced. The yield of was increased by increasing the reaction temperature, indicating that the rearrangement might involve the equilibrium between the Pd(IV) intermediates through C-H bond activation.

Organ ischemia during partial resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta: Dynamic 4D Computed tomography in swine.

Resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) increases proximal pressure, and simultaneously induces distal ischemia. We aimed to evaluate organ ischemia during partial REBOA (P-REBOA) with computed tomography (CT) perfusion in a swine model. The maximum balloon volume was recorded as total REBOA when the distal pulse pressure ceased.

Utility of microminipigs for evaluating liver-mediated gene expression in the presence of neutralizing antibody against vector capsid.

Adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors can transduce hepatocytes efficiently in vivo in various animal species, including humans. Few reports, however, have examined the utility of pigs in gene therapy. Pigs are potentially useful in preclinical studies because of their anatomical and physiological similarity to humans.

Blood flow of the venous system during resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta: Noninvasive evaluation using phase contrast magnetic resonance imaging.

Background: Resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) is a viable resuscitation approach for a subdiaphragmatic injury that can regulate arterial blood flow. On the other hand, the evaluation of venous or portal venous blood flow during REBOA remains insufficient because invasive cannulation or exposure of the vessel may affect the blood flow, and Doppler echography is highly operator-dependent. However, phase contrast magnetic resonance imaging has enabled accurate evaluation and noninvasive measurement.

Distal pressure monitoring and titration with percent balloon volume: feasible management of partial resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (P-REBOA).

Introduction: Resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) increases proximal arterial pressure, but may also induce life-threatening distal ischemia. Partial REBOA (P-REBOA) is thought to mitigate distal ischemia during aortic occlusion. However, feasible indicators of the degree of P-REBOA remain inconsistent.

Development of a transplant injection device for optimal distribution and retention of human induced pluripotent stem cell‒derived cardiomyocytes.

Background: Induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)‒based regenerative therapy is a promising strategy for cardiovascular disease treatment; however, the method is limited by the myocardial retention of grafted iPSCs. Thus, an injection protocol that efficiently introduces and retains human iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) within the myocardium is urgently needed. The objective of the present study was to develop a method to improve the retention of hiPSCs in the myocardium for cardiac therapy.

Production and rearing of germ-free X-SCID pigs.

Pigs with X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency (X-SCID) caused by a mutation of the interleukin-2 receptor gamma chain gene (IL2RG) are of value for a wide range of studies. However, they do not survive longer than 8 weeks because of their susceptibility to infections. To allow longer survival of X-SCID pigs, the animals must be born and reared under germ-free conditions.

A swine model of acute thrombocytopenia with prolonged bleeding time produced by busulfan.

Animal models of thrombocytopenia are indispensable for evaluating the in vivo efficacy of hemostatic agents, cryopreserved platelets, and artificial platelets, but no large animal models are available. In this study, we generated a swine model of acute thrombocytopenia with prolonged bleeding times by administering the chemotherapeutic drug busulfan. First, we tested multiple doses of busulfan (4, 6, and 8 mg/kg) in pigs, and found that 6 mg/kg of busulfan is an optimal dose for producing a safe and moderate thrombocytopenia, with a platelet count of less than 30,000/µl.

Ex-vivo and live animal models are equally effective training for the management of a penetrating cardiac injury.

Background: Live tissue models are considered the most useful simulation for training in the management for hemostasis of penetrating injuries. However, these models are expensive, with limited opportunities for repetitive training. Ex-vivo models using tissue and a fluid pump are less expensive, allow repetitive training and respect ethical principles in animal research.

Dorsal approach plus branch patch technique is the preferred method for liver transplanting small babies with monosegmental grafts.

Purpose: When living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) is performed on small infant patients, the incidence of hepatic artery complications (HACs) is high. Here, we present a retrospective analysis that focuses on our surgical procedure for hepatic arterial reconstruction and the outcomes of monosegmental LDLT.

Methods: Of the 275 patients who underwent LDLT between May 2001 and December 2015, 13 patients (4.

A novel split liver protocol using the subnormothermic oxygenated circuit system in a porcine model of a marginal donor procedure.

Background: A merit of subnormothermic perfusion has been reported to preserve grafts from ischemic injury in animal models. The split liver technique is commonly performed to solve the shortage of liver grafts. However, there has been no study showing the effect of a split liver graft on subnormothermic perfusion.

MHC-matched induced pluripotent stem cells can attenuate cellular and humoral immune responses but are still susceptible to innate immunity in pigs.

Recent studies have revealed negligible immunogenicity of induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells in syngeneic mice and in autologous monkeys. Therefore, human iPS cells would not elicit immune responses in the autologous setting. However, given that human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-matched allogeneic iPS cells would likely be used for medical applications, a more faithful model system is needed to reflect HLA-matched allogeneic settings.

Repetitive allogeneic intraarticular injections of synovial mesenchymal stem cells promote meniscus regeneration in a porcine massive meniscus defect model.

Objective: A new strategy is required in order to regenerate a meniscus for extensive defects. Synovial mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are an attractive cell source for meniscus regeneration due to their high proliferation and chondrogenic potential. We examined the effect of repetitive intraarticular injections of synovial MSCs on meniscus regeneration in a massive meniscal defect of pigs.

Elevation of intra-abdominal pressure by pneumoperitoneum decreases pancreatic perfusion in an in vivo porcine model.

Background: The goal of this study is to examine changes in pancreatic perfusion due to pneumoperitoneum using perfusion CT in vivo.

Methods: Three pigs were studied. Under general anesthesia, pneumoperitoneum was induced to 16 mm Hg.